Download Key Study Guide Unit 7 Structure and Function of

Key Study Guide Unit 7 Structure and Function of Cells 7.12C
7.12C: Recognize levels of organization in plants and animals,
including cells, tissues, organs, organ systems, and organisms.
1. List the levels of organization from the least complex “cell” to
the most complex “ecosystem”. Use your Science Starter notes
“Biological Organization”. The levels of organization from the
least complex “cell” to the most complex “ecosystem” are: cell,
tissue, organ, organ system, organisms, population, community, and
ecosystem.
2. In the levels of organization, cell, tissue, organ, organ system, and
organism, which structure is the least complex? The cell is the
least complex structure in the levels of organization.
3. Thinking of the levels of organization, cell-tissue-organ-organ
system: Which is the correct term used to describe a group of
body parts working together to perform a specific function? An
organ system is the correct term used to describe a group of
body parts working together to perform a specific function.
7.12D: Differentiate between structure and function in plant and
animal cell organelles, including cell membrane, cell wall, nucleus,
cytoplasm, mitochondrion, chloroplast, and vacuole.
1. List the structures “organelles” that are only found in plant cells.
The organelles that are only found in plant cells are large vacuole,
cell wall, and chloroplasts.
2. What is the difference between a eukaryote and a prokaryote?
The difference between a eukaryote and a prokaryote is that a
eukaryote has a nucleus and prokaryotes do not.
3. In eukaryotes, where is the genetic material for the cell located?
The genetic material in eukaryotes is found in the nucleus of the
cell.
Refer to the images/structure & function of cell organelles we
completed in class using the computers to answer questions 4-7.
4. What is the function of the chloroplast in plants? The function of
chloroplast in plants is to use energy from sunlight to make
sugar/glucose which is food for the plant.
5. How are chloroplast in plant cells and mitochondrion in animal
cells similar? Chloroplast in plant cells and mitochondrion in animal
cells are similar because both are the energy factories for the
cells.
6. If you were looking at an image of two different cells with all the
organelles labeled, how would you determine which cell was a plant
cell? I could determine a plant cell from an animal cell because
plant cells only have cell walls, chloroplast, and a large vacuole.
7. What structure in a cell allows waste to exit/leave the cell? The
cell membrane is the structure in cells that allows waste to leave
the cell.
8. Draw a picture using the following items to represent organelles
in a cell: large rectangular clear plastic container=cell wall,
gelatin=cytoplasm, green M&Ms=chloroplast, red
licorice=endoplasmic reticulum, several beans=mitochondrion, one
large inflated balloon=vacuole and an avocado seed=nucleus.
Identify the item that you are using to represent the correct
organelle. What type of cell does this represent? This
represents a plant cell.
7.12E: Compare the functions of a cell to the functions of
organisms such as waste removal.
1. What type of cell in the human blood is responsible for carrying
oxygen throughout the body? Circle the correct answer: white
blood cells or red blood cells.
2. What is the main function of the heart in our bodies? The hearts
main function is to pump blood through our bodies.
3. List the characteristics of living organisms and cells. Refer to
your notes on the functions of cells. The characteristics of living
organisms and cells are to remove waste from themselves, grow
and die, and extract energy from food.
4. What is the main function of the cilia and flagella in single celled
organisms? The function of the cilia and flagella, in single celled
organisms is for movement.
7.12F: Recognize that according to cell theory all organisms are
composed of cells and cells carry on similar functions such as
extracting energy from food to sustain life.
1. What do all living things have in common? All living things are
made of cells.
2. What is the cell theory? The cell theory states that all organisms
are composed of cells; the cell is the basic unit of structure and
function in living organisms, cells come from other cells by cell
reproduction, and cell function.
3. In all living things, the presence of what structure supports the
cell theory? The cell membrane supports the cell theory because
all cells have a cell membrane that allows things to enter and
leave the cell.
4. What are the four stages of mitosis? Refer to the picture of
mitosis I gave you in your journal. The four stages of mitosis are
prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase.