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The Byzantine Empire and Russia
I. The Byzantine Empire
A. Roman emperor Constantine rebuilt Byzantium and
renamed it Constantinople.
1. Eastern Roman empire became known as Byzantine
empire.
2. Constantinople controlled key trade routes.
B. Justinian’s Code
1. Justinian ruled from 527 to 565.
2. Justinian’s Code organized laws of Rome.
C. Byzantine Christianity
1. Emperor controlled Church affairs.
2. Controversies caused a schism.
D. Byzantine heritage
1. Blended Christian beliefs with Greek science,
philosophy, and arts
2. Scholars from the East brought Greek culture to the
West.
II. The Rise of Russia
A. Slavs lived in Ukraine during Roman times.
B. Vikings began to travel on Russian rivers in the 700s
and 800s.
C. Kiev in Ukraine became trade center and center of first
Russian state.
D. Missionaries developed a new alphabet to translate
Bible.
E. The Mongol conquest cut Russia off from Western
Europe.
F. Rise of Moscow
1. Princes of Moscow gained power and defeated
Mongols.
2. Ivan the Great took the title of tsar.
3. Ivan the Terrible established absolute power.
III. Shaping Eastern Europe
A. Many ethnic groups settled in Eastern Europe.
B. Many kingdoms and small states arose, including
Poland, Hungary, and Serbia.
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