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• The process by which populations become adapted to their environments, over many generations, is called evolution by natural selection. • Natural selection is unequal survival and reproduction of organisms resulting from inherited traits or characteristics. SURVIVAL OF THE FITTEST. • • Natural selection is unequal survival and reproduction of organisms resulting from inherited traits or characteristics. SURVIVAL OF THE FITTEST. Traits or skills that are learned are not passed on to offspring. A. All organisms have the ability to produce more offspring than can survive. B. The environment is hostile and can kill organisms. C. Individuals vary, or differ, in their inherited traits. D. Some inherited traits give individuals an advantage in competition or survival. E. Individuals with inherited traits which give them an advantage have more offspring and this inherited trait becomes more numerous in the population. - Darwin’s Theory Natural selection is the process by which individuals who are better adapted to their environment are more likely to survive and reproduce than other members of the same species. - Darwin’s Theory Variations among turtles make some of them better able to survive. Turtles that survive to become adults will be able to reproduce. • • • A mutation is a change in the DNA sequence of a cell. Most mutations have no effect, but some mutations give an individual organism an advantage. These advantageous mutations may be passed on become adaptations. • An adaptation is an inherited trait that gives an organism an advantage and is passed on and becomes part of the population. • • An adaptation is an inherited trait that gives an organism an advantage and is passed on and becomes part of the population Coevolution is when two or more species evolve in response to each other. Like predator and prey – prey get better at avoiding getting eaten, so the predator have to get better at catching prey. • • • An adaptation is an inherited trait that gives an organism an advantage and is passed on and becomes part of the population Coevolution is when two or more species evolve in response to each other. Like predator and prey – prey get better at avoiding getting eaten, so the predator have to get better at catching prey. When a species cannot adapt, it disappears and becomes extinct, like dinosaurs.