Download Interactions Vocabulary - Brant Christian School

INTERACTIONS AND ECOSYSTEMS VOCABULARY REVIEW
NAME: __________________________ HOMEROOM: _______ DATE: _______
Topic A Vocabulary
Environment
Ecosystem
Nutrients
Cellular respiration
Resource partitioning
Species
Symbiosis
Mutualism
Parasitism
Predation
Competition
Adaptation
Habitat
Commensalism
1. The complex interactions between living and non-living components in an
environment is known as a(n) ________________________.
2. Both plants and animals need _____________________ such as
glucose to survive. This is more commonly known as “food”.
3. During _____________________ ______________________ , food
is converted to energy and carbon dioxide is given off as a waste
product.
4. When animals share a resource, such as bees and butterflies sharing
flowers as a nectar source, it is called ___________________
_________________.
5. When one species benefits and the other is not affected in any way, it
is called _______________________________.
6. A typical predator/prey relationship where one species benefits and
the other is harmed is called ____________________________.
7. Through __________________________, an animal or plant
adjusts to its environment through modification of its physical
characteristics. For example, cactus modified their cells to hold
large amounts of water.
8. An _______________________ is the combination of external,
physical conditions that affect and influence the growth,
development, and survival of organisms.
9. An area that allows an animal or plant to obtain all of the necessities
of life (shelter, food, etc.) is called its _____________________.
10. A __________________________ refers to a group of organisms
with similar characteristics and the ability to produce breeding
offspring.
11. When two different animals or plants are trying to dominate one
resource and force the other out, it is called
_____________________.
12. _______________________ includes all different types of
interrelationships between plants and animals.
13. When an organism harms another one in order to survive (i.e. ticks),
the relationship is called ________________________.
14. When both organisms benefit from an interrelationship, as in the
case of bees and flowers, it is called _____________________.
Topic B Vocabulary
Abiotic
Producers
Food chain
Food pyramid
Runoff
Primary or first-order consumer
Secondary or second-order consumer
Tertiary or third-order consumer
Omnivore
Scavenger
Greenhouse gas
Consumer
Food web
Matter
Water cycle
Evaporation
Condensation
Precipitation
Infiltration or percolation
Biotic
Transpiration
Photosynthesis
Evapotransporation
Carbon cycle
Acid rain
Decomposer
PCB’s
Biomagnification
15. Non-living or _____________________, and living or
_________________ components interact in an ecosystem.
16.
During the process of ____________________________, plants
take in sunlight and water and convert it to food and oxygen.
17.
_______________________ are able to make their own food while
_______________________ rely on other living things for their
food.
18. Animals that eat only animals that eat plants (i.e. a snake that eats
only mice) are called ___________________ _________________
_________________________.
19. Animals that only eat corpses of dead animals, such as maggots
feeding
off a dead bird, are called _________________________.
20. All living things become food for _________________________
after they die. These organisms act as a bridge between the biotic
and abiotic world.
21. _______________ ____________ show the direct interactions
from one producer to one consumer while _____________
__________ show the complex interactions between all organisms in
an ecosystem.
22. A ________________ ____________________ shows how energy
decreases as you go further up a food chain.
23. Water is cycled through the environment using both evaporation from
lakes and transpiration from plant leaves. This is called
_______________________________.
24. Water goes from the surface down into deeper groundwater through
the process of __________________ or __________________.
25. Some water falls on the ground and then goes directly to a large
surface body of water such as a lake. This is called
___________________.
26. Carbon dioxide in the atmosphere comes from both cellular respiration
and burning of things such as fossil fuels. This is part of how carbon
is moved through the environment in the ________________
____________________.
27. Sulfuric and nitric acid from burning fossil fuels combines with water
vapour in the atmosphere to create ___________ ___________
which is a major pollutant.
28. When a toxin such as mercury becomes more concentrated in
organisms as they move up the food chain, it is called
___________________.
29. A ____________________ or ___________-______________
consumer eats only plants and is called a herbivore.
30. _________________ is anything that has mass and takes up space.
31. It is possible that excess carbon dioxide in our atmosphere is
causing our planet to warm up. The carbon dioxide is called a
____________________ __________.
32. Water is moved through the environment in the _____________
________________. This includes __________________ (rain),
___________________ (liquid to gas), and _________________
(gas to liquid).
33. ___________ are very toxic contaminants that are often dumped
into landfills. They can come from lubricants or coolants.
34. An animal that will eat both plants and other animals is called an
_____________________.
35. ____________________ or _____________-______________
consumers eat animals that eat other carnivores, such as a hawk
eating a snake that at a mouse.
Topic C Vocabulary
Sample plot or quadrat
Niche
Succession
Primary succession
Climax community
Secondary succession
Bioinvasion
Pioneer species
36. To do a study of a large area, it is easier to mark off a smaller area
and count the organisms inside of it. This area is called a
_______________ ____________ or _______________.
37. When a species from outside of a natural environment upsets the
balance of food webs, it is called ___________________________.
38. An organism’s role (what it does, how it interacts with other
organisms) is referred to as its ____________________.
39. Succession refers to the order in which plants tend to appear when
they are colonizing an area. ________________
__________________ occurs when plants colonize an area that has
never had plants on it, while ___________________
_____________________ occurs when plants re-colonize an area
previously inhabited by other plants.
40. The first plants to colonize an area are called the _______________
_____________________ while an old, established plant community
is called a ___________________ ______________________.
Topic D Vocabulary
Unintended consequences
Insecticide
DDT
Threatened
Endangered
Extinct
Pesticide
Point of view or perspective
Scientific point of view
Economic point of view
Societal point of view
Political point of view
Ethical point of view
Ecological footprint
41. Because bats bother some people, they were often killed because
they were a nuisance. However, when the bat population
declined, the mosquito population increased dramatically since
bats ate huge numbers of the parasites. This is an
example of ____________________ ___________________.
42. There are only an estimated 100 Vancouver Island Marmots left,
meaning that they are an _________________________
species. The Carrier Pigeon is gone forever so is ______________
and the Burrowing Owl’s numbers are beginning to decline rapidly so
it is _____________________.
43. Your _______________________ _____________________ is a
measure of how environmentally friendly or unfriendly your lifestyle
is.
44. There are certain issues that have strongly divided viewpoints among
people. A viewpoint focusing on money is ____________________
while one focusing on the moral “right and wrong” is
_____________________. A view focusing on scientific research is
a ___________________ point of view. A __________________
point of view focuses on the wants of a government, and a
____________________ point of view is one that focuses on what
would benefit society as a whole.
45. A material that gets rid of unwanted pests such as weeds or
insects is called a ____________________. __________ is an
insecticide that was used in Borneo to get rid of mosquitoes but it
had disastrous results on the human population there.