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Chemistry is a material science! How is chemistry defined?
Chemistry is the _______ of ______ its ____________, the ______ matter undergoes,
and the _______ associated with these changes.
Matter is anything that has _______ and takes up _________. This fundamental
definition of matter leads to a common property of matter, namely, _______. Density is
equal to the mass divided by the volume.
The “__________” of matter is its composition. This addresses the question what
______ of atoms and molecules are present in this matter. Matter composed of _______
kind of particle such as an atom or molecule is a pure __________ or simply a
substance. Substances are comprised of only one kind of ________ or ___________.
Substances have _________ properties such as melting and boiling temperature,
solubility and density.
Physical properties can be observed without _______ the ___________ of matter.
Copper wire can conduct electricity and remain copper.
Chemical properties deal with _______________________________________.
Neon gas is non reactive and is called a noble gas. Sodium metal is highly reactive and
must kept under oil to prevent reaction with air or water. Chemical property is the
____________ of the substance.
Physical properties that are the same regardless of the _________ _______ are called
_________ properties. Intensive properties such as density and melting temperature can
be used to ________ a substance. An___________ property such as mass or volume will
vary with the sample size.
___________ are composed of the same type of atom (same element e.g. Ne) or
molecules of the same type of atom (element e.g. N2). Compounds are composed of
atoms of different elements in ________ ______ ratios. For example, carbon dioxide is
always CO2 and carbon monoxide is always CO. Mixtures are a ___________ of
elements with elements or elements with compounds or compounds with other
compounds. Mixtures are a combination of substances with ___________ mass ratios and
as such are not ________.
Changes in matter can be a ____________ change, a ________ change or a ______
change. Substances undergoing a physical change may have an alter state of matter or
changed shape, but never a change in ___________ of the matter itself. When H2O(l) as a
liquid freezes it is H2O(s) as a solid, but there is no change is the fixed ________ of H:O
in H2O. This indicates there is not change in the composition.
Chemical changes are chemical __________ and are more difficult to ________ than
physical changes. In a chemical reaction new _________ are formed with a new and
different set of physical and chemical properties. For example, when H2 and O2 react to
form H2O, water curiously extinguishes flames while O2 supported combustion and H2
was highly _____________. In addition the freezing and boiling temperature of both H2
and O2 is much lower than the corresponding freezing and boiling temperature of
_______.
A_________ change releases the most energy of all the changes. In nuclear changes or
reactions atoms of one element are changed into atoms of _________ element.
Rank changes from the highest to lowest amount of energy associated with the change
itself.