Download Library Orientation and Clauses and Phrases (G#2)

Library Orientation and Phrases and
Clauses (Grammar #2)
Clauses and Phrases
Types of Clauses
A CLAUSE is a group of words that contains
a subject and its verb.
the boy ran
people talk
it is
if you go
A PHRASE is a group of words that does
NOT contain a subject and its verb.
the boy next door people with loud voices
being hungry
for a while
Some clauses can be complete sentences. These
are called INDEPENDENT CLAUSES.
the boy ran
people talk
it is
you go
Some clauses have a subject and verb but cannot
be complete sentences. These are called
DEPENDENT CLAUSES. They have a dependent
word (subordinating conjunction) before the subject
and verb.
while the boy ran
because people talk
since it is
if you go
Types of Phrases
Clauses and Phrases
Phrases can be of many types, added in various places in sentences,
and serve many purposes, but they can’t be sentences on their own.
The important things to remember:
A clause has a subject and complete verb that
go together; a phrase doesn’t.
An “-ing” verb cannot be the only verb in a sentence. With no helping verb, it makes a phrase.
A phrase can never be a sentence by itself.
Clauses must be connected to sentences (other
clauses) in very specific ways (with specific
conjunctions and punctuation) whereas phrases
can be added more freely.
A prepositional phrase begins with a preposition and ends with a
noun or pronoun (the object of the preposition).
at the store
during the concert
by myself
in my dreams
A verbal phrase begins with a participle, gerund, or infinitive verb.
going crazy
known by everyone
studying the book to run like the wind
An absolute phrase has a noun and participle but no complete verb.
the dog barking
the woman driving
the map found in the book
An appositive phrase simply renames a noun or a pronoun.
the only man to pitch seven no-hitters
my sister’s boyfriend
An added detail phrase often starts with a word like especially, like,
for example, or including.
particularly at a wedding
such as Star Wars
Grammar #2: Phrases and Clauses
TONIGHT’S HOMEWORK
For tonight’s grammar homework, identify each
group of words as a clause or a phrase. Submit
answers to all ten questions ON MyHCC /CANVAS.
1. Complete revision of 1000-word definition
essay (submit second draft on MyHCC /
Canvas and to a tutor before class and
bring TWO printouts),
2. read LBCH section 24 (pp. 202-204) and
review section 6 (pp. 33-39), AND
3. begin Grammar #2 (phrases and clauses),
due next Thursday (Feb. 2) on Canvas
1. Screaming fans filled the stands
A. clause
B. phrase
2. Screaming at the kids
A. clause
B. phrase
3. If a newborn baby refuses to eat
A. clause
B. phrase
If you do not attend the library orientation,
you MUST familiarize yourself with
http://libguides.hccfl.edu/onlineorientation.
1