Download 10.02 Notes----Turning Points of WWII

10.02 Notes
Turning Points of WWII
Blitzkrieg
Click here for blitzkrieg
• Attack Poland Sept 1939
• Britain and France
declare war on Germany
• Lightning war
Battle of Britain
Battle for the domination of
the skies of Britain.
If Hitler and his Luftwaffe win,
he will going to invade
England!
Battle of Britain handout
Never in the field of human
conflict was so much owed
by so many to so few
Click here
Stalingrad
The Battle of Stalingrad
“The Russians were as determined to
protect Stalingrad as Hitler was to take
it…….”
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The Soviets counterattacked…...
….now the German army was
surrounded!
Stalingrad- click here
•THE turning
point of the war
in Europe
Bloodiest Battle in
recorded history
THE major turning point of
WWII.
1-2 million casualties
• Axis powers lost ¼ of
eastern front manpower
• USSR commanders—
total disregard for human
life
Shhhhh…
.. listen up
George Patton
Click here for Patton clip
•Leading US Combat
General of WWII
•Expert in Tank Warfare
•Used as decoy for D-Day
5 WWII Conference Groups
5 WWII Conferences
Group assignments
• Atlantic
• Casablanca
• Tehran
• Yalta
• Potsdam
• Researchers
• Recorder
• Write on
Board
Atlantic Charter
Atlantic Charter
• August 1941
– Churchill and FDR
– Colonies get self-determination
– “general security” alliance
Signaled a deepening alliance
between UK and US
Casablanca
Stalin not
able to
make it—
Nazis are
invading
20 %
attrition
rate at first
1. Increase bombing of Germany
2. Invade Italy
3. Unconditional surrender
• 1. Increase bombing of Germany
• 2. Invade Italy- help USSR
• 3. Unconditional surrender
Anzio
1. Increase bombing of Germany
2. Invade Italy
3. Unconditional surrender
Rome
Anzio
Gustav Line
Salerno
1. Increase bombing of Germany
2. Invade Italy
3. Unconditional surrender
Doolittles Raid
Doolittle’s Raid had 2 effects:
• 1. Japanese civilians no longer
saw themselves as invincible
• 2. America needed some good
news badly!
Battle of Coral Sea
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USS Yorktown
Battle of Coral Sea
• This is as far as Japanese
would advance
• Saves Australia from invasion
• Shows “US down, but not out”
Midway
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Battle of Midway
Witness to the Moment handout
• 1. THE turning point in the war of
the Pacific
• 2. Losing Midway=California
• 3. Yamamoto after Aleutians too !
• 4. US code breakers
• 5. US victory 4:1
• 6. Never threaten Hawaii again
• 7. Japan now on defensive
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1. THE turning point in the war of
the Pacific
2. Losing Midway=California
3. Yamamoto after Aleutians too !
4. US code breakers
5. US victory 4:1
6. Never threaten Hawaii again
7. Japan now on defensive
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1. THE turning point in the war of
the Pacific
2. Losing Midway=California
3. Yamamoto after Aleutians too !
4. US code breakers
5. US victory 4:1
6. Never threaten Hawaii again
7. Japan now on defensive
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1. THE turning point in the war of
the Pacific
2. Losing Midway=California
3. Yamamoto after Aleutians too !
4. US code breakers
5. US victory 4:1
6. Never threaten Hawaii again
7. Japan now on defensive
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1. THE turning point in the war of
the Pacific
2. Losing Midway=California
3. Yamamoto after Aleutians too !
4. US code breakers
5. US victory 4:1
6. Never threaten Hawaii again
7. Japan now on defensive
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1. THE turning point in the war of
the Pacific
2. Losing Midway=California
3. Yamamoto after Aleutians too !
4. US code breakers
5. US victory 4:1
6. Never threaten Hawaii again
7. Japan now on defensive
Japan loses 4 carriers and 200 of
their best pilots----
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1. THE turning point in the war of
the Pacific
2. Losing Midway=California
3. Yamamoto after Aleutians too !
4. US code breakers
5. US victory 4:1
6. Never threaten Hawaii again
7. Japan now on defensive
Japan have better fighters in the
beginning, but not near the quality of
US pilots. Air superiority gained
quickly in Pacific
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1. THE turning point in the war of
the Pacific
2. Losing Midway=California
3. Yamamoto after Aleutians too !
4. US code breakers
5. US victory 4:1
6. Never threaten Hawaii again
7. Japan now on defensive
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Now to
Island
Hopping
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1. THE turning point in the war of
the Pacific
2. Losing Midway=California
3. Yamamoto after Aleutians too !
4. US code breakers
5. US victory 4:1
6. Never threaten Hawaii again
7. Japan now on defensive
Chester Nimitz
-After Pearl, in
Charge of Pacific
Fleet
-Bold and wise
moves wins the
day at Midway
Tehran Conference
•Allies agree to
invade France to
relieve Soviet forces
on Eastern Front
D-Day
D-Day is the name given to
the day of the Allied invasion
of France during WWII.
It began on June 6, 1944, and
was the greatest land-and-sea
operation in history.
Commanded by Dwight D.
Eisenhower, the Allied forces
decided to invade Normandy,
since their only other option, Pas
De Calais, was highly secured.
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A little after
daybreak, 4,000
transports, 800
warships, and an
unknown number of
smaller boats arrived
at the beaches of
Normandy with the
US and British armies.
H-Hour…..June 6th, 1944
The Allies invaded five beaches: Utah, Omaha, Gold, Juno,
and Sword. Omaha was the toughest of them all. Two
American divisions were sent to Omaha, giving it the highest
number of casualties out of all five,about 2,400 casualties at
Omaha on June 6.
Omaha consisted of 8 concrete bunkers, 35
pillboxes, 4 artillery batteries, 18 anti-tank
guns, 35 rocket launching sites, no less than
85 machine gun nests, and countless Germans
with small arms.
Obstacles found on
Omaha Beach
Another obstacle was the Atlantic Wall. It was built
along the western coast of Europe to guard against
an allied invasion.
The Germans thought the attacks would be
on Calais. Once they realized Normandy was
the true site of invasion, it was too late. The
allied forces had already started to establish
a firm control of France.
The D-Day invasion was successful and turned the
course of WWII and world history. By landing in
Normandy, the Allies made an opening where they
could strike at the heart of Nazi Germany.
Many movies were made and books written about D-Day,
such as The Longest Day and Saving Private Ryan.”D-Day”
in military terms, is simply the first day of a major
operation. However, in American history and culture, it
means the invasion of Normandy, an event that changed
world history forever.
Scene from the movie “Saving Private Ryan”
“burn down Paris”
Battle of the
Bulge
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• December 1944--@ a month
long
• Last Major German Offensive
• Exhausts everything Germany
had…and almost succeeded
Island Hopping
Read p. 691—Advancing in the
Pacific
• Feb-March 1945
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Iwo Jima
Okinawa
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Most guns, ships, troops, planes,
bombs, deaths, ect……
• 1. Most costly battle of Pacific
–US=12, 000 killed
–207,000 military and civilians
killed
•Gave an insight of
how costly an
Invasion of Japan
would be!
VE Day
May 8, 1945
Day Germany surrenders
TRANSPARENCY
The Allies Win the War
Harry Truman
FDR dies
3 weeks
before
VE Day
Decides to use the new atomic
weapon
Manhatten Project
Most expensive and impressive
government project of our history up
to the moon in 1969.
• 100,000 employed
• Billions of 1940’s dollars !
J. Robert
Oppenheimer
In charge of the
Manhattan Project–
the brains
Atomic Bomb
Hiroshima and Nagasaki
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Yalta Conference
Big 3—Stalin makes SOME
promises—can’t push him
Potsdam
Stalin makes some promises, but
clear he will do as he pleases with
Eastern Europe
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Nuremberg Trials
Click here
•Nazi Leaders and
war criminals tried
for War Crimes