Download Prepositional Phrase - St. Clairsville Schools

Phrase or Clause?
through the
ominous woods
Answer: phrase
Phrase or Clause?
When I said
yes
Answer: clause
Phrase or Clause?
Since I was not
alone
Answer: clause
Phrase or Clause?
Reading the
hidden messages in
the cool nigh air
Answer: phrase
Prepositional (2)
Verbal (3)
The Phrase…
We’ll Start with
3 Overall Kinds:
Appositive
“You hear
and use them
all the time;
now let’s
recognize
them!”
Definition of a Phrase:
A group of words that does
NOT have a subject and a verb,
and acts as 1 part of speech.
The Prepositional Phrase!
Petey the
Preposition
Mouse!
The Prepositional Phrase
Consists of These Things:
1. A Preposition
2. An object (N or Prn)
3. Any modifiers of that object
“Anywhere a mouse
can go!”
There are 2
kinds of these!
You know this one
already!
Remember your song!
Don’t forget the Preposition
Box!
**Hint… find the
preposition and go
until you see the
first noun and
stop….that’s your
1. He was riding (on his skateboard). Prepositional Phrase!
2. I am a huge fan (of Twilight).
For Example…
3. My dad enjoys hunting (in the woods).
Find the Prep. Phrases in the
Find the Prep. Phrase in the
following sentences along with the
following
sentences.
object of
the preposition.
1. We were eating chicken wings at BW3’s.
2. I watched ESPN on television last night.
3. He rode his dirt bike through the mud.
“There Are 2 Types of
Prepositional Phrases.”
Example: Sarah is
the one (with the
pink dress).
The phrase is describing
which one, (a Noun)
Let’s start with the
Adjective Phrase…what is it?
“You know what an
adjective is right?”
“Yes, it describes a noun or
pronoun!
So…the definition of an Adj. Phrase is: a
prep. phrase that describes a N or Prn.
Now…the Adverb Phrase
(Another Prepositional Phrase)
“Don’t hide! It’s just as easy since you
know what an adverb is right?”
An Adverb describes: V, Adj., Adv.
“before the holidays” is describing when to finish (a verb)
so it has to be an adverb phrase. And… “before” is a
preposition & this is a type of prep. phrase!
The End… for Day 1!!!
Take 2!!!
VERBAL PHRASES…
1. Gerund Phrase
There are 3 kinds
2. Infinitive Phrase
3. Participial Phrase
**Verbal: a word that is
formed from a Verb, but is
used as a N, Adj., or Adv.**
“I’m not
a verb!”
It’s like a verb in
disguise!
Smiling is formed from
the verb smile, but is
acting as an Adj.
describing child.
So…A verbal Phrase: has
a form of a verb that
acts as another POS
GERUND PHRASE…
A gerund is a verb form ending
in –ing that is used as a noun!
For example: (Skiing down that
slope) was fun.
So, a Gerund Phrase has:
- a gerund -a modifier
-& the entire phrase is used
as a noun
Example: (Listening to Scream-O music
at high volume) may cause you to lose
your hearing later in life!
EXAMPLE:
Texting at school
can get you in
trouble.
A gerund phrase can
come at the beginning
or the end of a
sentence. Look!
Q: What is
the gerund
phrase?
A: Texting at school…(at the
beginning of the sentence.)
=
Examples Continued…
Our favorite thing to do this
weekend will be playing video games
on Xbox.
Q: What is the gerund phrase?
A: Playing video games on Xbox…(at
the end of the sentence.)
Playing video
games on Xbox is
acting as 1 Noun
INFINITIVE PHRASE…
A verb form that can be used as a Noun, an Adj., or an Adv.
*Most infinitives begin with “to”.
Example: The crowd grew
quiet to hear the movie
Stepbrothers
What word is the infinitive
phrase describing?
grew…
Making the infinitive phrase
act as what part of speech?
An Adverb!
Let’s Try Some…
Tell me the infinitive phrase in each sentence.
Tell me if it is used as an N, Adj, or Adv.
1. Hearing Beyonce’s new song is one way to change your mood.
Inf. Phrase: to change your mood POS: Adjective, describing way
2. We used the new DVD player to watch Stepbrothers.
Inf. Phrase: to watch Stepbrothers POS: Adverb, describing used
3. I learned to laugh and make jokes from Will Ferrell.
Inf. Phrase: to laugh and make jokes POS: Noun, because “to laugh and make jokes” is the
DO of the verb learned, making that object a Noun.
**Remember…Infinitive
starts with “to”!!!
The Participial Phrase
“Isn’t that some kind of a
mammal?”
What the heck does participial mean?
Participial is derived from participle and a
participle is a verb form that can be used as
an adjective.
Here are some examples:
Present participles end in –ing: The smiling child waved.
Smiling, a form of the verb smile, is describing the
noun child, making it (smiling) an adjective.
Examples Continued on next page
Def: Verb acting as an Adj.
Participle Examples Continued…
*Most past participles
end in –d or –ed.
Some are irregularly
formed.
Examples:
1. The police officers searched the abandoned warehouse.
**Abandoned is a form of the verb abandon and
modifies/describes warehouse so it is an adjective.
2. This plate, bought at a flea market, is a valuable antique.
**Bought, a form of the verb buy, describes the
noun plate, so bought is an adjective here.
Ok, so those are participles, but
what is a participial phrase?
“Well, a phrase is a group of
words, so a Participial Phrase
must consist of a participle and
anything describing it!”
Let’s Practice… Tell the participial phrase and the word/s it modifies.
1. Noted for its convenience, FaceBook is used by millions of
people.
Part. Phrase: Noted for its convenience Word it Modifies: FaceBook
2. IPhones are wonderful inventions used by
people everywhere.
Part. Phrase: used by people everywhere
Word it Modifies: IPhones
Q:What is a gerund phrase?
A: Group of words that has a verb form
ending in
–ing
in it w/ other
modifiers & acts as a
noun.
Q: What is an infinitive
phrase?
A. Group of words that has a verb form
that can act as another part of speech;
**usually
starts with “to”.
Q: What is an participial
phrase?
A: A group of words that has a
participle and any other
**the whole
phrase acts as an
adjective.
modifiers;
Last Practice Before You’re a Pro!!!
Identify the phrase in each sentence and then tell what
type it is.
1. Some people like listening to hip hop music.
Phrase:Listening to hip hop music Type: Gerund
2. American Idol, playing on the TV, looked like a
good episode.
Phrase: playing on the TV Type: Participial
Because ‘playing on the TV’
Why? describes American Idol,
making the verb form playing
an adjective.
Continued Practice…
3. Some believe that Ferdinand Magellan was taken
away by zombies.
Phrase: by zombies
Type:
Prepositional Phrase:
Adverb Phrase, describing how he
was taken
Last One!!!!!
4. In the United States, citizens have the right to
speak their minds.
Phrase: to speak their minds Type: Infinitive Phrase
Why? It starts with “to” and it describes “right”, making
the verb form “speak” an adjective.
Phrase #2:
In the United States
Type?:
Prepositional Phrase
The End
for
Day
2!!!
Take 3!!!
The Appositive Phrase
Example: I chose 1 person,
the girl in the pink, to pass
out the papers.
Reasoning:“the girl in the
pink” is describing person
and is placed directly
beside that Noun.
WE
ARE
DONE!
THE END
“Don’t be a dead fish!
That was fun right?!?!?!”
Time for a quick check with
parts of speech!
There’s a Test
Tomorrow!
POS: Pronoun
Type of Pronoun: Personal
My iPhone, which may be cracked,
still works.
POS: Pronoun
Type of Pronoun: Relative
I, myself, spend 90% of my time on
Tumblr.
POS:
Pronoun
Type of
Pronoun:
Intensive
Does anyone have a bike?
POS: Pronoun
Type of Pronoun: Indefinite
I love to listen to popular music.
POS: Adjective
I totally don’t care about that at all!
POS: Pronoun
Type of Pronoun: Demonstrative
I love to listen to Lil Wayne music
one way only, loudly!
POS: Adverb
I have an orange!
POS: Adjective
Type of Adjective: Indefinite Article
I want the iguana and a matching
hat.
POS: Adjective
Type of Adjective: Article
A=Indefinite Article, The=Definite Article
The iguana would actually look cute
in the hat.
POS:
Preposition
My homework is complicated.
POS: Adjective
Friendship is magic.
POS: Noun
Type of Noun: Common, Abstract, Compound
I looked around for concert tickets,
but couldn’t find any!
POS: Adverb
POS:
Conjunction
Type of Conj:
Coordinating (FANBOY)
My parents think of themselves
as my wardens.
POS: Pronoun
Type of Pronoun:
Reflexive
When my parents try to be
cool, they’re still not.
POS:
Conjunction
Type of Conj:
Subordinating
POS:
Interjection
It is fun to have friends that have the
same interests as you.
POS: Pronoun
Type of Pronoun:
Relative
I am an American citizen.
POS: Adjective
Type of Adjective: Proper
That dog is the cutest thing
I’ve ever seen!!
POS: Adjective
POS:
Preposition
The End!
Test Tomorrow! Study!
Ok, let’s switch to
a review of
phrases!
Q: What 2 main
things does a
prepositional phrase
have?
A:
• Preposition
• Object
Q: What 2
characteristics does
an infinitive phrase
have?
A:
• Starts with to
• Has a verbal
Q: Why?
A: Because it has a
preposition and an object,
and no verbal
A: Prepositional
Phrase
A: Because it has a
preposition and an object,
and no verbal
Q: Infinitive Phrase or
Prepositional Phrase…
(To see the mysterious object)
Q: Why?
Q: Gerund Phrase or Participial
Phrase…
(Seeing my shadow on the foggy
path) made me weary to proceed
through the rusted gate.
Q: Why?
A: Because the phrase is acting
as the subject of the sentence,
which makes it a noun, and it
ends in “ing”
Q: Why?
A: Because the verbal
“Seeing” is acting as an
adjective describing “I”.
Q: Is the underlined word a
verb or verbal?
A: Acting like a fool in English
class is not appreciated by
Willy Shakes.
Q: What specific kind of
verbal is it and why?
A: Gerund because it ends in
“ing” and is acting as a noun