Download Jackson Era Part 2 Chapter 7 Section 5

Jackson Era Part 2
Chapter 7 Section 5
Objectives
• Evaluate the significance of the debate
over tariffs and the idea of nullification.
• Summarize the key events of the
conflict over the second Bank of the
United States in the 1830s.
• Analyze the political environment in the
United States after Andrew Jackson.
Dispute Over Tariffs
• In 1828, Congress
passed a high
protective tariff.
• The goal was to
promote industry,
but the tariff raised
the prices farmers
had to pay for goods.
• Southerners called
it the Tariff of
Abominations.
Nullification Crisis
• Vice-President John
Calhoun argued that
the Federal
government wouldn’t
exist without the
states, so the states
could nullify an act of
Congress..
Resolution
• Andrew Jackson
agreed to gradually
lower the tariff.
• South Carolina didn’t
secede
• Crisis averted, for
now….
Despite his opposition to nullification,
Jackson generally supported the
agricultural South.
• His ideal was an agrarian republic in which almost all
white men owned farms and enjoyed a rough equality.
• Industrialization and the growing class of wage earning
factory workers made his ideal unrealistic.
• The expanding gap between rich factory owners and
poor workers became troubling to many Americans.
Battle for the Bank
Jacksonian Democrats
• Felt the second
Bank symbolized
“money power.”
• Believed the new
business economy
encouraged
corruption.
• Opposed policies
they felt enriched
business at the
expense of farmers
and workers.
Business Leaders
• Believed the
second Bank
was necessary
to maintain a
stable supply of
currency.
• In 1832, Congress
voted to renew the
Bank’s charter.
• Jackson vetoed the
charter renewal.
• The “Bank War”
strengthened
Jackson’s popularity
with ordinary
Americans and
helped him win
reelection in 1832.
This cartoon shows Jackson using a
veto to slay a monster representing
the Bank and its supporters.
Whig Party
• The Whigs were formed
by opponents of Andrew
Jackson.
• Whigs favored a strong
federal government,
broad interpretation of the
Constitution, protective
tariffs, internal
improvements, and moral
reform.
Election of 1836
• Martin Van Buren of
New York, Jackson’s
handpicked successor,
won the election of
1836.
• Jackson’s policies left
Van Buren with a
financial mess
• No National Bank led
to rising inflation and a
depression.
Panic of 1837
• The government
stopped accepting
paper money for land
purchases, leading to
a sudden drop in land
values.
• People lost their
homes and went
bankrupt.
Election of 1840
• Panic of 1837 hurt
Van Buren’s
popularity.
• War hero William
Henry Harrison won
the election easily.
John Tyler
• Harrison died 30 days
after his inauguration.
• His VP John Tyler
took over.
• Tyler rejected Whig
policies.