Download Chapter Two Review (review * noun - a looking at or looking over

Chapter Two Review
(review – noun - a looking at or
looking over again)
Scandinavian
representation of the god
Tyr. Circa A.D. 9th century
Chapter 2 – Western Asia & Egypt
3500 – 500 B.C.
Key Events
• The Sumerians in Mesopotamia were among
the 1st groups to develop a civilization, and
they were the first (TWKO) to develop a
system of writing.
• Due in large part to the Nile, Egyptian
civilization was stable and prosperous.
– Massive monuments, the pyramids, were built in
the Old Kingdom to honor the pharaohs.
Chapter 2 – Western Asia & Egypt
3500 – 500 B.C.
Key Events continued
• The Israelites emerged as a distinct people.
• The Phoenicians developed a phonetic
alphabet, the ancestor of our own alphabet.
• Many other empires rose and fell in this area
during this time frame, but the largest and
longest lasting of these were the Assyrian and
Persian empires.
Complete the following Important
Phrase from Chapter 2.1
Civilization begins in ….
Mesopotamia
Pg 37
The first civilization in Mesopotamia
was that of the ….
Sumerians
Pg 38
Around 2340 B.C., Sargon, ruler of the Akkadians,
conquered the Sumerian city-states and set up the
world’s first ….
empire
Pg 40
Cuneiform – “wedge” shaped
The Law Code of ___________ , a collection of
282 laws, was based on a system of strict justice.
Hammurabi
Penalties in Hammurabi’s Law Code
varied according to the _________
of the victim.
social class
Pg 41
Society in ancient Mesopotamia
was _______ (dominated by men).
patriarchal
Pg 41
Egyptians called the rich land flooded
annually by the Nile the _________Land.
Black
Sumerians created this system of writing,
meaning “wedge shaped” around 3000 B.C.
cuneiform
Pg 42
The name given to a large political unit or state,
usually under a single leader, that controls many
peoples or territories:
EMPIRE
Four important Sumerian inventions:
• The Wheel
• The Arch
• The Sundial
• Bronze
from copper & tin
• Number system based on 60
Pg 43
Mesopotamia civilization grew up
between what two rivers?
Tigris & Euphrates Rivers
Pg 37
Egyptian civilization can be divided
into 3 main periods…
The pyramids were built
in which period?
OLD KINGDOM
Old Kingdom
Middle Kingdom
New Kingdom
Pg 47
Which Egyptian god was slain by his brother,
only to be brought back to life by Isis, his
sister-wife?
OSIRIS
Osiris, Isis and Nephthys – top
Osiris and Aton - left
Pg 46
A government ruled by divine
authority is a …
theocracy
Pg 39
Four 65 ft tall statues of Ramses II
This age lasted from 2050 to 1652 B.C. and was
marked by stability, a new concern for the
common people, and the expansion into Nubia:
Middle Kingdom
Pg 49
The invasion of these people marked
the end of the Middle Kingdom…
the Hyksos
Egypt created an empire and became
the most powerful state in
Southwest Asia during this period…
NEW KINGDOM
1567 TO 1085 B.C.
Pg 50
From the Hyksos invaders, the Egyptians learned to
make ____?_____ weapons and tools, a dramatic
improvement over their copper weapons and tools.
BRONZE
Khopesh
Pg 50
The last pharaoh; sought to ally Egypt with
Rome but chose the loser in a war of Roman
generals.
Cleopatra
Pg 51
New Kingdom pharaoh Akhenaton is
known to us for…
Introduced the worship of one god – Aton - and
closed the temples of the old gods of Egypt.
 The first woman to
become pharaoh…
 HATSHEPSUT of the
New Kingdom
Pg 50
This term refers to a particular group of people who
used a language derived from a single parent
tongue. Greek, Latin, Persian, Sanskrit, and the
Germanic languages are descended from this root
language.
Indo-European
Pg 54
The first of the Indo-European peoples
(TWKO) to make use of iron…
Hittites
Pg 55
The Phoenician culture is best
known to us today for its …
Alphabet
Pg 56
This group of Semitic speaking people
lived south of the Phoenicians …
Israelites
Belief in one God…
 Monotheism
Pg 59
Israelites in Ninevah
This Macedonian conquered the
Persian Empire in the 330s B.C.
Alexander the Great
Pg 64
The first empire (TWKO) was the
_________ Empire.
Akkadian
Sargon of Akkad
The Nile River flows (north or south)?
NORTH
Northern Egypt where the Nile flows
into the Mediterranean is called…
LOWER EGYPT
Why?
Elevation
The invention of cuneiform is
credited to …
the Sumerians
Cuneiform payroll records of
women in the temple service
for 2 months.
Pg 42
Which Persian king extended the empire to its
largest extent – to the largest empire the world had
yet seen?
Darius
Pg 63
The history of Egypt begins around
3100 B.C. when …
Menes (Narmer) united Upper & Lower Egypt
King Menes (Narmer) subduing
his foes. Narmer Palette.
Pg 47