Download Macromolecule Review

Macromolecule Review
A. Four Macromolecules
a. Carbohydrates
b. Proteins
c. Nucleic Acids
d. Fats (lipids)
B. How are macromolecules formed?
a. Dehydration Synthesis
i. OH- + H+ makes water
ii. For all macromolecules
C. How are macromolecules broken down or
digested?
a. Hydrolysis
i. Hydro = ”water”
ii. Lysis = “to cut”
D. What represents stored chemical energy?
a. Forming bonds stores energy, that’s where
the chemical energy is found (electrons)
E. What represents the release of chemical energy?
a. Breaking a bond releases energy.
F. C = Carbon, H=Hydrogen, O=Oxygen,
N=Nitrogen
G. Carbohydrates
a. Are sugars
b. Smallest unit, subunit or monomer is the
monosaccharide.
H. Proteins
a. Enzymes are proteins that speed up
chemical reactions by reducing activation
energy
b. Subunits of proteins (monomer) is the
amino acid (20 different amino acids)
c. Peptide bonds are the name of the bonds
that hold the amino acids together
I. Fats (Lipids)
a. Do not have repeating monomers
b. Consists of one glycerol molecule bonded to
three fatty acids.
c. Most stored energy of all macromolecules
J. Nucleic Acids
a. RNA and DNA
b. Store and pass on hereditary information
c. Subunit or monomer is the nucleotide