Download CDM - Madhya Pradesh Clean Development Mechanism Agency

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Greenhouse Effect
Greenhouse Gases
Climate Change
Effects of Climate Change
Clean Development Mechanism
Why does India need CDM
What can we Do
There are six identified gases which are
contributing to the changes taking place in our
climate:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Carbon Dioxide
Methane
Nitrous Oxide
Hydrofluorocarbons
Perfluorocarbons
Sulphur Hexafluoride
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The six GHGs covered under the Kyoto
Protocol are not equal either in their
abundance or in terms of their global
warming potential (GWP).
GHGs
GWP
Carbon dioxide
1
Methane
21
Nitrous oxide
310
Hydroflurocarbons
11700
Perflurocarbons
6500-9200
Sulfur hexafluoride
23900
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It is a natural phenomenon.
It has been taking place since the formation
of our planet – Earth.
The Greenhouse Gases (GHGs) make the
planet habitable for all living forms.
A change in the GHG concentration results in
climate change.
There are many effects or impacts which we can
also clearly observe in our surroundings:
Temperature rise
Erratic rainfall
Frequent droughts
Rise of epidemics
Loss of vegetation
Increase of invasive species
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People living in developing countries.
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People suffering from high levels of poverty.
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People living in coastal areas.
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People who do not have adequate access to
resources and health care.
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Imagine if sea level rises by some feet in a
city like Mumbai or Chennai !!!
They are the major ports and also contribute
a lot to the country’s GDP.
Mumbai is known as the ‘Commercial Capital’
of the country.
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Started in the 20th century when in 1938, Guy S
Callender suggested that the warming trend
revealed in the 19th century had been caused by
a 10% increase in atmospheric carbon dioxide
from the burning of fossil fuels.
The United Nations Conference on the Human
Environment (also known as the Stockholm
Conference) was an international conference held
in 1972. It was the UN's first major conference on
international environmental issues, and marked a
turning point in the development of international
environmental politics.
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Protocol to UNFCCC
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International & Legally Binding agreement
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Adopted on December 11, 1997
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Entered into force on February 16, 2005
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Reduction targets average to 5.2% against
1990 levels over 2008-2012
CDM is a cooperative mechanism established
under the Kyoto Protocol (KP) to the United
Nations Framework Convention on Climate
Change (UNFCCC).
CDM emerged from the Kyoto Protocol.
Clean Development Mechanism: How it works?
The reduced GHGs in Non–Annex I countries can be sold to an
Annex I country
Developing Country (Non Annex 1)
Developed Country (Annex 1)
Seller
Buyer
Carbon Credits (CERs)
Actual
emissions
Emission
cap
A CDM project reduces
the GHG emissions
in the CDM country
Carbon Value
(Euro)
11.11.2011
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A CER represents one tonne of CO2equivalent
green-house
gas
emissions
reductions achieved through a Clean
Development Mechanism project.
It can be used to meet an Annex I Party’s
emission commitment or as the unit of trade
in greenhouse gas emissions trading
systems.
CDM Project Cycle
Steps of the
project
Feasibility Check
PCN,
PDD
Host Country
Approval
Validation of the
Project
Registration
Project realization
Monitoring
Verification/
Certification
Issuance of CERs
Responsible
party involved
Project Developer
1st Operational
Entity
Executive Board
Project Developer
2nd Operational
Entity
Executive Board
11.11.2011
Duration: 8 to 12 Months
Project
Development
CDM Application
Steps of the project
cycle
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
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Energy industries (renewable - / nonrenewable sources).
Energy distribution
Energy Demand
Manufacturing Industries
Chemical Industries
Construction
Transport
Mining/Mineral Production
Metal Production
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
Fugitive emissions from fuels (solid, oil and
gas)
Fugitive emissions from production and
consumption of halocarbons and sulphur
hexafluoride
Solvent use
Waste handling and disposal
Afforestation and reforestation
Agriculture
India is the 7th largest country in the world by area
India is the 2nd largest country in the world by
population
India is the 4th largest country in the world by
economy
India is the 2nd largest country in the world by rate
of economic growth.
Still, we face a lot of socio-economic problems
which are a matter of concern:
Poverty
Food Insecurity
Health Problems
Resource Scarcity
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Sustainable development (SD) is a pattern
of resource use, that aims to meet human
needs while preserving the environment so
that these needs can be met not only in the
present, but also for generations to come.
Sustainable
development
ties
together
concern for the carrying capacity of natural
systems with the social challenges facing
humanity.
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To preserve the reserves of Non - Renewable
Energy Sources.
We have a moral as well as constitutional
responsibility towards safeguarding the
needs of the future generations.
In India, we pray to rivers, trees, forests, etc.
and thus, we should use them responsibly.
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The National Action Plan on Climate Change
(NAPCC) was released by the Prime Minister on
30th June 2008.
It outlines a national strategy that aims to enable
the country adapt to climate change and
enhances the ecological sustainability of India’s
development path.
It stresses that maintaining a high growth rate is
essential for increasing living standards of the
vast majority of people of India and reducing
their vulnerability of the impacts of climate
change.
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National Solar Mission
National Mission on Enhanced Energy Efficiency
National Mission on Sustainable Habitat
National Water Mission
National Mission for Sustaining the Himalayan
Eco-system
National Mission for a Green India
National Mission for Sustainable Agriculture
National Mission on Strategic Knowledge for
Climate Change
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Perform, Achieve and Trade Mechanism:
◦ Assign energy efficiency improvement targets to
the country's most energy-intensive industrial
units, with the provision of allowing them to retain
any energy-efficiency improvements in excess of
their target in the form of Energy Savings
Certificates, called ESCerts. Units will also be
allowed to use purchased ESCerts to meet their
targets.
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Bachat Lamp Yojna:
◦ The Bachat Lamp Yojana PoA is a scheme developed
by BEE to promote energy efficient lighting in India.
◦ Under the BLY scheme quality long-life CFLs would
be distributed by SSC-CPA implementer(s) to gridconnected residential households in exchange of an
incandescent lamp (ICL) and INR 15.
◦ Once the CFLs have reached their end of life or any
CFLs which have failed prematurely during the
project period, the SSC-CPA implementer(s) would
arrange for the collection and disposal of CFLs as
per applicable environmental norms.
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Get Active.
Walk at short distances and use public
transport.
Save Electricity at your homes and
workplaces.
Buy local groceries.
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Switch to Renewable Energy Sources.
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Reduce, Reuse and Recycle.
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Switch off appliances when not in use.
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Plant as many trees as you can.
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Think Globally but Act Locally.