Download Unit 1: Matter and Energy HW Packet

Name: ___________________________________
Period: __________
Date: ____________
Unit 1: Matter and Energy HW Packet
Part 1: Classify each of the following as a PURE SUBSTANCE or a MIXTURE.
1. Sucrose
____________________
5. Concrete ____________________
2. Hot Tea
____________________
6. Vinegar
____________________
3. Table Salt
____________________
7. Helium
____________________
4. Motor Oil
____________________
8. Water
____________________
Part 2: Classify each of the following Mixtures as either HOMOGENEOUS or HETEROGENEOUS.
1. Oxygen Dissolved in Water _________________ 5. Gasoline
____________________
2. Carbon Mixed with Sand
_________________ 6. Coca Cola
____________________
3. Filtered Apple Juice
_________________ 7. Chunky Peanut Butter __________________
4. Freshly Squeezed Lemonade _________________ 8. Italian Dressing
____________________
Part 3: Classify each of the following Pure Substances as either ELEMENTS or COMPOUNDS.
1. Water
____________________
4. Oxygen
____________________
2. Table Salt
____________________
5. Alcohol
____________________
3. Mercury
____________________
6. Platinum ____________________
Part 4: Write the chemical symbol for each of the following elements.
1. Lithium
____________________
4. Chlorine ____________________
2. Phosphorus ____________________
5. Sulfur
____________________
3. Sodium
____________________
6. Potassium ____________________
Part 5: Name the chemical elements represented by the following symbols.
1. Cu
____________________
4. F ____________________
2. H
____________________
5. N ____________________
3. Ag
____________________
6. Au ____________________
Part 6: Complete the chart below:
Compound
NH4Cl
KMnO4
KI
CHCl3
C3H7OH
# of Elements
# of Atoms
Part 7: Classify these samples of matter as one of the following:
PURE SUBSTANCE – ELEMENT
MIXTURE – HOMOGENEOUS
PURE SUBSTANCE – COMPOUND
MIXTURE – HETEROGENEOUS
1. Water and Oil:
____________________
8. Granite:
____________________
2. Salt Water:
____________________
9. Gold:
____________________
3. Paint:
____________________
10. Apple:
____________________
4. Sodium Chloride:
____________________
11. Water and Sand: ____________________
5. Black Ink:
____________________
12. Leather:
____________________
6. Plutonium:
____________________
13. Air:
____________________
7. Shaving Cream:
____________________
14. Carbon Dioxide: ____________________
Complete the Hierarchy of Matter Schematic with the Classification of Matter titles.
Spaghetti sauce
Glass (SiO2)
Muddy Water
Iron
Water (H2O)
Corn Oil
Orange Juice
Silver
Table Salt (NaCl)
Apple
Oxygen
Black Coffee
Isopropyl Alcohol (C3H7OH)
Mint Chocolate Chip Ice Cream
______________
_______________
_______________
_______________
_______________
_______________
_______________
Part 8: Decide whether the following statements are TRUE or FALSE.
1. __________ Both elements and compounds are pure substances.
2. __________ A heterogeneous substance has at least two pure substances in it.
3. __________ Pure substances have variable composition.
4. __________ Compounds have variable composition while elements do not.
5. __________ A compound must contain at least 2 elements.
6. __________ Homogeneous mixtures exist in one phase.
7. __________ Homogeneous mixtures cannot be separated.
8. __________ All elements are represented by a chemical formula.
Part 9: Label each of the following properties as either PHYSICAL or CHEMICAL.
1. combustibility
_________________
7. density
____________________
2. malleability
_________________
8. volume
____________________
3. weight
_________________
9. melting point
____________________
4. failure to react
_________________
10. flammability
____________________
5. ductility
_________________
11. odor
____________________
6. texture
_________________
12. tendency to corrode___________________
Part 10: Classify each of the following changes as either PHYSICAL or CHEMICAL.
1. digestion of food
____________________8. exploding fireworks
____________________
2. getting a haircut
____________________9. lighting a candle
____________________
3. boiling water
____________________10. tarnishing silver
____________________
4. melting butter
____________________11. forming acid rain
____________________
5. crushing rocks
____________________12. dissolving salt
____________________
6. burning gasoline
____________________13. the sun drying dew
____________________
7. slicing bread
____________________14. shattering glass
____________________
Part 11: Classify each of the following physical properties as EXTENSIVE or INTENSIVE.
1. density
____________________
6. melting point
____________________
2. color
____________________
7. length
____________________
3. mass
____________________
8. hardness
____________________
4. texture
____________________
9. volume
____________________
5. shape
____________________
10. boiling point
____________________
Part 12: Refer to the illustrations below to answer the following questions about VISCOSITY.
A
B C
D
E
A
B
C
D
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Figure 1
Figure 2
In Figure 1, which test tube contains the liquid with the highest viscosity? __________
In Figure 1, which test tube contains the liquid with the lowest viscosity? __________
In Figure 2, which test tube contains the liquid with the highest viscosity? __________
In Figure 2, which test tube contains the liquid with the lowest viscosity? __________
What would happen if the liquids in Figure 1 were heated? ___________________________________
What do you know about the falling rate of the marbles in Figure 2 if the liquids in Figure 2 are cooled?
___________________________________________________________________________________
Part 13: Density
Show the correct location of the following items in a density column. (Draw a graduated cylinder.)
Water = 1.0 g/mL
Aluminum = 2.67 g/mL
Motor Oil = 0.91 g/mL
Balsa Wood = 0.4 g/mL
Corn Syrup = 2.34 g/mL
Use the graph below to answer the following questions about DENSITY.
1.
2.
3.
4.
What is the volume of this substance if the mass is 300 g? ____________________
Using the mass and volume from question #1, what is the density of the substance? _______________
Now that you know the density of the substance, identify the substance. ____________________
Is the density of a substance an extensive or intensive property? ____________________
Use the graph below to answer the following questions about DENSITY.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
If the mass is 50 grams, the volume is __________ cm3.
If the mass is 100 grams, the volume is __________ cm3.
If the mass is 250 grams, the volume is __________ cm3.
What is the density of the material shown on this graph? _________________
If this substance were place in water, would the substance sink or float? _______________
Part 14: Match each term with the correct definition.
1. __________ Chemical Reaction
a. matter is not created or destroyed in a chemical reaction
2. __________ Reactants
b. starting substances in a chemical reaction (on the left)
3. __________ Products
c. ability of a substance to undergo chemical reactions
4. __________ Chemical Property
d. absorbs heat from the surroundings
5. __________ Exothermic Reaction e. releases heat to the surroundings
6. __________ Endothermic Reaction f. substances produced in a chemical reaction (on the right)
7. __________ Law of Conservation g. process in which one or more substances change into
Of Mass
new substances
Part 15: Complete the following short answer section.
1. When 400 grams of wood are burned, 30 grams of ash remain. The law of conservation of mass states
that you cannot destroy matter, so what happened to the missing 370 grams of matter?
__________________________________________________________________________________
2. The following changes happen to a sample of gasoline. Tell if each is a chemical change or a physical
change and give a reason for your choice.
a. Gasoline boils
______________________________________________________
b. Lead is added to gasoline
______________________________________________________
c. Gasoline burns
______________________________________________________
d. Gasoline is poured in a tank ______________________________________________________
3. 16 grams of methane gas combine with 64 grams of oxygen to form 44 grams of carbon dioxide, plus
water. What mass of water is produced?
4.
In an engine, octane combines with oxygen gas to form carbon dioxide and water. If 22.8 grams of
octane react with 80 grams of oxygen gas, 70.4 grams of carbon dioxide is produced, plus water. What
mass of water is produced?
5. When 127g of copper reacts with 32 grams of oxygen gas to form CuO. How much copper (II) oxide is
produced?
6. According to the law of conservation of mass, how much zinc was present in the zinc carbonate?
7. Refer to the picture which shows ice melting.
a. Is this a physical change or a chemical change?
b. What do you know about the temperature inside the ice?
c. What do you know about the temperature around the ice?
d. Is this an endothermic or exothermic process?
8. Refer to the picture which shows paper burning.
a. Is this a physical change or a chemical change?
b. Is this an endothermic or exothermic reaction?
Part 16: Match the following types of energy with the correct description.
1. __________ Chemical
a. energy of motion
2. __________ Electrical
b. stored energy or energy due to position
3. __________ Electromagnetic
c. energy stored in chemical bonds between atoms
4. __________ Kinetic
d. energy that travels as waves
5. __________ Potential
e. electron movement
6. __________ Thermal
f. total energy of particles (heat)
Part 17: Fill in the blank to correctly complete each statement.
1. _______________ properties can be observed without chemically changing matter.
2. _______________ properties describe how a substance reacts with other substances.
3. _______________ have definite shapes and definite volumes.
4. _______________ have a definite volume but are able to change shape.
5. _______________ can change their shape and volume.
6. Phase changes are always _______________ changes.
7. _______________ is the phase change where a solid changes to a liquid.
8. _______________ is the phase change where a liquid changes to a solid.
9. The _______________ and freezing points for a substance are equal.
10. _______________ is the phase change where a liquid changes to a gas.
11. _______________ is the phase change where a gas changes to a liquid.
12. The _______________ and condensation points for a substance are equal.
13. _______________ is the phase change where a solid changes directly to a gas without turning to a
liquid first.
14. _______________ is the resistance to flow by a fluid (liquid or gas).
15. Substances that are very thick and gooey have a _______________ viscosity.
16. Substances that are very runny have a _______________ viscosity.
17. When substances are heated, their viscosities _______________.
18. When substances are cooled, their viscosities _______________.