Download Human Anatomy

Human Anatomy
Instructor
Dr. Donald Bowlin
Mission Statement
Phone
The KOSD’s mission is to provide a safe learning environment that prepares critical thinkers to
become responsible and productive members of society.
412-571-6000
Ext. 1220
Email
[email protected]
This course syllabus has been designed to enable each student electing this class to achieve this goal.
Course Overview
Human Anatomy is a semester elective that emphasizes the structure and function of
the human body. The class meets five periods per week and has laboratory activities
Classroom Location
within this time frame. The course is intended for those students who would like to
pursue a career in medicine, physical therapy, pharmacy, nursing, biology, massage
Room 220
therapy, sports medicine, and other health related fields. Students will examine the
eleven body systems through classroom lectures, activities, dissections, discussions, and videos. Comparative
dissections will include the brain, heart, eyes, and the fetal pig. Students may choose to participate in the
laboratory dissection or a virtual dissection. A field trip to the pathology department of a hospital or university,
when possible, may supplement the course work. Assessment is through unit exams, quizzes, homework, lab
reports, and class participation.
Student Requirements and Expected Levels of Achievement
Students taking this course will be expected to:
a.
attend class daily and participate in all class discussions and activities.
b.
study materials presented in class and complete all assigned readings.
c.
complete daily homework assignments.
d.
achieve a 75% level of mastery for all quizzes and exams.
e.
participate in all laboratory activities
f.
pass the semester and final exams with a 75% level of mastery.
g.
submit a written lab report following each laboratory investigation.
Content Objectives
Each student will be able to:
a.
name and explain the levels of organization and maintenance of life.
b.
describe the organization of the human by naming the body cavities, membranes, and body systems.
c.
name the three types of muscles found in the human body and give the location, origin, insertion, and
action of the muscle group.
d. define cartilage, ligament, tendon, joints, and identify the major bones of the human skeleton.
e. describe the structure of a neuron and explain the parts of the simple reflex and how it functions.
f. name the major organs of the endocrine system and identify the principle hormones secreted by each
one.
g. identify the organs of the digestive system, in order, and explain what happens to the food in each part
of the alimentary canal.
h. locate the major structures of the respiratory system in the thoracic cavity and explain the mechanism of
breathing.
i. identify the principle kinds of blood cells and explain how blood is typed using the ABO blood typing
system.
j. trace the flow of blood through the circulatory system, indicating the sites at which oxygen, carbon
dioxide m food, and waste materials enter and exit the blood stream.
k. explain the significance of the lymphatic system and the role it plays in the body’s defense against
infections.
l. name four substances secreted by the body and identify the organs or structures that excrete each one.
m. compare and contrast the organs of the male and female reproductive systems and explain the functions
of each one.
Skill Objectives
Each student will be able to:
a.
generate questions about the structure and function of the human body by identify principles,
and facts.
b. explain or predict generalizations from data collected from anatomical investigations.
theories
c. compare and contrast events of physiological processes such as chemical digestion, muscle contraction,
and nerve impulses.
d. evaluate the outcomes of significant physiological events and processes by examination of their causes.
e. analyze anatomical data generated from charts, graphs, diagrams, and other laboratory investigations.
f. draw relevant conclusions from data collected in anatomical investigations.
g. interpret the biological significance of scientific writings of historic and contemporary authors in the
field of human anatomy.
h. predict the outcomes or consequences of a physiological event by analyzing the principles or factors
governing the event.
Procedures for Evaluation
Students in Human Anatomy will be evaluated by chapter exams and quizzes composed of both objective and
essay questions. Lab reports, lab quizzes, drawings, and special projects will be used to determine the final
grade. The following grade scale will be used to evaluate students in this course:
100%-90% A
89%-80%
B
79%-70% C
69%-60% D
59%-0%
F
Exams and quizzes will be evaluated on the total number of points earned. Lab reports are generally worth 20
points and will be evaluated on the following criteria:
20 points---superior effort, highest expectation
19-18 points---very good effort, above average expectation
17-16 points---average effort, some missing concepts
15-14 points---below average effort, incomplete with missing concepts
13-12 points---unacceptable effort, minimal effort, late or incomplete
0 points---not turned in
Homework will be assigned frequently when it supplements or enhances classroom activities. Assignments are
generally worth 10 points per assignment and will be graded on the following criteria:
10 points—superior effort, highest expectation
9-8 points---very good effort, above average expectations
7-6 points---average effort, some missing concepts
5-4 points---below average effort, incomplete or missing concepts
3-2 points---unacceptable, minimal effort, late, incomplete
0 points---not turned in
Each student is expected to keep an anatomy notebook in which class notes, handout materials, lab
reports, quizzes and exams should be kept. All classroom and lab materials will be provided by the teacher.
Textbook
Jenkins, Kemnitz, & Tortora, Anatomy and Physiology, 2nd Ed. John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2010.
Instructional Time
Students in this course will attend five 42 minute periods of classroom instruction per week. This instructional
time includes laboratory investigations. Human Anatomy is a semester class of 18 weeks.
Course Outline
There are five major units of study to this course. They are:
Unit I. Introduction to Anatomy (3 weeks)
1. Terminology
In this introductory unit students will identify and define important anatomical terminology that will be used
throughout the course.
2.. Organization of the Human Body
In this unit students will describe the organization of the human body including the three body planes,
the body regions, and the body cavities.
3. Cells and Tissues
In this unit students will differentiate between the cellular and the tissue level of anatomical organization
and explain the interrelationship between the two.
4. The Microscope
In this unit students will review the parts of the compound light microscope and use it to examine
prepared slides of anatomical cells and tissues.
5. The Integumentary System
In this unit students will study the structure and function of the human integument (skin) including skin
diseases.
Unit II. Support and Movement (4 weeks)
1. The Skeletal System
In this unit students will examine the major features of the human skeletal system including cellular
structure, functions of bones, the organization of the axial and appendicular skeletons, as well as bone
pathology.
2. The Muscular System
In this unit students will investigate the cellular, tissue, organ, and system levels of organization of the
muscular system. Students will differentiate between the anatomy and physiology of smooth, skeletal, and
cardiac muscle.
Unit III. Integration and Coordination (4 weeks)
1. The Nervous System
In this unit students will determine the relationship between the structure and function of nerve cells and
tissues to the functions of the nervous system. Detailed examination will be made of the brain, spinal cord,
(central nervous system) as well as the peripheral and autonomic nervous systems. Students will dissect a
sheep brain and compare it to the human brain to supplement their investigation of the human nervous
system.
2. The Endocrine System
In this unit students will identify hormones and their actions as the chemical agents for the endocrine
glands. Students will identify and study the ten endocrine glands and their major hormonal secretions.
Hyper and hypo secretions of each endocrine gland and the resulting physical conditions will be discussed.
Unit IV. Processing and Transport (5 weeks)
1. The Digestive System
In this unit students will identify the characteristics of the alimentary canal and identify the structure and
function of each digestive organ or gland. Students will differentiate between mechanical and chemical
digestion and identify the major secretions of each digestive structure.
2. The Respiratory System
In this unit students will examine the organs and related structures of the respiratory system as well as
the mechanics of breathing, gas exchange, and the transport of gases throughout the body.
3. The Circulatory System
In this unit students will study blood, blood cells, plasma and the role they play in the circulatory
system. Students will also identify the four human blood types and how they are inherited. They will
differentiate between the arterial and venous systems as well as pulmonary and systemic circulation. The
heart and cardiac circulation will be examined through the laboratory dissection of a bovine (cow) heart.
4. The Lymphatic System
In this unit students will study tissue fluids and lymph and their relationship to body defense and
immunity. The anatomy and physiology of the lymph nodes will reviewed.
5. The Excretory System
In this unit students will the structure and function of the major excretory organs (the kidneys, ureters,
urinary bladder, and urethra). They will investigate the macroscopic and microscopic anatomy of the
human kidney and explain how urine is formed and excreted.
Unit V. Reproduction (2 weeks)
In this unit students will differentiate between the organs of the male and female reproductive systems.
They will identify the major sex hormones produced by the organs of each system and the role these
hormones play in sexual development. A review of fertilization, gestation, and birth will be included in this
unit.