Download Roman 12 Tables to Justinian Code

Ancient Rome
Roman Law
12 Tables & Justinian Code
Essential Standards
6.C&G.1 Understand the
development of government in
various civilizations, societies
and regions.
6.H.2 Understand the political,
economic and/or social
significance of historical events,
issues, individuals and cultural
groups.
Clarifying Objective
6.C&G.1.4 Compare the role (e.g.
maintain order and enforce
societal values and beliefs) and
evolution of laws and legal
systems (e.g. need for and
changing nature of codified
system of laws and punishment) in
various civilizations, societies
and regions.
6.H.2.2 Compare historical and
contemporary events and issues
to understand continuity and
change.
Essential Questions
 Why were laws written down &
posted in ancient civilizations?
 Why did the Roman 12 tables
EVOLVE (change) into the Justinian
Code as time past?
 How does the HISTORICAL EVENT of
the Roman 12 Tables & Justinian
Code live on today in
CONTEMPORARY times?
Roman 12 Tables
 The Roman 12 Tables was the first
coded law system of Ancient Rome
 12 Tables gave specific rules &
consequences for breaking those
rules
Roman 12 Tables
 The laws were
literally set in
stone & couldn’t be
changed
 They were based on
everybody being
EQUAL before the
law (unlike
Hammurabi’s code)
 Very harsh system
First Roman Constitution
Roman 12 Tables
operated as the
First Roman
Constitution
A constitution is
the law of the
land which
everyone must
follow
12 Tables
 There were 12 separate
tables
 Each one had different
laws in which all Romans
had to live by
 Each law was carved
into an ivory table and
placed in the Roman
Forum
Written & Posted for all to See
• The Romans made sure
they wrote down &
posted all laws in the
Roman Forum for all
citizens to see
• Civilizations wrote
down & posted laws so
that all citizens could
read & understand
them
Essential Questions
Get witH a partner and answer…..
Why were laws written down & posted in ancient
civilizations?
Roman 12 Tables
Roman 12 Tables had laws
from everytHinG from….
Rights of fathers
Land Rights
How to handle Debt
Trials
Consequences/Punishments
8 kinds of punishment for breaking laws
These consequences ranged from a fine all the way to death
otHer consequences included….
① Flogging
② Civil Disgrace
③ Banishment
④ Slavery
Roman 12 Tables to Justinian Code
• Roman 12 Tables led
to the Justinian Code
• This was a different
coded legal system
used much later in
Roman History
• Justinian Code had
many of the same laws
that the Roman
Tables had
Justinian Code
 Justinian Code was a
legal system invented by
Byzantine Emperor
Justinian 529 A.D.
 Justinian Code was
written to include all
Roman 12 tables but to
simplify the law into ONE
DOCUMENT
 This became the new
Roman Constitution
Justinian Code
o Justinian Code was
written by going
through all of the
Roman Tables Laws
o Kept the laws that
still were relevant
o Changed the laws to
simplify them in the
new code & make
them more clear
Essential Questions
• Get witH a partner and answer…..
• Why did the Roman 12 tables EVOLVE (change) into the
Justinian Code as time past?
Justinian Code
 Got rid of the
laws that were
not relevant any
more
 Also added a
couple more
laws
 Most important
one beinG “a
person is
innocent until
proven Guilty”
Western World Law
• The Justinian
Code has formed
the basis for
Western World
Law
• This includes the
legal system in
the United States
http://education-portal.com/academy/lesson/justinians-code-of-law-and-roman-emperors-after-constantine.html#lesson
Lesson Summary
• Roman 12 Tables
became the first
CONSTITUTION of
Rome
• Emperor Justinian
invented the
Justinian Code
• This was a blend of
the Roman 12
Tables & new
fairer laws
Essential Questions
 Get with a
partner and
answer…..
 How does the
HISTORICAL EVENT
of the Roman 12
Tables &
Justinian Code
live on today in
CONTEMPORARY
times?
Lesson Summary
 The Justinian Code became the
Basis of the Western Law System
that we use today
 The historical event of the
writing of the Justinian Code
relates to the contemporary
Western Legal system because it
carries many of the same laws &
principles
 Civilizations wrote down & posted
laws so that all citizens could
read & understand them
EOG Questions
 Why did some ancient civilizations write and publish their laws?
 A) to allow patricians and plebeians to read and vote for the
laws
 B) to record the laws so that historians would understand
ancient culture
 C) to ensure that citizens of the civilization would read and
understand the laws
 D) to guarantee that each politician received a personal copy of
the printed laws
Important Points
• 6.C&G.1.4 (Role & Evolution of
Laws) Ancient Romans first had
the Roman 12 Tables (first Roman
Law Code)
• 6.C&G.1.4 (Role & Evolution of
Laws) Rome switched to the
Justinian Code (New Roman Law
Code)
• 6.C&G.1.4 (Role & Evolution of
Laws) Laws were written down so
citizens would be able to read &
understand the laws
• 6.C&G.1.4 (Role & Evolution
of Laws) The difference
between these two law
systems was that Justinian
Code rules that were no
longer needed were taken
out & new rules were
added in to make it more
fair
• 6.H.2.2 (Historical vs.
Contemporary) Western
World now uses many ideas
from the Justinian Code
today