Download Grammar :25 marks

Way to success
10th English
Section II
Qn :
15 - 30
English
I
Grammar :25 marks
-f<kh<hGkqbqz<!4!hqvqUgt<!dt<te/!
)
!
1) Grammar-one mark )-zg<g{l<!yV!lkqh<oh{<!uqeig<gt<.21*!10 x 1 = 10
2) Transformations )lix<xqbjlk<kz<.-V!lkqh<oh{<!uqeig<gt<.6* 5 x 2 = 10
3) Punctuation )ohvqb!wPk<K?!gli?!Ht<tq…/!wPKkz<*!!!!!!!!!!!!!6!
!
&e<X!hGkqgtqZl<!njek<K!uqeig<gTg<Gl<!hkqz<!ntqg<g!Ou{<Ml<!!!
Part-I: Grammar-one mark
15. If clause (book-77,172)
!!
yVosbz<!fmf<kiz<!-e<oeiV!osbz<!fmg<Gl<!we<X!osiz<ZuK!If clause nz<zK Conditional clause
NGl</!-kqz<!&e<X!ujggt<!d{<M/!
No
Type I
Types
Probable / Possible
Conditions:!!
)fjmohxg<%cb!osbz<gt<*<!
Type II! Improbable / Imaginary
Conditions:
(gx<hjebie!osbz<*!
Type III! Unfulfilled Conditions
(fqjxOuxik!osbz<gt<*:!
Condition
If + verb (Present form)
Result
Will, won’t, shall,
shan’t, can, can’t, may
(am/is/are/verb/Verb+s,es,ies)
If + verb (Past form)
Would, wouldn’t,
should, shouldn’t
(were / Verb+d,ed,ied,id/
could, couldn’t
Verb’s Past form)
If + verb (Past Perfect form) Would have, wouldn’t
have, should have,
(had + Verb’s Past participle
shouldn’t have, could
form)
have, couldn’t have
!
1. Probable / Possible Conditions:!)fjmohxg<%cb!osbz<gt<*<
• yVosbz<!fmf<kiz<!-e<oeiV!osbz<!)-eq*!fmg<Gl<!we<X!osiz<ZuK/!!
• -kqz<!uig<gqbk<kqe<!Lkz<!hGkqbqz<!verbe< Present form!-Vg<Gl</!!
• -v{<miuK! hGkqbqz<! Will, won’t, shall, shan’t, can, can’t, may we<x auxiliary verbgt<!
-Vg<Gl</!
1. If Sachin hits a century, India will win the match.!!)ss<sqe<!ose<Svq!nck<kiz<?!-f<kqbi!ouz<Zl<*!
2. If you ring the bell, the door will be opened. )fQ!l{qbck<kiz<?!gkU!kqxg<Gl<*!
3. If I am a teacher, I will teach you. )fie<!yV!Nsqvqbvig!-Vf<kiz<?!fie<!deg<G!gx<Xk<kVOue<*!
4. You will be happy, if your family is small
)fQr<gt<!lgqp<s<sqbig!-Vh<hQv<gt<?!dr<gt<!GMl<hl<!sqxqbkig!-Vf<kiz<*!
5. If you are attentive, you will not miss any point.!
6. If you do not study well, you will fail in exam.
7. If you study well, you will not pass.
8. If you do not play well, you will not win the match.
9. If I have a piece of chalk, I can write on the board.
10. If you eat too much, you will be ill.
!!!!
)Gxqh<H;!-f<k!type-z<!-bx<jg!fqgp<Ugt<!uf<kiz<!nux<Xg<G!will Ohimk<Okjubqz<jz/!!w/gi;!
If you heat the ice, it melts. - If you drop a piece of wood in the water, it floats)
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10th English
16. Sentence pattern (book-133,172):
ogiMg<gh<hm<m!uig<gqbk<jk!hqvqk<K!nke<!uig<gqb!njlh<jhg<!gi{!Ou{<Ml<!
!
dr<gt<!fqjeuqx<G:Subject!)wPuib<*
Verb!)hbeqjz*
Object)osbh<hMohiVt<*
Indirect Object (IO)
Direct Object (DO)
Complement (C)
Adverbial
or Adjunct (A)
biv<@!wK@!)verb.g<G!Le<eiz<!uVuK*
we<e@!)osbjzg<Gxqh<hK*
bijv@!wjk@
biVg<G@!wkx<G@ (me, us, her, him, them)
bijv@!wjk@!(things, persons)
Explains the subject. It only completes the sentence.
Ex: He is a doctor.
S V
C
)wPuib<!nz<zK!osbh<hMohiVjt!uqtg<GgqxK*
"am, is, are, was, were, have, has, had, become, look, feel, grow, seem,
taste, smell, appear,… Ohie<x be form verb.g<G!hqxG!uVl<!
noun/adjective
" make, name, call, think, elect, find, choose, appoint, consider, keep,
prove, struck Ohie<x Main Verb uf<K!nkjek<!okimv<f<K!!Object!
uf<kiz<!nkjek<!okimv<f<K!!uVl<!!uiv<<k<jkgOt!Object
Complement (C)
Ex: We elected Ravi a leader.
S
V
O
C
wh<hc@!wr<Og@!wh<ohiPK@!!
)nz<zK!Preposition -Vf<kiz<*
Examples:
1. He / is / a good player.
S+V + C
2. The cat / slept / under the table.
S + V + A
3. He / wrote / the examination / in this room.
S +V + O
+
A
4. My father / gave / me / some books.
S + V + IO + DO
5. They / elected / Jayalalitha / chief Minister.
S
+V
+ O
+ C
6. Birds / fly.
S + V
7. My friend / bought / a book.
S
+ V
+ O
8. It / is / there.
S +V +A
9. Our teacher/teaches / us / grammar / every day.
S + V + IO + DO + A
10. she / looks / pretty / in this dress.
S+ V + C + A
Exercise:
Identify the pattern of the following sentences:
1. Reading made him a complete man. (April-2012)
a) S V O C
b) S V IO DO
c) S V O A
d) SVO
2. He answered my question instantly (Model-2012)
a) SVOA
b) SVCA
c) SV IO DO d) SVC
3. Birds fly in the sky.
a) SVIODO b) SVOA
c) SVCA
d) SVA
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10th English
4. Sheela is a cleaver girl and she is the best singer.
(]Qzi!yV!Hk<kqsizqh<oh{<!lx<Xl<!nut<!sqxf<k!himgq*!
5. If you walk daily, you will be healthy.
(fQ!kqeLl<!fmf<kiz<!fQ!fzlig!-Vh<hib<*!
6. Having finished his meals, he watched TV
(ke<!d{ju!Lck<Kg<ogi{<M!nue<!TV hiv<k<kie<*
7. Since it rained heavily, all trains are stopped.
(geljp!ohb<kkiz<!njek<K!-vbqz<gTl<!fqXk<kh<hm<me*!
8. Opening the door, she came in.
(gkjuk<!kqxf<Kogi{<M!nut<!dt<Ot!uf<kit<*!
9. Kannan was neither intelligent nor diligent
(g{<{e<!Hk<kqsizqBlz<z"!gce!djph<hitqBlz<z*!
10. As it may rain we shall stay at home.
(ljp!ohb<bzil<!we<hkiz<!fil<!uQm<cz<!-Vf<KuqMOuil<*!
when-ohiPK? though--Vf<kOhikqZl?< if-Nz<? as--Vh<hkiz< before-Le<eiz< after-hqxG!
!
26. Active voice , Passive voice (book-109)
!!
Active voice - osb<uqje!)nue<!-kjes<!osb<kie<!.!biv<!we<x!uqeiuqe<!uqjm*!
Passive voice - osbh<him<Muqje!)-K!nueiz<!osb<bh<hm<mK!.!we<e!we<x!uqeiuqe<!uqjm*!
Active Voice to Passive Voice: (osbh<him<Muqjebig!lix<Xl<!Ljx*!
Ravi
Subject
Object
Football
Plays
+
football
Verb
Verb change
is played
+
by
by
Object
Subject
Ravi
Step 1: Interchange the subject and Object. )wPuijbBl<!osbhMohiVjtBl<!-ml<!lix<Xg* !
Step 2 :Verb should be changed into PP form . )uqjes<osiz<jz!PPNg!lix<X*!
Step 3 : add ‘by’ after the changed verb. (‘by’ Osv<*!
Step 4 : Write the Subject at last. )Lkzqz<!-Vf<k!wPuijb!gjmsqbqz<!wPKg*
For Verb Change )uqjes<osiz<jz!lix<Xl<!Ljx*:
2/ If it is in Simple Tense add suitable ‘be’ form verb (am/is/are/was/were/shall be/will be) and write the Past
Participle form of verb (PP). !
(Simple tense-Ng!-Vf<kiz<!kGf<k!be verb Osvk<K!verb-J!PPNg!lix<X*!
!
2. If it is in Continuous tense insert ‘being’ and write past participle form of the verb(PP).
(countinous-Ng!-Vf<kiz<!‘being’ -jmbqz<!Osv<k<K!verb-J!PPNg!lix<X*
!
3. If it is in Perfect Tense insert ‘been’ between the have/has/had/shall have/will have and the main verb.
(Perfect(have,had)-Ng!-Vf<kiz<!nkx<Gh<!hqxG!‘been’ Osv<k<kiz<!Osv<k<kiz<!OhiKl<*
Szhlig!fqjeuqz<!juk<Kg<ogit<t;!
Simple Tenses
Continuous Tenses
Perfect Tenses
Present – is / are
Past
- was / were
Future – will be
Insert ‘being’ then PP
Insert ‘been’
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+PP
Way to success
10th English
Part-II: 30. Punctuation (book-175)
1x5=5
ohvqb!wPk<K?!Lx<Xh<Ht<tq?!gix<Ht<tq?!njvh<Ht<tq?!Ogt<uqg<Gxq?!Ns<svqbg<Gxq!!
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!.-ux<jx!Okjubie!-mr<gtqz<!-MuOk!-h<hbqx<sq/!
1 Start with capital letter ( A, B, C, D ……Z)
Lkz<!wPk<jk!capital!wPk<kig<G/
2 Names – start with capital letter.
ohbv<gTg<G!Lkz<!wPk<jk!Ogh<hqmzig<G
3 i keqbig!uf<kiz<!Ogh<hqmzig<G(I)
im uf<kiz<!I’m we!lix<X/!
4 Comma ( , ) for list of things. nkqg!w{<{qg<jgbqz<!ohiVm<gt<!uf<kiz<!gli!?!OhiM/
5 d{i<s<sqgjtk<!okiquqg<Gl<!uig<gqbr<gt<?!uiv<k<jkgtqe<!-Xkqbqz<!uqbh<Hg<Gxq!)"*!-Mg!
O!
Ah!
Oh!
Hurrah! Alas! What an idea!
6 Direct speech!uVl<OhiK?!gQp<gi[l<!ujgbqz<!njlBl<!!
!!!!!!He Said, “ …………………..”
Ram asked, “ ………………..”
Ram exclaimed, “ ……………”
Ram regretted, “ …………….”
%xh<hMl<!osb<kqbieK!“…………//”.z<!njlBl</
7 Apostrophe (’)Olx<Gxq!
uqMhm<m!wPk<Kg<gjtg<!gim<mUl<!w{<gt<?!wPk<Kg<gtqe<!he<jl!gim<mUl<!Noun.e<!
djmjljb!Gxqg<gUl<!Olx<Gxq!hbe<hMgqxK/!
)w/gi*; i) Add two 3’s and five 4’s ii) Anitha’s bicycle. iii) Don’t, iv) Doesn’t
8 Statement sentence )osb<kq!uig<gqbr<gt<*?!Imperative sentence )gm<mjt!uig<gqbr<gt<*!
Ngqbux<xqe<!-Xkqbqz<!)/*!Lx<Xh<Ht<tq!-Mg/!!
)w/gi*!i) Vivek writes well.
ii) Shut the door.
9 Ogt<uq!uig<gqbr<gtqe<!-Xkqbqz<!Ogt<uqg<Gxq!@!-m!Ou{<Ml</)‘Wh’ qns/Yes or No Qns</*!
)w/gi*!i) What is your name?
ii) Have you finished your work?
Exercise: Punctuate the following sentence:
5
1. nagaraj said to his father will you allow me to go on an excursion to kerala (April-2012)
2. help i m drowning
3. the teacher said be sure to turn off the lights when you leave the room (Model-2012)
4. gee what happened to you
5. what you told that old begger all my private affairs cried hughie looking very red and angry
6. asked if she s eaten anything today she laughs we havent even had any tea yet
7. these are the women especially who are now joining the growing force of domestic workers in our cities
8. my god can i climb this hill selvan said
9. giri was one of the 150 passengers who were abroad the fateful plane that crashed while landing at the
mangalore airport he had a miraculous escape as he clung to a tree on which he had landed while jumping from
the plane oh what a narrow escape he thought to himself
10. the little bird asked his mother why dont you allow me to find my own food
Answers:
1. Nagaraj said to his father, “Will you allow me to go on an excursion to Kerala?”
2. “Help! I’m drowning!”
3. The teacher said, “Be sure to turn off the lights when you leave the room.”
4. “Gee! What happened to you?”
5. “What! You told that old begger all my private affairs?” cried Hughie looking very red and angry.
6. Asked if she’s eaten anything today; she laughs, “We haven’t even had any tea yet.”
7. These are the women, especially, who are now joining the growing force of domestic workers in our
cities.
8. “My God! Can I climb this hill?”, Selvan said.
9. Giri was one of the 150 passengers who were abroad the fateful plane that crashed while landing at the
Mangalore airport. He had a miraculous escape, as he clung to a tree on which he had landed while
jumping from the plane. “Oh! What a narrow escape!” he thought to himself.
10. The little bird asked his mother, “Why don’t you allow me to find my own food?”
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