Download Prepositions - Nutley Public Schools

English 7 Parts of Speech Review
Parts of Speech
Quick Review
Nouns
Interjections
Adjectives
Conjunctions
Word that names
 A Person
A
Place
 A Thing
 An Idea
Kinds of Nouns
CONCRETE NOUNS are nouns that
you can see, hear, touch, smell, or
taste.
ABSTRACT NOUNS are nouns that you cannot
see, hear, touch, smell, or taste. They are ideas,
qualities, and feelings that cannot be seen or
touched.
A COMMON NOUN names a general person, place,
thing, or idea. It does not refer to something
specific.
A PROPER NOUN names a specific person, place,
thing, or idea. It refers to a NAME of a noun.
A word that expresses action or
otherwise helps to make a statement
Action
“be” verbs
&
taste
feel
sound
look
appear
become
seem
grow
remain
stay
Every sentence must
have
a
Kinds of Verbs
 Action verbs express
mental or physical
action.
He rode the horse to
victory.
 Linking verbs make
a statement by
connecting the
subject with a word
that describes or
explains it.
He has been sick.
The pronoun is a word used to replace one or more nouns.
It may stand for a person, place, thing, or idea.
Personal Pronouns
I, me, my, mine
you, your, yours
she, her, hers,
it, its
we, us, our, ours
they, them, their,
theirs
myself
yourself
Modifies or describes a
noun or pronoun.
Did you lose your address
book?
Is that a wool sweater?
Just give me five minutes.
Answers these
questions:
Modifies or describes
a verb, an adjective,
or another adverb.
Answers the questions:
He ran quickly.
She left yesterday.
We went there.
It was too hot!
To what degree or how much?
What is a preposition?
 A preposition is one of the eight parts of
speech. It shows the relationship between a
noun/pronoun and another word in the
sentence.
 Prepositions are usually short words, but
some prepositions have a couple words in
them.
 There are over 60 common prepositions. You
will need to familiarize yourself with all of
them.
Some Common Prepositions
aboard
about
above
across
after
against
along
among
around
at
before
behind
below
beneath
beside
between
beyond
by
down
during
except
for
from
in
into
like
of
off
on
over
past
since
through
throughout
to
toward
under
underneath
until
up
upon
with
within
without
Let’s
Practice…..
{See packet}
What follows the
preposition?
 The noun(s) or pronoun(s) that follow(s) the
preposition is/are called the object(s) of the
preposition.
 Usually there is an article or other adjective that
comes before the object.
 For example, find the preposition in this
sentence.
 The dog is chewing on his bone.
 Now find the object of the preposition.
What is a prepositional phrase?
 Prepositional Phrases: includes a preposition,
the object of the preposition, and any
modifiers of that object.
 There will never be a VERB in a prepositional
phrase.
 Preposition: Use list as a reminder
 Modifiers: Usually adjectives; they describe or explain
the object.
 Object of Preposition: Always a noun or pronoun
 The dog is chewing on his bone and collar.
 The dog is chewing (on his bone and collar).
 The preposition “ON” is showing the relationship
between the noun “DOG” and the object BONE.
 There can be more than one object of a
preposition.
 For example, what is the prepositional phrase in
this sentence?
 The children are inside the classroom.
The preposition
never stands alone!
noun
preposition
pronoun
object of
preposition
MODIFIERS
preposition
object
It happened (during [the last] examination).
EXAMPLES:
Let’s sit under the
umbrella.
[prep] [mod.] [object of prep.]
We are among good
friends.
[prep] [mod.] [object of prep.]
We must do it for
ourselves.
[prep] [object of prep.]
Where are prepositional phrases
located?
 A prepositional phrase does not have to
end a sentence. You can also begin a
sentence with a prepositional phrase, or
you can put the prepositional phrase in
the middle of the sentence.
 You will find a casserole in the refrigerator.
 In the refrigerator you will find a casserole.
 You will find in the refrigerator a casserole.
Where do the commas go?
 Sometimes when the prepositional phrase is in
the beginning or middle of the sentence, a
comma or commas is/are needed.
 For example, why do you need commas in the
following sentence?
 In the cupboard, plates and bowls are located.
 If there is confusion about the meaning of the
sentence, use a comma with your prepositional
phrase.
Can a pronoun be the “object of the
preposition” as well?
 Objects of prepositions are sometimes pronouns.
 Since the subject of a sentence will NEVER be within a
prepositional phrase, subject pronouns can’t be used as
objects.
 Do NOT use I, she, he, we, they.
 Object pronouns must be used.
 Do use me, him, her, us, them.
 For example, which pronouns should you use in this
sentence?
 How will she choose between we/us and they/them?
May I end a sentence with a
preposition?
NO!
 A preposition MUST have an object, so if you are using correct
grammar, your sentences will never end with a preposition.
 For example, how can you correct these sentences?
Where is the party at?
[tonight]
Who is the letter going to?
[Barbara]
What if I must end a sentence
with a preposition?
 If you are having trouble rewording the sentence,
there is a chance that your preposition is actually an
adverb.
 Yes, some words can be multiple parts of speech!
 For example, what parts of speech are “INSIDE”
and “OFF”?
 The children are playing inside.
 Turn the lights off.
How to Identify the Prepositional Phrase
 Use your list to identify the PREPOSITION
 REMEMBER: The preposition STARTS the prepositional phrase.
 Look for the object (always a noun or a pronoun)

Be sure to ask yourself: Is this noun or pronoun describing anything else?
 REMEMBER: The object ENDS the prepositional phrase.
 Look for any modifiers.

Modifiers are sandwiched between the PREPOSITION and the OBJECT of
the preposition.
 Modifiers EXPLAIN, MODIFY or DESCRIBE the
object.
Sample:
 She met us (at [the] beach) (before daylight.)
(prep.) (modifier) (obj.)
(prep.)
(obj.)
1. Upon my arrival, I was whisked into a secret chamber.
1. (Upon [my] arrival), I was whisked (into [a secret] chamber).
{prep}[modifier]{object}
{prep} {modifiers} {object}
2. I can't complete the report without the information.
2. I can't complete the report (without [the] information).
{prep} [modifier] {object}
3. Who says you can go around the world in eighty days?
3. Who says you can go (around [the] world) (in eighty days)?
{prep}[modifier]object}
{prep}[modifier]{object}
4. Come into the garden with me.
4. Come (into the garden) (with me).
{prep}[modifier]{object}
{prep}{object}
5. She wanted to go to the movies.
5. She wanted to go (to [the] movies).
(this is an infinitive) {prep}{modifier}{object}
6. The girl from Tampa left her purse in the writing lab.
6. The girl (from Tampa) left her purse (in [the writing] lab).
{prep}{object}
{prep}{modifiers}{object}
7. The stories in that book were translated by my professor.
7. The stories (in [that] book) were translated (by [my] professor).
{prep}{modifier}{object}
{prep}{modifier}{object}
8. She was looking for a man with money.
8. She was looking (for a man) (with money).
{prep}{modifier}{object}
{prep}{object}
9. That picture behind my desk used to hang in the bedroom.
9. That picture (behind [my] desk) used to hang (in [the] bedroom).
{prep}{modifier}{object}
{prep}{modifier}{object}
10. With a gleam in his eye, Big Dog snatched the pork chop.
10. (With [a] gleam) (in
[his] eye), Big Dog snatched the pork chop.
{prep}{modifier}{object} {prep}{modifier}{object}
Are you ready for the
Preposition Hunt?
 Number your paper 1-18 and skip lines.
 Find the prepositions located on Post-Its
throughout the room.
 Write a sentence with each preposition on
each Post-It.
 The preposition should show a relationship
between objects that are located near the
Post-It.
PREPOSITION HUNT
 Every preposition is numbered.
 Write the sentences next to the correct numbers.
 When you finish, identify the prepositional phrase
with (parenthesis.) Label each part:
 Preposition
 Modifiers
 Object of the preposition
 For example, you could write the following for the
preposition by.
 The printer is BY the COMPUTER.
Sample Sentences
 1.The garbage can is below the bulletin board.
 2. The cardinal is on the radio.
 3. The tissue box is between the house and the
candle.
 4. The plant is under the butterfrog.
 5. The crucifix is above the light switch.
 6. The chair is against the wall.
 7. The signatures are around the photographs.
PREPOSITION HUNT
 8. The feathers are behind the plant.
 9. The speaker is beside the SmartBoard.
 10. The marker is by the eraser.
 11. The books are in the basket.
 12. The pens are with pencils.
 13. The classmates are near each other.
PREPOSITION HUNT
 14. The Post-It is hanging off the pinecone.
 15. The tissues are within the box.
 16. The dog house is without a dog.
 17. The journals are located past the labels.
 18. The coat is hanging over the chair.