Download Evolution - Scientists Table

Evolution  Scientists and their Theories
Name/ Date
Linnaeus → Mid 1700’s
General Idea
Taxonomy
Specifics
• Naming system based on common anatomy
• Binomial nomenclature → genus and specie
• Used later by Darwin
Hutton → 1795
Gradualism
• Theory = changes of the Earth’s geological features are
due to slow but continuous processes (cumulative)
Lamarck → 1809
Evolution
• Use and Disuse Theory → parts you use become
stronger
• Said you could inherit acquired characteristics
(WRONG!)
Malthus → 1798
Populations
• Capacity of organisms to over-reproduce
• Populations increase faster than food supply and other
resources
Cuvier → Early 1800’s
Paleontology
• Studied fossils
• Deeper fossils = more different from present organisms
• Catastrophism → boundary between strata of fossils
must be marked by a catastrophe in time (flood, drought,
etc)
Lyell → 1830
Uniformitarianism
• Geological processes have not changed throughout time
→ the rates are the same today (eroding mountains)
Darwin → 1850’s
Evolution
Natural Selection
• Occurrence of evolution
• Natural selection as a mechanism for evolution
•Before Darwin, people thought that the Earth was only
6000 years old and that species didn’t change
Mendel → 1865
Inheritance
Wallace → 1858
Evolution
Natural Selection
• Dominant/ Recessive → Father of Genetics
• Developed a theory very similar to Darwin’s and
published earlier
• Darwin = more proof and more extensive, so he gets
credit