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Fecal Sludge Management in Jordan Feburary 2016 Dr. Amer Al-Homoud WWTPs in Jordan OUTLINE • • • • Background Problem USG Support FSM and Handling • • • • Legal Framework Challenges Progress Questions Amman-Jordan 2 BACKGROUND • In 2004, Jordanian population was 6.5 million – that number rose to 9.5 million by 2015. • Percent population with access to improved water supply exceeds 94%. • Percent population with safe sanitation exceeds 93% (63% coverage by sewer system and 30% by other safe methods). • Jordan is reusing 91% of its treated wastewater in agriculture. 3 PROBLEM • There are approximately a half million cubic meters of biosolids that have accumulated at the As Samra WWTP – and at smaller WWTPs. 4 TWO ADJACENT FACILITIES AT EKEDER Formerly, sludge was trucked to an open lagoon system. 5 U.S. GOVERNMENT SUPPORT • Over the last 50 years, the U.S. Government (USG) supported the Government of Jordan in funding the construction of wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) and sewage connections. • With USAID support, the Prime Minister issued a directive to authorize implementation of bio-solids for restricted land application. • Bio-solids are used successfully as soil amendments for food crops, fodder crops, landscaping, and rangelands restoration in the region. 6 FSM AND HANDLING • Six options were investigated − − − − − − Mono landfill Composting Land application Incineration Gasification Cement kiln 7 LEGAL FRAMEWORK • JS 1145/2006 (Uses of Treated Sludge and Sludge Disposal) regulates the process of bio-solids management: − Treatment and production. − Storage and transportation. − Use (organic fertilizers and/or soil conditioner). − Monitoring, control, and safety. • However, JS 962/2011 (Organic Fertilizers) prohibits the production, trade, and use of organic fertilizers and soil conditioners originating from WWTP’s. 8 CHALLENGES • Policy: − Due to a 2011 directive, bio-solids cannot be used for any agriculture and/or nonagricultural application anywhere in the Kingdom. − JS962 should be aligned with JS1145. • Perception: − Cultural and religious fears - “not pure”. • History: − Trade with Gulf States affected in the past. 9 PROGRESS • National Committee on FSM formed in Dec 2014. • Mar 9 -10, 2015, a workshop was held to identify and address concerns of Jordanian stakeholders in relation to bio-solids highlighting regional and U.S. experience with bio-solids usage. • April 2015, the Technical Committee recommended that Jordan allow the use of bio-solids. • JS962/2011 should defer to JS1145:2006 regarding the use of bio-solids in restricted land application, currently under review. 10 QUESTIONS? 11