Download The Early years of the Civil War

THE EARLY YEARS OF
THE CIVIL WAR
Chapter 16
Section 2
LOTS OF NAMES FOR THE SAME EVENT!
Historians have
called the Civil War
at least 30 names.
Here are just a few:
 The War for Southern
Independence
 The War for States’
Rights
 The War of Secession
 The Great Rebellion
 The War Against
Slavery
 The War for the Union
 The War of the North
and South
 The War of the Blue
and Gray
 Mr. Lincoln’s War
 The War of Northern
Aggression
NORTH AND SOUTH COULDN’T EVEN
AGREE ON THE NAME OF THE WAR!
 Officially, it was the
“War of the Rebellion”
because the U.S.
government
considered the
Southern states
rebelling.
 Southern states didn’t
agree to it because
they felt secession
was constitutional!
 “Civil War” also
wasn’t acceptable
because Southern
states saw
themselves as an
independent nation
 Compromise: “War
Between the States”
name was adopted by
many as a
compromise
FIRST BATTLE AT BULL RUN
 It has an alternate name:
Manassas
 WHO: Gen McDowell (Union)
vs. Gen Beauregard and
Stonewall Jackson both
Confederates
 WHEN: July, 1861
 WHERE: near Manassas
Junction, Virginia
 WHAT HAPPENED: Union
troops pushed the
Confederates back, then
inspired by “Stonewall”
Jackson Confederates led a
counterattack….
 Confederates made an
“unear thly” scream that became
to be known as the REBEL YELL.
 Union troops were terrified and
dropped their guns and
retreated back to Washington
D.C.
 OUTCOME: Confederates won
and they thought they would be
close to end the war! The Nor th
was shocked and realized the
war would take longer than
expected.
 President Lincoln called for
more volunteers to enlist.
WAR AT SEA
 The North’s goal was
to create a naval
blockade southern
ports.
 The blockade would
prevent the sell of
cotton and block
southern imports.
 North did not want
the South to be able
to make money.
WHY?
 Unfortunately for the
North: They didn’t
have enough ships to
block the southern
ports.
 Southern ships were
able to go in and out
of ports...they were
called “Blockade
Runners.”
MONITOR VS. MERRIMACK
 WHO: CSS Virginia
(former Merrimack) vs.
The Union’s Monitor
 WHEN: March 9 th , 1862
 WHERE: on the Potomac
River
 WHAT HAPPENED: Ships
exchanged fire for 3
hours! Both ships took
about 2 dozen hits and
eventually ended when
both sides were too
exhausted to fight
anymore!
BATTLE OF SHILOH: AKA PITTSBURG
LANDING OR “BLOODY SHILOH”
GOAL: North wanted
to capture important
railway junction at
Corinth Mississippi.
Battle took place
about 20 miles
north of the junction
near a church called
Shiloh.
WHO: Gen. Grant
(North) vs. Johnston
and Beauregard
(South)
WHEN: April 6 th ,
1862
WHERE: Shiloh,
Tennessee
“BLOODY SHILOH” CONTINUED
 WHAT HAPPENED: The
Confederates led a surprise
attack on the Union Troops.
The battle lasted 2 days, one
of the bloodiest! Combined
casualties of 20,000+ and Gen
Johnston was killed.
 Soldiers were lying in the rain,
waiting for medical help…the
Bloody Pond.
 OUTCOME: South retreated
and the Union won and then
took control of Corinth
Mississippi and then Memphis
Tennessee…closer to
controlling Mississippi River.
Why impor tant?
 It’s ironic that Shiloh in
Hebrew means “Place of
Peace.”
BATTLE AT NEW ORLEANS
 GOAL: North wanted
to capture the city…
get closer to taking
control of the
Mississippi River
 WHO: D. Farragut
(Union Navy)
 WHEN: April 25 th ,
1862
 WHERE: New Orleans,
Louisiana
 WHAT HAPPENED: The
Union Navy was able
to capture the largest
city in the South!
Rebels could no
longer carry goods to
the Gulf of Mexico for
trading…one step
closer to controlling
all of the Mississippi
River!
SEVEN DAYS BATTLE (RICHMOND)
 GOAL: Union wants to
capture Richmond because
it was the capital of the
Confederacy
 WHO: McClellan (Union) vs.
Lee and Jeb Stuart
(Confederates)
 WHEN: June 1862
 WHAT HAPPENED: Stuart
had his scouts gather
information about the
North’s position...only 1
died. Then Stuart’s troops
circled around McClellan’s
men. Gen Lee was able to
push Union troops to James
River.
 OUTCOME: Union failed to
take capital, disheartened
the North and the South’s
morale increased.
ANTIETAM (AKA SHARPSBURG)
 GOAL: South’s
President J. Davis
ordered Confed. troops
to take the offense and
attack into Maryland- a
border state (close to
Washington DC!)
 If the South won then
they were hopeful that
France and England
would aid the South
and encourage people
of Maryland to join the
Confederacy.
 WHO: Gen Lee (South)
vs. McClellan (North)
 WHEN: Sept 17 th , 1862
 WHERE: Sharpsburg,
Maryland- along
Antietam Creek
 WHAT HAPPENED:
Single bloodiest day of
the entire war! 6,000
killed and 17,000
wounded. Gen Lee
retreated to Virginia.
North claimed the
victory.
ANTIETAM CONTINUED
Gen. McClellan is
fired because he did
not follow Pres.
Lincoln’s orders. He
was told to follow
Confed. troops but
did not. A. Burnside
will take control of
the Union troops
afterwards.