Download Respiratory System

Respiratory
System
Chapter 24 pg. 652
Breathing
• Is Oxygen being inhaled
• Oxygen will be then carried to the
body cells
• Then later CO2 will be exhaled
Respiration
• Oxygen used in chemical reaction to
release energy from glucose (food)
• During this CO2 is created
Major Organs and
Structures
• Mouth and Nostrils
• Air enters here
• Nasal Cavity
• Air is moistened and warms
• Has mucus that cleans (pollen, dust,
bacteria, + viruses) air
• Pharynx
• Is a tube where food and air passes
through
• Epiglottis
• This is a FLAP that covers the larynx so
food/liquid doesn’t go into it
• What is caused if doesn’t work
• Larynx
• Is airway where vocal cords are
attached
• Air passes over vocal cords-muscles
work to help this happen
• Trachea
• Is a tube that leads to the lungs
• Has cartilage to help ALLOWS stay
open
• Lined with mucus to help trap bacteria,
viruses, pollen, and dust
• Bronchi
• The trachea branches off into
these
• Carries air into the lungs
• Bronchioles
• The bronchi break off into these smaller tubes
• At the end have alveoli-are tiny cluster (look
like a cluster of grapes)
• Have capillaries in them where O2 and CO2
are exchanged
Lungs
• Function is to transport O2 into body and
CO2 out of body
• Have 2 but these are divided into lobes
• Right side have 3
• Left side have 2
• Left lung is a little smaller-due to heart
• Can live with only 1 lung
How You Breath
• Air pressure goes form an area of
High pressure to Low Pressure
• See when squeezing a plastic
bottle
Diaphragm
-Is a muscle beneath your lungs that helps
air in and out of your body
• It will contract and relax as you breath
• It EXERTS and RELIEVES pressure on
your lungs
Inhale
•
•
•
•
Your diaphragm will contract and move down
Your ribs will move up—filling
So volume in the chest increases to its MAX
Air pressure REDUCED—so air comes naturally
in will go/fill the lungs from outside the body
Exhale
• Diaphragm relaxes and MOVES UP (forms a
dome shape)
• Rib cage moves DOWNWARD
• Chest cavity gets smaller
• Lungs return to original position
• Pressure on lungs is formed so air goes out of
body
Life-Saving Maneuver
• When epiglottis doesn’t close quick
enough over trachea—food/liquid can get
in
• Each yr. thousands of people die from
food/objects becoming lodged in the
trachea
• Air can’t get in or out—Death can happen
in a matter of minutes!!!!
Pressure Dislodges the
Food
• Heimlich maneuver
• Pressure in used to force out the
food
• Diaphragm is forced up—volume of
chest cavity quickly decreases
• Pressure is suddenly increased—air is
forced up the trachea
• Hopefully enough pressure is created to
dislodge the food/object out of the
trachea
• If not DEATH
Diseases/Disorders of
the Respiratory System
• Chronic Bronchitis
• Bronchial tubes are irritated
• To much mucus in produced
• When this happens form more than a few
wks get this disease
• Can result from SMOKING
• You will Cough tons trying to get mucus out
(but are actually damaging the bronchial
tubes)
• Can lead to scar tissue being formed in
lungs—which prevent the lungs from doing
its job
• Emphysema
• Alveoli lose their ability to expand and
contract-so air won’t easily go out and in
• Bronchi become inflamed-BIG
• Can be Caused by SMOKING
• If you get chronic bronchitis can lead to
this disease
• Will have shortness of breath
• Causes the heart to work hard than it
should—can develop heart
problems!!!!!
• Lung Cancer
• Smoking is the Greatest reason why this
happens in the body
• The smoke and tar from the tobacco changes
into carcinogens
• Carcinogens cause uncontrolled growth of
cells in the lungs—forming cancer
• Asthma
• Shortness of breath, wheezing, or coughing
will occur
• When having an attack the bronchial tubes
contract quickly
• Can be caused because of an allergic reaction
to something, pollen, stress, certain foods,
breathing in smoke, etc
FACTS:
• Keeping this system healthy will also
help other systems stay health
• Exercising will help keep this system
healthy
THE END!!