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HERE WE ARE! We are students coming from the scientific high school of Lodi, “Gandini”. We join in this project called “C.L.I.L.”, trying to teach you something about EVOLUTION. by: Lisa,Matilde,Giulia,Amina,Mattia,Danilo,Samuele,Alessandro,A gostino C.L.I.L. project What does C.L.I.L. mean ? Content Language Integrated Learning The Achievements Science in English Improve your English Learn about evolution, natural selection and darwinism is a change in the genetic composition of population during successive generations, often resulting in the development of new species. MUTATION TRAIT HABITAT SURVIVAL GENE IT’S A PART OF A CELL THAT IS PASSED FROM GENERATION TO GENERATION AND THAT CONTROLS REPRODUCTION IT IS THE PROCESS OF PRODUCING A NEW ORGANISM HERITABLE ALL THE CHARACTERISTICS CAN BE PASSED FROM PARENTS TO A CHILD THROUGH THE GENES SURVIVAL CONTINUING TO LIVE ALTHOUGH DANGEROUS SITUATIONS MUTATIO N THE WAY IN WHICH GENES CHANGE AND PRODUCE PERMANENT DIFFERENCES SPECIES A GROUP OF PLANTS OR ANIMALS THAT ARE THE SAME IN SOME WAY TRAITS A PARTICULAR CHARACTERISTIC THAT CAN PRODUCE A PARTICULAR TYPE OF BEHAVIOUR HABITAT THE NATURAL EnVIRONMENT IN WHICH AN ORGANISM USUALLY LIVES D N A A NUCLEIC ACID THAT CARRIES THE GENETIC INFORMATION IN CELLS. IT CONSISTS of TWO LONG CHAINS OF NUCLEOTIDES WITH COMPLEMENTARy BASES, -ADENINE AND THYMINE -CYTOSINE AND GUANINE THE GENETIC CODE THE TRIPLETS FORMED BY NUCLEOTIDES ARE THE BASE OF THE GENETIC CODE. THIS CODE IS USED TO TRANSLATE GENETIC MATERIAL INTO PROTEINS. GENOTYPE and PHENOTYPE WHICH IS THE DIFFERENCE? GENOTYPE GENE PHENOTYPE ALLEL = a member of genes that controls one specific trait on the chromosome GENOTYPE: The entire set of genes in an organism. It is your complete heritable genetic identity. PHENOTYPE: The appearance of an organism resulting from the interaction of the genotype and the environment. «THEORY OF INHERITANCE OF ACQUIRED CHARACTERISTICS» An organism changes during his life and those changes, made by what they want or need, are passed on to its offspring What about his theory? Jean-Baptiste Lamarck Beings evolve following thier necessity to adapt to different environnement conditions To adapt themselves, beings develope the use of specific organs Species modify their features to transmit them to the prole The best example of Lamarck’s theory is about giraffes. Lamarck believed that giraffes stretched their necks to reach food. Their offspring and later generations inherited the resulting long necks. • From 1831-1836, a young naturalist called Charles Darwin toured the world in HMS Beagle. • He was surprised by the amazing diversity of life and started to wonder how it might have originated THEORY OF EVOLUTION BY DARWIN It consisted of two points: 1. Evolution is the process by which a group of animals descended from one or a few common ancestors 2. The mechanism by which this evolution take place is called natural selection Natural Selection This exemple teaches the meaning of Darwin’s natural selection. The birds with better beack, alive. The birds with a worse beak, die. So only the birds with better beack, still alive; other birds, will extinguish The tree of life is a metaphor used to describe the relationship between organisms both living and extinct.