Download EXAM 3 FALL 2016

Psychology 100
Exam 3
Dr Sharon Myer
DIRECTIONS: Please download the exact test that is EXAM 3 in canvas. Please complete the test and
please upload the test exactly as it was downloaded. Please make sure you have not altered the test in
any way or you will be downgraded.
Please discuss your answers in detail. Please answer the questions in your own words, except for the fillin-the-blanks questions. Do not use the exact words (or alterations of the exact words) from the books,
powerpoints, and the websites you review.
Learning Unit
1. Please define what is a “theory” of learning as discussed in this unit.
2. What is a Behaviorist?
3. The associative relationships a Behaviorist looks for are the ______________ associations. These
relationships tell the Behaviorist what has been learned.
4. A Behaviorist defines thoughts as ___________________.
5. What is a stimulus?
6. What is a response?
7. What is habituation?
8. Please give an example of habituation?
This section will be about Classical Conditioning:
1. In Classical Conditioning, before the conditioning starts, the ____________will elicit the
_________________.
2. To start conditioning, a___________________ is paired with the _________________________.
3. After this pairing occurs the ________________ will then become the _____________________.
This means this ___________________________will elicit a
____________________________________ from the animal.
4. What is second-order conditioning?
5. What is spontaneous recovery?
6. What is stimulus generalization?
This section will be about Operant Conditioning
1. Please define Operant Conditioning.
2. How is Operant Conditioning different than Classical Conditioning?
3. What does “shaping” refer to?
4. What is a contingent relationship?
5. What are successive approximations?
6. What is partial reinforcement?
7. In the initial phase of conditioning, which is a stronger type of reinforcement?
8. After learning has taken place, which type of reinforcement is stronger?
9. What is a ratio schedule of reinforcement?
10. What is an interval schedule of reinforcement?
11. A fixed schedule of reinforcement refers
to______________________________________________.
12. A variable schedule of reinforcement refers
to___________________________________________.
13. In Operant Conditioning punishment refers
to____________________________________________.
14. In Operant Conditioning reinforcement refers
to___________________________________________.
Please complete the table below.
In the blanks below you will need to define the type of reinforcement and punishment. This means you
will need to define positive reinforcement, positive punishment, negative reinforcement, and negative
punishment.
Ways to increase or decrease
behavior
Positive
Negative
Reinforcement
Punishment
Memory Unit
1. What is memory acquisition?
2. What is memory storage?
3. What is memory retrieval?
4. Please name two unique aspects of your sensory memory.
5. What does Decoding mean?
6. What does Encoding mean?
7. What does priming mean?
8. What are false memories?
9. How easy is it for us to make up our memories? What are the reasons?
10. Please define short term memory.
11. Please define working memory. How many chunks of information can the WM hold?
12. How does WM help you pay attention?
13. Please define long term memory (LTM)?
14. What are the two main types of LTM? Please define these two types.
15. What are primacy effects?
16. What are the reasons we are better able to remember the material we really understand (deep
vs shallow processing)?
17. What are the two types of consolidation?
18. Please explain these two types of consolidation.
19. Please name two ways we retrieve memories.
20. What are two disorders of memory? Please explain why these disorders would cause memory
problems.
21. What is a dementia?
22. Name two disorders that dementia is present.
23. Please define the term “elaboration” as this term relates to our memory acquisition and
storage.
Emotion and Motivation Unit
24. What are drives?
25. Why do drives motivate people?
26. Please name two factors that elicit the drive of feeling threatened. Please give examples.
27. What is fight or flight?
28. What is meant by Self-determination theory?
29. What is intrinsic motivation?
30. What is extrinsic motivation?
31. According to Self-determination Theory (SDT), what are the reasons we need to operate by our
own autonomy rather than control from others?
32. What is meant by the term Emotional Regulation?
33. What are the reasons emotional regulation is important for us?
34. What are emotional states?
35. Do emotional states serve a function? How so? Please give an example.
36. What is Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs? Please describe this theory.
37. What are deficiency needs?
38. What are growth needs?
39. What four things do self-actualized people have in common?
40. What is the theory of Mindset?
41. What is a fixed mindset?
42. What is a growth mindset?
43. According to the theory of Mindset, when you praise someone, or just coach yourself, what part
of what you did do you need to praise?