Download Kingdom Protista

Kingdom Protista
PA State Standards
What is a protist?
• Eukaryotic
• Unicellular (singlecelled)
• Can move like animals
and respond to
changes in the
environment
• Can be Autotrophs or
Heterotrophs
What is a protist?
• Microscopic
• Basic organelles for
functions of life
• Acquire energy in
many different ways
• Take in Oxygen
through diffusion
• move using extensions
of their membrane or
special structures
(flagella & cilia)
• Asexual reproduction
Animal-like protists
1.
2.
3.
4.
Sarcodines
Ciliates
Flagellates
Sporozoans
1. Sarcodines
• Pseudopods – false
foot
• Move with their
pseudopods
(extensions of their
cell membrane and
cytoplasm)
• Example = Amoeba
Pseudopod
Amebic Cysts that are
ingested in the body from
contaminated food and
water;
Amoebic dysentery can
cause the liver to swell and
have to be drained so it
doesn’t pop
2. Ciliates
• Move with small hairlike projections (Cilia)
• Example =
Paramecium
Cilia
Balantidium coli is a
parasite that moves
with Cilia; it is
contracted through
contaminated food
and water
3. Flagellates (Zooflagellates)
• Flagella – a tail-like
extension
• Used to move
• Example =
Trypanosome
• Carried in the Tse Tse
fly – causes African
Sleeping Sickness
(parasitic)
Flagella
A Trypanosome
inside the human
body, hanging
out with the red
blood cells
Notice the flagella
Swelling of the
brain which
ultimately leads to
a coma ; hence the
name “sleeping”
sickness
4. Sporozoans
• All are parasites
• Example =
Plasmodium
Malaria
• Caused by an infected mosquito biting a
human.
• Infected mosquito injects saliva into human
(including plasmodium spores)
• Plasmodium go to liver in human and
reproduce
• Move about in human red blood cells
Results in anemia. Anemia is a condition in which the
body does not have enough healthy red blood cells.
Red blood cells provide oxygen to body tissues
Various stages of the most deadly form of Malaria –
Plasmodium falciparum
From mosquito to human
1.Sporozoites in salivary gland.
2.Oöcysts in stomach wall.
3.Male and female gametocytes.
4.Liver phase.
5.Release of merozoites from
liver.
These enter red cells where both
sexual and asexual cycles
continue.
Plant-like protists
• Euglena
• Diatom
• Dinoflagellate
Euglena
• Move with a flagella
• Autotroph – usually
green in color
Flagella
Chloroplasts
Diatoms
• Water-dwelling organisms
– very abundant near the
oceans’ surface; “Golden
Algae”
• Enclosed in a two part
glassy shell
• Can be used in car polish,
tooth paste and form part
of the Earth’s crust
Dinoflagellates
• Can produce sparkles
in ocean water
• Contain cell walls that
help propel them
through water
• If reproduce too
quickly can cause Red
Tide, killing fish
Reproduction
• Most reproduce
through fission –
splitting into two
parts.
Credits
• http://www.microscopyuk.org.uk/mag/indexmag.html?http://www.microscopyuk.org.uk/mag/wimsmall/cilidr.html
• http://www.microscope-microscope.org/applications/pondcritters/protozoans/mastigophora/mastigophora.htm
• http://www.rph.wa.gov.au/labs/haem/malaria/history.html