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Timeline of Cold War 1945-1950 1945 February 4-11: Yalta Conference meeting of FDR, Churchill, Stalin - the 'Big Three' The Cold War Begins May 8: VE Day - Victory in Europe. Germany surrenders to the Red Army in Berlin July: Potsdam Conference - Germany was officially partitioned into four zones of occupation August 6: The United States drops an atomic bomb on Hiroshima (20 kiloton bomb 'Little Boy' kills 80,000) Three days later, the United States drops an atomic bomb on Nagasaki (22 kiloton 'Fat Man' kills 70,000) August 14: Japanese surrender - End of World War II 1946 February 9: Stalin hostile speech - Communism & Capitalism were incompatible March 5: Iron Curtain Speech by Winston Churchill March 10: Truman demands Russia leave Iran July 1: Operation Crossroads with Test Able was the first public demonstration of America's atomic arsenal November: Joseph McCarthy of Wisconsin is elected to US Senate 2 1947 March 12: Truman Doctrine - Truman declares active role in Greek Civil War March 22: Truman issue Executive Order 9835, creating a loyalty program for all federal employees June: Marshall Plan is announced setting a precedent for helping countries combat poverty, disease and malnutrition September 2: Rio Pact (U.S. meet 19 Latin American countries and created a security zone around the Western Hemisphere) October: Member of the Hollywood Ten appear before the HUAC 1948 February 25: Communist takeover in Czechoslovakia March 17: Brussels Pact organized to protect Europe from Communism April: Hollywood Ten are convicted of Contempt of Congress June 24: Berlin Blockade begins lasting 11 months. US and UK planes deliver food, medicine and other supplies to people of West Berlin. Berlin Airlift lasts through September of 1949 1949 April 4: NATO ratified August: Whittaker Chambers and Alger Hiss testify before HUAC 3 August 29: USSR successfully tests its first atomic bomb October 1: Communist Mao Zedong takes control of China and establishes the People's Republic of China December 2: Whittaker Chambers leads HUAC investigators to stolen government documents hidden in a pumpkin field 1950 January 21: Alger Hiss is convicted of perjury January 30: Truman approved H-bomb development February2: Klaus Fuchs is arrested in Great Britain and charged with sharing atomic secrets with Soviets February 9: Senator Joseph McCarthy tells an audience in West Virginia, that there are 205 known Communists working in the State Department March 1: Klaus Fuchs is sentenced to 14 years in prison March 8: Tydings Commision begins hearings to investigate McCarthy’s State Department charges June 25: Korean War begins when Communist troops from North Korea launch a surprise invasion of South Korea July 17: FBI arrests Julius Rosenberg on spying charges