Download Lab 12

Putman’s Biol 160 Lab 12: Ecology at Point Defiance Zoo and Aquarium
Biol 160
Lab 12: Ecology at the Pt.
Defiance Zoo and Aquarium
Prelab (5 points)
Name: ___________________________________
Date: ________________ Lab Section: ________
~Complete this prelab before coming to lab; it is due at the beginning of lab!
1. If I-5 is running smoothly, it takes about 45 minutes to get from Fort Lewis to the Point
Defiance Zoo & Aquarium. Knowing this, what time will you have to leave to get to the
facility on time? 
2. What is a scientific reason for recording only what you observe, not what you think you
should have observed?
3. Using your text or other source, define the following terms, in your own words:
a. Photoautotroph
b. Herbivore
c. Carnivore
d. Omnivore
e. Suspension (Filter) Feeder
f. Substrate feeder
g. Fluid feeder
h. Saprophyte
i. Parasite
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Putman’s Biol 160 Lab 12: Ecology at Point Defiance Zoo and Aquarium
4. Using your text or other source, define the following term, in your own words:
a. Brackish water
5. What kind of adaptations (structural or behavioral) might help an organism (plant, animal or
other) obtain food? (Name and explain three.)
6. What kind of adaptations (structural or behavioral) might help an organism (plant, animal or
other) avoid predation? (Name and explain three.)
7. What kind of adaptations (structural or behavioral) might help an organism (plant, animal or
other) reproduce? (Name and explain three.)
12.2
Putman’s Biol 160 Lab 12: Ecology at Point Defiance Zoo and Aquarium
Biol 160
Lab 12: Ecology at the Pt.
Defiance Zoo and Aquarium
Lab Report (20 points)
Name: ___________________________________
Date: ________________ Lab Section: ________
READ THIS FIRST!



Bring this lab handout to the Point Defiance Zoo and Aquarium. You MUST answer
questions WHILE you are observing your organism to receive credit! (Not sometime after!)
You MUST attach your admissions ticket to the Point Defiance Zoo and Aquarium to this lab
report to obtain credit for this lab! (Or get your instructor’s signature.)
Caution:
1. Teleological statements will cost you a point.
2. This lab is about YOUR observations. If you want to include something you did NOT
observe, state its source! If you write down something you did not observe as your own
observation, it will cost you a point!
GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS

Observe five or more unrelated species (plant or animal) for at least 20 minutes each. At least
two species must be wholly aquatic (marine or freshwater), at least one species must be
terrestrial but closely associated to the marine or fresh water environment, at least two
species must be wholly terrestrial and not closely associated to the marine or freshwater
environment, and at least one species must be a plant (or photoautotroph).

You may NOT write down information from books or other sources as your observations; if
you wish to include some information you did not observe, cite the source! Do not write
down observations hours after you made them; you must record your observations while you
are making those observations in order for them to be scientifically accurate!

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Answer the following about each species:
Scientific name of the species (if given)
Kingdom and phylum of species (you look this up later)
Common name of species
Habitat (describe as fully as you can where the organism lives).
Trophic classification of organism (see checklist).
Adaptations (structures or behaviors) observed that might help the organism obtain food.
EXPLAIN FULLY! (You MUST observe these adaptations YOURSELF; if, after 20
minutes, you have observed no adaptations in this area, write “not observed.”)
7. Adaptations (structures or behaviors) observed that might help the organism avoid predation.
EXPLAIN FULLY! (You MUST observe these adaptations YOURSELF; if, after 20
minutes, you have observed no adaptations in this area, write “not observed.”)
8. Adaptations (structures or behaviors) that might help the organism reproduce? EXPLAIN
FULLY! (You MUST observe these adaptations YOURSELF; if, after 20 minutes, you have
observed no adaptations in this area, write “not observed.”)
9. Other interesting or significant adaptations or behaviors.
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Putman’s Biol 160 Lab 12: Ecology at Point Defiance Zoo and Aquarium
ORGANISM #1
1. Scientific name (if given):
2. Kingdom and phylum of species (you look this up later):
3. Common name of species
4. Observed Habitat (describe as fully as you can where the organism lives).
 Marine
 Freshwater
 Brackish water
 Mostly terrestrial, but associated with water
 Wholly terrestrial
 Other. Explain: ____________________________________________________
Description: __________________________________________________________
5. Trophic classification of organism. Check all that seem to apply!
 Photoautotroph
 Substrate feeder
 Herbivore
 Fluid feeder
 Carnivore
 Saprophyte
 Omnivore
 Parasite
 Suspension (Filter) Feeder
 Other
If you checked other, explain: _______________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
6. What adaptations (structures or behaviors) do you observe that might help the organism
obtain food? EXPLAIN FULLY! (You MUST observe these adaptations YOURSELF; if,
after 20 minutes, you have observed no adaptations in this area, write “not observed.”)
12.4
Putman’s Biol 160 Lab 12: Ecology at Point Defiance Zoo and Aquarium
7. What adaptations (structures or behaviors) do you observe that might help the organism
avoid predation? EXPLAIN FULLY! (You MUST observe these adaptations YOURSELF;
if, after 20 minutes, you have observed no adaptations in this area, write “not observed.”)
8. What adaptations (structures or behaviors) do you observe that might help the organism
reproduce? EXPLAIN FULLY! (You MUST observe these adaptations YOURSELF; if, after
20 minutes, you have observed no adaptations in this area, write “not observed.”)
9. Are there any other interesting or significant adaptations or behaviors that YOU actually
observed? How are they significant? Explain fully!
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Putman’s Biol 160 Lab 12: Ecology at Point Defiance Zoo and Aquarium
ORGANISM #2
1. Scientific name (if given):
2. Kingdom and phylum of species (you look this up later):
3. Common name of species
4. Observed Habitat (describe as fully as you can where the organism lives).
 Marine
 Freshwater
 Brackish water
 Mostly terrestrial, but associated with water
 Wholly terrestrial
 Other. Explain: ____________________________________________________
Description: __________________________________________________________
5. Trophic classification of organism. Check all that seem to apply!
 Photoautotroph
 Substrate feeder
 Herbivore
 Fluid feeder
 Carnivore
 Saprophyte
 Omnivore
 Parasite
 Suspension (Filter) Feeder
 Other
If you checked other, explain: _______________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
6. What adaptations (structures or behaviors) do you observe that might help the organism
obtain food? EXPLAIN FULLY! (You MUST observe these adaptations YOURSELF; if,
after 20 minutes, you have observed no adaptations in this area, write “not observed.”)
12.6
Putman’s Biol 160 Lab 12: Ecology at Point Defiance Zoo and Aquarium
7. What adaptations (structures or behaviors) do you observe that might help the organism
avoid predation? EXPLAIN FULLY! (You MUST observe these adaptations YOURSELF;
if, after 20 minutes, you have observed no adaptations in this area, write “not observed.”)
8. What adaptations (structures or behaviors) do you observe that might help the organism
reproduce? EXPLAIN FULLY! (You MUST observe these adaptations YOURSELF; if, after
20 minutes, you have observed no adaptations in this area, write “not observed.”)
9. Are there any other interesting or significant adaptations or behaviors that YOU actually
observed? How are they significant? Explain fully!
12.7
Putman’s Biol 160 Lab 12: Ecology at Point Defiance Zoo and Aquarium
ORGANISM #3
1. Scientific name (if given):
2. Kingdom and phylum of species (you look this up later):
3. Common name of species
4. Observed Habitat (describe as fully as you can where the organism lives).
 Marine
 Freshwater
 Brackish water
 Mostly terrestrial, but associated with water
 Wholly terrestrial
 Other. Explain: ____________________________________________________
Description: __________________________________________________________
5. Trophic classification of organism. Check all that seem to apply!
 Photoautotroph
 Substrate feeder
 Herbivore
 Fluid feeder
 Carnivore
 Saprophyte
 Omnivore
 Parasite
 Suspension (Filter) Feeder
 Other
If you checked other, explain: _______________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
6. What adaptations (structures or behaviors) do you observe that might help the organism
obtain food? EXPLAIN FULLY! (You MUST observe these adaptations YOURSELF; if,
after 20 minutes, you have observed no adaptations in this area, write “not observed.”)
12.8
Putman’s Biol 160 Lab 12: Ecology at Point Defiance Zoo and Aquarium
7. What adaptations (structures or behaviors) do you observe that might help the organism
avoid predation? EXPLAIN FULLY! (You MUST observe these adaptations YOURSELF;
if, after 20 minutes, you have observed no adaptations in this area, write “not observed.”)
8. What adaptations (structures or behaviors) do you observe that might help the organism
reproduce? EXPLAIN FULLY! (You MUST observe these adaptations YOURSELF; if, after
20 minutes, you have observed no adaptations in this area, write “not observed.”)
9. Are there any other interesting or significant adaptations or behaviors that YOU actually
observed? How are they significant? Explain fully!
12.9
Putman’s Biol 160 Lab 12: Ecology at Point Defiance Zoo and Aquarium
ORGANISM #4
1. Scientific name (if given):
2. Kingdom and phylum of species (you look this up later):
3. Common name of species
4. Observed Habitat (describe as fully as you can where the organism lives).
 Marine
 Freshwater
 Brackish water
 Mostly terrestrial, but associated with water
 Wholly terrestrial
 Other. Explain: ____________________________________________________
Description: __________________________________________________________
5. Trophic classification of organism. Check all that seem to apply!
 Photoautotroph
 Substrate feeder
 Herbivore
 Fluid feeder
 Carnivore
 Saprophyte
 Omnivore
 Parasite
 Suspension (Filter) Feeder
 Other
If you checked other, explain: _______________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
6. What adaptations (structures or behaviors) do you observe that might help the organism
obtain food? EXPLAIN FULLY! (You MUST observe these adaptations YOURSELF; if,
after 20 minutes, you have observed no adaptations in this area, write “not observed.”)
12.10
Putman’s Biol 160 Lab 12: Ecology at Point Defiance Zoo and Aquarium
7. What adaptations (structures or behaviors) do you observe that might help the organism
avoid predation? EXPLAIN FULLY! (You MUST observe these adaptations YOURSELF;
if, after 20 minutes, you have observed no adaptations in this area, write “not observed.”)
8. What adaptations (structures or behaviors) do you observe that might help the organism
reproduce? EXPLAIN FULLY! (You MUST observe these adaptations YOURSELF; if, after
20 minutes, you have observed no adaptations in this area, write “not observed.”)
9. Are there any other interesting or significant adaptations or behaviors that YOU actually
observed? How are they significant? Explain fully!
12.11
Putman’s Biol 160 Lab 12: Ecology at Point Defiance Zoo and Aquarium
ORGANISM #5
1. Scientific name (if given):
2. Kingdom and phylum of species (you look this up later):
3. Common name of species
4. Observed Habitat (describe as fully as you can where the organism lives).
 Marine
 Freshwater
 Brackish water
 Mostly terrestrial, but associated with water
 Wholly terrestrial
 Other. Explain: ____________________________________________________
Description: __________________________________________________________
5. Trophic classification of organism. Check all that seem to apply!
 Photoautotroph
 Substrate feeder
 Herbivore
 Fluid feeder
 Carnivore
 Saprophyte
 Omnivore
 Parasite
 Suspension (Filter) Feeder
 Other
If you checked other, explain: _______________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
6. What adaptations (structures or behaviors) do you observe that might help the organism
obtain food? EXPLAIN FULLY! (You MUST observe these adaptations YOURSELF; if,
after 20 minutes, you have observed no adaptations in this area, write “not observed.”)
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Putman’s Biol 160 Lab 12: Ecology at Point Defiance Zoo and Aquarium
7. What adaptations (structures or behaviors) do you observe that might help the organism
avoid predation? EXPLAIN FULLY! (You MUST observe these adaptations YOURSELF;
if, after 20 minutes, you have observed no adaptations in this area, write “not observed.”)
8. What adaptations (structures or behaviors) do you observe that might help the organism
reproduce? EXPLAIN FULLY! (You MUST observe these adaptations YOURSELF; if, after
20 minutes, you have observed no adaptations in this area, write “not observed.”)
9. Are there any other interesting or significant adaptations or behaviors that YOU actually
observed? How are they significant? Explain fully!
12.13
Putman’s Biol 160 Lab 12: Ecology at Point Defiance Zoo and Aquarium
ORGANISM #6 [3 points extra credit]
1. Scientific name (if given):
2. Kingdom and phylum of species (you look this up later):
3. Common name of species
4. Observed Habitat (describe as fully as you can where the organism lives).
 Marine
 Freshwater
 Brackish water
 Mostly terrestrial, but associated with water
 Wholly terrestrial
 Other. Explain: ____________________________________________________
Description: __________________________________________________________
5. Trophic classification of organism. Check all that seem to apply!
 Photoautotroph
 Substrate feeder
 Herbivore
 Fluid feeder
 Carnivore
 Saprophyte
 Omnivore
 Parasite
 Suspension (Filter) Feeder
 Other
If you checked other, explain: _______________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
6. What adaptations (structures or behaviors) do you observe that might help the organism
obtain food? EXPLAIN FULLY! (You MUST observe these adaptations YOURSELF; if,
after 20 minutes, you have observed no adaptations in this area, write “not observed.”)
12.14
Putman’s Biol 160 Lab 12: Ecology at Point Defiance Zoo and Aquarium
7. What adaptations (structures or behaviors) do you observe that might help the organism
avoid predation? EXPLAIN FULLY! (You MUST observe these adaptations YOURSELF;
if, after 20 minutes, you have observed no adaptations in this area, write “not observed.”)
8. What adaptations (structures or behaviors) do you observe that might help the organism
reproduce? EXPLAIN FULLY! (You MUST observe these adaptations YOURSELF; if, after
20 minutes, you have observed no adaptations in this area, write “not observed.”)
9. Are there any other interesting or significant adaptations or behaviors that YOU actually
observed? How are they significant? Explain fully!
12.15
Putman’s Biol 160 Lab 12: Ecology at Point Defiance Zoo and Aquarium
ORGANISM #7 [3 points extra credit]
1. Scientific name (if given):
2. Kingdom and phylum of species (you look this up later):
3. Common name of species
4. Observed Habitat (describe as fully as you can where the organism lives).
 Marine
 Freshwater
 Brackish water
 Mostly terrestrial, but associated with water
 Wholly terrestrial
 Other. Explain: ____________________________________________________
Description: __________________________________________________________
5. Trophic classification of organism. Check all that seem to apply!
 Photoautotroph
 Substrate feeder
 Herbivore
 Fluid feeder
 Carnivore
 Saprophyte
 Omnivore
 Parasite
 Suspension (Filter) Feeder
 Other
If you checked other, explain: _______________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
6. What adaptations (structures or behaviors) do you observe that might help the organism
obtain food? EXPLAIN FULLY! (You MUST observe these adaptations YOURSELF; if,
after 20 minutes, you have observed no adaptations in this area, write “not observed.”)
12.16
Putman’s Biol 160 Lab 12: Ecology at Point Defiance Zoo and Aquarium
7. What adaptations (structures or behaviors) do you observe that might help the organism
avoid predation? EXPLAIN FULLY! (You MUST observe these adaptations YOURSELF;
if, after 20 minutes, you have observed no adaptations in this area, write “not observed.”)
8. What adaptations (structures or behaviors) do you observe that might help the organism
reproduce? EXPLAIN FULLY! (You MUST observe these adaptations YOURSELF; if, after
20 minutes, you have observed no adaptations in this area, write “not observed.”)
9. Are there any other interesting or significant adaptations or behaviors that YOU actually
observed? How are they significant? Explain fully!
12.17
Putman’s Biol 160 Lab 12: Ecology at Point Defiance Zoo and Aquarium
ORGANISM #8 [3 points extra credit]
1. Scientific name (if given):
2. Kingdom and phylum of species (you look this up later):
3. Common name of species
4. Observed Habitat (describe as fully as you can where the organism lives).
 Marine
 Freshwater
 Brackish water
 Mostly terrestrial, but associated with water
 Wholly terrestrial
 Other. Explain: ____________________________________________________
Description: __________________________________________________________
5. Trophic classification of organism. Check all that seem to apply!
 Photoautotroph
 Substrate feeder
 Herbivore
 Fluid feeder
 Carnivore
 Saprophyte
 Omnivore
 Parasite
 Suspension (Filter) Feeder
 Other
If you checked other, explain: _______________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
6. What adaptations (structures or behaviors) do you observe that might help the organism
obtain food? EXPLAIN FULLY! (You MUST observe these adaptations YOURSELF; if,
after 20 minutes, you have observed no adaptations in this area, write “not observed.”)
12.18
Putman’s Biol 160 Lab 12: Ecology at Point Defiance Zoo and Aquarium
7. What adaptations (structures or behaviors) do you observe that might help the organism
avoid predation? EXPLAIN FULLY! (You MUST observe these adaptations YOURSELF;
if, after 20 minutes, you have observed no adaptations in this area, write “not observed.”)
8. What adaptations (structures or behaviors) do you observe that might help the organism
reproduce? EXPLAIN FULLY! (You MUST observe these adaptations YOURSELF; if, after
20 minutes, you have observed no adaptations in this area, write “not observed.”)
9. Are there any other interesting or significant adaptations or behaviors that YOU actually
observed? How are they significant? Explain fully!
12.19