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Ch. 15.1/2 Vocabulary (M definitions) Artificial Selection - a type of selective breeding where the parents are chosen to breed because of desired traits. (purebred dogs) Evolution – changes in a species as a result of natural selection. Natural Selection – the idea that the organism with the best traits survive and pass them on. Analogous Structure – a structure that serves the same purpose, yet is anatomically different. Ancestral Trait – a trait that has remained in a species over many generations. Biogeography – the study of where animal/plant fossils are found. Camouflage – the ability to blend into surroundings. Derived Trait – a trait found in a species that was not found in its ancestors. Embryo – an organism in its prebirth state. Fitness – a measure of how likely an animal is to survive and reproduce. Homologous Structure – a structure that serves different purposes yet has similar anatomical structure. Mimicry – having traits that are similar to other organisms, giving them survival advantages. Vestigial Structure – anatomical structure that is found in an organism but does not serve a purpose.