Download Honors Chemistry Review Packet KEY

Honors Chemistry Review Packet KEY
Chapter 2 #s 5–8, 12, 13, 15, 21–23, 27, 35, 36, 38, 45, 46, 57, 60, 62, 73, 79
5. Color (it’s the only white solid).
6. Liquids and gases both have an indefinite shape; while the shape of a solid is definite, the shape of a
liquid is indefinite.
7. It is reversible because solid mercury can be melted back into a liquid again.
8. Platinum and copper can have the same mass and volume (extensive properties). They cannot have
the same set of intensive properties because they have different chemical compositions.
12. As either heterogeneous or homogeneous
13. Differences in physical properties
15. a) homogeneous, b) heterogeneous, c) homogeneous, d) heterogeneous
21. The liquid was not an element because a solid was leftover once the liquid evaporated, so that
leaves it as a compound or mixture. And because evaporation is a physical change, not a chemical
change, the liquid must have been a mixture (compounds can only be chemically separated).
22. Compounds can be broken down into simpler substances by chemical means, but elements cannot.
23. A substance has a fixed composition, but the compositions of a mixture may vary.
27. a) compound (sucrose, C12H22O11), b) mixture, c) mixture, d) element
35. In a physical change, the chemical composition of the substance does not change. In a chemical
change, the chemical composition of the reactant(s) changes to form one or more products.
36. a) physical, b) physical, c) chemical, d) chemical
38. 43.2 grams (4.8 g hydrogen + 38.4 g oxygen = 43.2 g water, due to Law of Conservation of Mass)
45. Solid: particles are packed together closely in an orderly arrangement
Liquid: particles are in close contact, but not in an orderly arrangement
Gas: particles are far apart and randomly dispersed
46. (Use Table 2.1 on pg. 35)
Chlorine condenses (gas  liquid): it starts as a gas b/c 50 °C is well above its b.p.; by the time the
temperature has dropped to –50 °C the chlorine has condensed, but it hasn’t frozen b/c it won’t
freeze until –101 °C
Mercury, bromine, and water freeze (liquid  solid): they each start as a liquid b/c 50 °C is between
their melting and boiling points; by the time the temperature has dropped to –50 °C they have frozen
57. Two parts hydrogen and one part oxygen
60. a) physical, b) chemical (color change), c) chemical (production of a gas), d) physical
62. 18 g water (Due to Law of CoM, 40 g ammonium nitrate = 14 g nitrogen + 8 g oxygen + x g water)
73. a) physical, b) physical, c) physical, d) physical, e) chemical
79. A gas can be released during a physical change (ex- bubbles form when water boils)