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AP Psych
Unit 3A-3C Practice Quiz
1. The part of a neuron that transmits neural messages to other neurons or to muscles or glands is called the
A) dendrite.
B) synapse.
C) association area.
D) axon.
E) cell body.
2. The slowdown of neural communication in multiple sclerosis involves a degeneration of the
A) thresholds.
B) dendrites.
C) endocrine gland.
D) myelin sheath.
E) pituitary gland.
3. Which of the following are located exclusively within the brain and spinal cord?
A) sensory neurons
B) motor neurons
C) myelin sheath
D) interneurons
E) axons
4. The minimum level of stimulation required to trigger a neural impulse is called the
A) reflex.
B) threshold.
C) synapse.
D) action potential.
E) refractory period.
5. Neurotransmitters are released from vesicles located on knoblike terminals at the end of the
A) dendrites.
B) cell body.
C) axon.
D) myelin sheath.
E) synapse.
6. The spatial junctions where impulses are chemically transmitted from one neuron to another are called
A) neurotransmitters.
B) neural networks.
C) synapses.
D) axons.
E) thresholds.
7. Reuptake refers to the
A) movement of neurotransmitter molecules across a synaptic gap.
B) release of hormones into the bloodstream.
C) inflow of positively charged ions through an axon membrane.
D) reabsorption of excess neurotransmitter molecules by a sending neuron.
E) the ending of the refractory period.
8. Nerves are neural cables containing many
A) hormones.
B) endorphins.
C) interneurons.
D) axons.
E) lesions.
9. The peripheral nervous system is to sensory neurons as the central nervous system is to
A) motor neurons.
D) the sympathetic nervous system.
B) neurotransmitters.
E) the parasympathetic nervous system.
C) interneurons.
10. The chemical messengers of the endocrine system are called
A) neurotransmitters.
B) interneurons.
C) hormones.
D) agonists.
E) antagonists.
11. At the age of 22, Mrs. LaBlanc was less than 4 feet tall. Her short stature was probably influenced by the lack of a growth hormone produced by the
A) pancreas.
B) thyroid.
C) adrenal gland.
D) pituitary gland.
E) myelin.
12. The concentration of glucose in active regions of the brain underlies the usefulness of a(n)
A) MRI.
B) brain lesion.
C) EEG.
D) PET scan.
E) hemispherectomy.
13. Which of the following techniques would surgeons use in mapping the areas of the brain responsible for specific activities, such as movement or
speech?
A) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
D) positron emission tomography (PET)
B) computed tomography (CT )
E) lesion
C) electroencephalogram (EEG)
14. The medulla is to the control of ________ as the cerebellum is to the control of ________.
A) eating; sleeping
B) breathing; walking
C) emotion; motivation
D) memory; attention
E) hearing; seeing
15. To demonstrate that brain stimulation can make a rat violently aggressive, a neuroscientist should electrically stimulate the rat's
A) reticular formation.
B) cerebellum.
C) medulla.
D) amygdala.
E) thalamus.
16. The secretions of the pituitary gland are most directly regulated by the
A) reticular formation.
B) hypothalamus.
C) amygdala.
D) cerebellum.
E) thalamus.
17. The parietal lobes are to ________ as the occipital lobes are to ________.
A) hearing; speaking
B) sensing touch; seeing
C) sensing pleasure; sensing pain
18. An area at the rear of the frontal lobes that controls voluntary movements is called the
A) angular gyrus.
B) hypothalamus.
C) motor cortex.
D) reticular formation.
19. The association areas are located in the
A) spinal cord.
B) brainstem.
C) thalamus.
D) limbic system.
D) tasting; smelling
E) frontal association area.
E) cerebral cortex.
20. Someone who has difficulty speaking after a stroke is suffering from which of the following?
A) neurogenesis
B) lesion
C) aphasia
D) angular gyrus
E) interneurons
21. Which brain area is primarily involved with understanding and producing meaningful speech?
A) sensory cortex
B) angular gyrus
C) association areas
D) Wernicke's area
E) hypothalamus
22. The capacity of one brain area to take over the functions of another damaged brain area is known as brain
A) tomography.
B) phrenology.
C) hemispherectomy.
D) aphasia.
E) plasticity.
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E) speaking; seeing
23. Psychologist Michael Gazzaniga asked split-brain patients to stare at a dot as he flashed HE·ART on a screen. HE appeared in the left visual field,
ART in the right. When asked, patients said they saw
A) HE.
B) ART.
C) HEART.
D) EA.
E) nothing. They were unable to complete the task.
24. Assessing the relative effects of nature and nurture on individual differences in personality would be of most direct interest to
A) evolutionary psychologists.
D) Freudian psychologists.
B) humanistic psychologists.
E) psychometricians.
C) behavior geneticists.
25. The threadlike structures that contain genes are called
A) synapses.
B) hormones.
C) neurons.
D) chromosomes.
E) genomes.
26. The biochemical units of heredity that make up the chromosomes are called
A) genes.
B) genomes.
C) molecular genetics.
D) neurotransmitters.
27. Put the following terms in order, from smallest to largest.
A) chromosomes, genes, DNA
B) genes, chromosomes, DNA
C) DNA, genes, chromosomes
D)
E)
E) heredity.
DNA, chromosomes, genes
genes, DNA, chromosomes
28. The genome is the complete
A) collection of sexual characteristics regulated by the X and Y chromosomes.
B) range of traits that contribute to reproductive success.
C) set of genetic material in an organism's chromosomes.
D) set of interactions between genes and environments.
E) collection of genetic and hormonal influences on behavior.
29. Compared with identical twins, fraternal twins are
A) less likely to be the same sex and more likely to be similar in extraversion.
B) more likely to be the same sex and more likely to be similar in extraversion.
C) more likely to be the same sex and less likely to be similar in extraversion.
D) less likely to be the same sex and less likely to be similar in extraversion.
E) less likely to be the same sex and equally likely to be similar in extraversion.
30. When the “Jim twins,” identical twins separated at birth, were reunited 38 years later, surprising similarities were discovered. Although they had
married women of the same name, named their sons and dogs the same names, one should be cautious before attributing these similarities to genetic
factors because
A) most twin studies have not been replicated.
B) the Jim twins were raised in completely different environments.
C) many fraternal twins show greater psychological differences.
D) any two strangers are likely to share coincidental similarities.
E) genes influence physical not psychological characteristics.
31. Identical twins separated at birth would be most likely to have similar
A) political ideas.
B) religious beliefs.
C) personality.
D) norms.
E) food preferences.
32. The home environment most clearly has a greater influence on children's ________ than on their ________.
A) personality; political attitudes
D) DNA; genes
B) extraversion; table manners
E) shyness; social group
C) religious beliefs; personality traits
33. Heritability refers to the extent to which
A) unrelated individuals share common genes.
B) genetic mutations can be transmitted to one's offspring.
C) trait differences among individuals are attributable to genetic variations.
D) adult personality is determined by infant personality.
E) nurture controls a trait rather than nature.
34. The unique personalities of children evoke predictable responses from their caregivers. This best illustrates the ________ of nature and nurture.
A) mutation
B) evolution
C) interaction
D) heritability
E) independence
35. People have always responded so positively to Alyssa's good looks that she has developed a socially confident and outgoing personality. This best
illustrates
A) the impact of personality on gender identity.
D) the reciprocal influence of norms and roles.
B) that ideas about gender and social roles are complementary.
E) the importance of nurture rather than nature.
C) the interaction of nature and nurture.
36. Evolutionary psychologists emphasize that environmentally adaptive behaviors are those that have promoted
A) reproductive success.
B) personal happiness.
C) cultural diversity.
D) heritability.
E) behavior genetics.
37. Who are likely to show the greatest similarity in personality?
A) Ruth and Ramona, identical twins
B) Philip and Paul, fraternal twins
C) Larry and Laura, brother and sister
D)
E)
Vincent Sr. and Vincent Jr., father and son
Elizabeth and Betsy, mother and daughter
38. Which brain structure relays information from the eyes to the visual cortex?
A) thalamus
B) amygdala
C) medulla
D) hippocampus
E) cerebellum
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Answer Key
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D
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