Download LS: Investigation 1, Part 1 Vocabulary cell: the basic unit of life

LS: Investigation 1, Part 1
Vocabulary
cell: the basic unit of life
oxygen: the atmospheric gas needed by most living cells
carbon dioxide: a waste gas produced by living cells
heart: a muscular organ that contracts rhythmically,
producing a pulse with each contraction
blood: a liquid tissue that flows to and from cells in
blood vessels called arteries, veins, and capillaries
chambers of the human heart: four chambers, right
atrium, right ventricle, left atrium, and left ventricle
circulatory system: includes tissues (blood and blood
vessels) and organs (heart) that transport life-support
substances to cells and removes waste.
respiratory system: includes tissues and organs (lungs)
that provide gas exchange between the blood and
atmosphere.
Content Entries
What do cells need to stay alive?
Water, food, oxygen, and waste disposal.
How do cells get the things they need to survive?
The circulatory system delivers water, sugar, and
oxygen to cells and carries waste carbon dioxide away
from cells.
What is the general path taken by blood through the
circulatory system?
From the body to the right atrium of the heart, to the
right ventricle, to the lungs, to the left atrium, to the
left ventricle into the arteries that flow into
capillaries, which are in contact with cells. Blood
returns to the heart in the veins.
LS: Investigation 1, Part 2
Vocabulary
Digestive system: disassembles food into nutrients that cells can use
Mouth and teeth: moisten and crush food before it moves through
the esophagus to the stomach
Digestive Juices: release nutrients into the bloodstream along with
the help of the stomach, small intestine, and large intestine
Colon: compacts and dehydrates food waste
Kidney: filters cellular waste from the blood and turns it into urine
which is stored in the bladder
Content Entries
How do cells in humans get the nutrients they need?
The digestive system reduces food to nutrients. Nutrients pass out of the
digestive system into the blood stream for transport to all the cells.
How does the digestive system work?
Physical and chemical processes break complex food into simple
substances as it progresses from the mouth through the esophagus to
the stomach, small intestine, large intestine, and colon.
How are cellular wastes removed from the blood?
Blood filters through the kidneys, which remove cellular wastes, convert
them into urine, and store them in the bladder.
WP: Investigation 2, Part 1
Vocabulary
Cross section: cuts across an object and exposes its
internal structure
Vascular plant: a multicellular plant that has vessels for
transporting water, minerals, and sugar to all its cells
Xylem: tubes to transport water and minerals to cells
Phloem: tubes to transport sugar to cells
Sap: sugar-rich liquid flowing in the phloem
Content Entries
What structures do vascular plants have for
transporting water?
Internal tubes called xylem carry water and minerals
from plant’s roots to its leaves.
What structures do vascular plants have for
transporting sugar?
Internal tubes called phloem carry sugar-rich sap
from a plant’s cells that produce sugar to its cells that
do not produce sugar.
WP: Investigation 2, Part 2
Vocabulary
classify: how scientists put things into groups by similar
properties or behavior
Classifications of vascular plants’ leaves: palmate,
pinnate, parallel
Content Entries
How do scientists organize objects and information?
Scientists classify things by putting them in groups
(classes) based on similar properties and behaviors.
WP: Investigation 3, Part 1
Vocabulary
food: the source of energy and building materials for
living cells
photosynthesis: a chemical process in which cells
produce energy-rich sugar molecules and release oxygen
fat and protein: groups of nutrients that provide energy
and building blocks for growth and development
mass: a quantity of matter
sunlight: solar energy from the sun
starches: chemicals produced by plants to store food
molecule: a particle made of two or more atoms. A
sugar molecule is made of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen
atoms
Content Entries
What is photosynthesis?
Photosynthesis is the process in which sugar (food) is
made from carbon dioxide, water, and solar energy,
and oxygen is released.
WP: Investigation 3, Part 2
Vocabulary
yeast: a single celled organism
cellular respiration: the process by which plant and
animal cells break down sugar to get energy, releasing
carbon dioxide in the process
Content Entries
What is cellular respiration?
Cellular respiration is the process by which plant and
animal cells break down sugar to get energy, releasing
carbon dioxide in the process.