Download Chapter 10 Review Sheet

Chapter 10 Review Sheet Answer the following questions on a separate sheet of paper Chapter 10 1. What is sectionalism? Division between parts of the U.S. that created economic and political problems 2. What physical obstacle hindered builders of the Cumberland Road? The Appalachian Mountains 3. What was the primary goal of Henry Clay’s American System? To connect all parts of the U.S., which would enhance trade and help businesses to grow 4. What was the cause of the rising sense of nationalism that occurred in America in the early 1800s? The Era of Good Feelings 5. The Cumberland Road was the first road to what? The Midwest farming towns and eventually the Mississippi River 6. How did nominating conventions contribute to the expansion of democracy in the 1820s? Allowed more people to express their opinion of who should run for president 7. Who did not benefit from the expansion of voting rights in the 1820s? Women and African-­‐Americans 8. How did the expansion of voting rights in the early 1820s affect the Election of 1828? It helped Jackson win by a large margin and forced candidates to start campaigning to get people’s vote 9. How did Andrew Jackson reward some of his supporters? Through the Spoils system with federal jobs 10. In the early 1800s, Northerners supported tariffs because they helped them compete with what? British manufacturing 11. What were some of the reasons Southerners opposed the tariffs in the early 1800s? It made things they bought more expensive and viewed it as only hurting the South 12. What was the Nullification Crisis? The crisis arose in the early 1830s when leaders of South Carolina upset with the tariff advanced the idea that a state did not have to follow a federal law and could, in effect, "nullify" (nullify means cancel) the law. 13. How did President Jackson react to Vice President John C. Calhoun’s views on nullification? He forced him to resign as Vice President 14. What ruling did the Supreme Court make in the case of McCulloch v. Maryland? That states cannot tax federal institutions like the National Bank 15. What was the Bureau of Indian Affairs? A federal agency setup to help the Native Americans and handle their issues 16. Where was the Indian Territory? Oklahoma 17. Who benefited most from Jackson’s plan to remove American Indians to the West? Southern White farmers 18. How did the Cherokee people resist removal to Indian Territory? Some went to war and others tried to become civilized and went to court 19. What did the Supreme Court rule in Worcester v. Georgia? The Cherokee people were a recognized nation of people and couldn’t be forced off their land 20. How did Jackson react to the Supreme Court ruling of Worcester v. Georgia? Told the Supreme Court to enforce their ruling 21. Describe the “Trail of Tears”. Forced march of Native Americans from their home to Oklahoma, which cost over 1000 lives and the people, endured horrible conditions 22. Which group did Osceola lead against US troops? The Seminoles 23. What do supporters of the states rights’ doctrine believe? That the states have to right to nullify laws they deem to be wrong, since the United States a group of states agreeing to a treaty but still independent states. 24. What kind of policies did Westerners support during Jackson’s presidency? The same policies as Northerners 25. What would a Republican(Southern) have nicknamed Andrew Jackson? King Andrew 26. Describe the Era of Good Feelings under President James Monroe. A time of economic growth and very little unrest in the United States 27. What were the powers of the Second Bank of United States? What was the opposition? Nicholas Biddle was the president of the bank and controlled the flow of currency. It was controlled and only supported northern businessmen and it was unconstitutional 28. Identify Martin Van Buren and Sequoyah. MVB: President after Jackson, founder of the Democratic Party; Sequoyah: creator of Cherokee language 29. How was the Election of 1824 decided? A “Corrupt Baragin” 30. What was the spoils system? A system to reward support for Jackson by giving people positions in the federal government 31. What is Jacksonian Democracy? It was the political movement toward greater democracy (increase voting rights) for the common man. 32. Why did South Carolina’s leaders threaten secession? Because Jackson said they couldn’t nullify the tariff and he wouldn’t get rid of the tariff. 33. How did Jackson ‘kill” the Second Bank of the United States? He vetoed the new contract to keep the bank going