Survey
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Download KEY TERMS Charlemagne medieval Byzantine Empire manor serf
Document related concepts
Medieval technology wikipedia , lookup
Post-classical history wikipedia , lookup
Migration Period wikipedia , lookup
European science in the Middle Ages wikipedia , lookup
Late Middle Ages wikipedia , lookup
Early Middle Ages wikipedia , lookup
Christianity in the 9th century wikipedia , lookup
Christianity in the 13th century wikipedia , lookup
History of Christianity during the Middle Ages wikipedia , lookup
Transcript
Name ________________________________________ Chapter 10 Reading Guide Christian Europe Emerges, 300-1200 KEY TERMS Charlemagne medieval Byzantine Empire manor serf fief vassal papacy schism Holy Roman Empire Investiture controversy monasticism Kievan Russia horse collar Crusades pilgrimage EARLY MEDIEVAL EUROPE, 300-1000 What supplanted the law of Rome after its fall to Germanic tribes? What became a hallmark of the post-Roman period in western Europe? From Roman Empire to Germanic Kingdoms Why were the Roman emperors Diocletian and Constantine most concerned with preserving power in their Eastern territories? Although Rome lost political significance, in what way did it remain important? Although Muslims conquered Spain, their advance into western Europe was stopped where and by what leader? What happened to Charlemagne’s empire after his death? Who brought Norman rule to England in 1066? A Self-Sufficient Economy List some ways western Europe changed as Roman leaders were replaced with Germanic kingdoms. Why did western Europe have to become self-sufficient? Why did common farmers give their lands to large landowners? What did a well-appointed manor contain? Early Medieval Society Describe what has traditionally been called “feudal society.” How did the stirrup change warfare? Why did kings and nobles begin to reward armed service with grants of land? What was the source of governance and justice in most areas? What were the important issues to be considered in choosing a spouse for one’s son or daughter? THE WESTERN CHURCH The Structure of Christian Faith What was the purpose of the church hierarchy? Why were charges of heresy important to ordinary people (even when they couldn’t understand the theological issues)? What is the difference between orthopraxy and orthodoxy? Politics and the Church What was the relationship between the pope and leaders like Charlemagne? The investiture controversy represented what broader conflict? What treaty ended the investiture controversy? What legal reforms were made by Henry II of England? List the 3 legal traditions that competed in Western Europe. Monasticism What three vows were the basis of Benedictine rule? Name some of the functions of monasteries and nunneries. What influence did the Cluniac movement have? Shaping European Society What types of occupations did Western European Jews usually choose? What new civilization did Christianity forge in Western Europe? THE BYZANTINE EMPIRE Describe the caesaropapism of The Byzantine rulers. Church and State How were the pope in Rome and the patriarch in Constantinople selected differently? What permanently reduced the power of the Byzantine Empire? What caused the formal schism between the Latin and Orthodox Churches? Society and Urban Life How did the role of women change in the Byzantine empire from earlier Roman times? From 1204 to 1453 what was the Byzantine empire? Cultural Achievements What are the two most important achievements of the Byzantine emperor Justinian? For what are Cyril and Methodius known? KIEVAN RUSSIA, 900-1200 What became the center of Orthodox Christianity after the fall of Byzantium? Who were the Varingians? The Rise of the Kievan State To what did Rus refer? Why did Vladimir I want to choose a new religion? Why did he ultimately choose Orthodox Christianity? How did he further solidify his connection with the Byzantines? Society and Culture How did Kievan rulers get the money they needed to pay their soldiers? WESTERN EUROPE REVIVES The Role of Technology What contributed to the emergence of the horse as western Europe’s primary work animal? Cities and the Rebirth of Trade Most early independent cities in Western Europe arose in what two areas? What attracted migrants from the countryside to cities? The Crusades What was the touted purpose of the Crusades? List two factors that influenced the Crusades. What did Pope Urban II call on Christians to do in 1095? What did Urban promise crusaders? What was an impact of the Crusades on western Europe?
