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Consulta: creatorFacets:"Narrod,
Registros recuperados: 10
Data/hora: 09/06/2017 03:17:59
Clare A."
A Supply-Chain Analysis of Food Safety Standards Related to the Use of Wastewater for Irrigation of
Crops
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Lagerkvist,
Carl Johan; Johansson,
Helena; Birol,
Ekin; Roy,
Devesh; Narrod,
Clare A.
Irrigation with raw or diluted wastewater is a widespread phenomenon, occurring on 20 million hectares across the developing
world, especially in Asian countries, but also in peri-urban areas around almost every city of sub-Saharan Africa and in many
Latin American cities. Growing urban populations and consequent increases in demand for food and water has spurred the use of
sewage to water crops as this is, in many cases, the only form of irrigation for farmers who either lack clean water or for whom
clean water is too expensive. Wastewater has high nutrient value and constitutes a reliable source (Scott et al., 2004). It is mostly
used to produce cash crops (e.g. vegetables and cereals). For example, it has been estimated that in most parts of Sub-...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Farm Management; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety;
Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; Risk and Uncertainty.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/59115
Determinants and Implications of the Growing Scale of Livestock Farms in Four Fast-Growing
Developing Countries
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Delgado,
Catelo,
Christopher L.; Narrod,
Maria Angeles; Costales,
Paul; de Zen,
Clare A.; Tiongco,
Achilles; Mehta,
Marites M.; Barros,
Rajesh; Naranong,
Geraldo Sant'Ana de Camargo;
Viroj; Poapongsakorn,
Nipon; Sharma,
Vijay
Sergio.
he rapid growth in consumer demand for livestock offers an opportunity to reduce poverty among smallholder livestock farmers in
the developing world. These farmers’ opportunity may be threatened, however, by competition from larger-scale farms. This
report assesses the potential threat, examining various forms of livestock production in Brazil, India, the Philippines, and
Thailand. Findings show that the competitiveness of smallholder farms depends on the opportunity cost of family labor and
farmers’ ability to overcome barriers to the acquisition of production- and market-related information and assets. Pro-poor
livestock development depends, therefore, on the strengthening of institutions that will help smallholders overcome the
disproportionately high...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Developing countries; Economic aspects; Industrialization; Profit efficiency; Environmental externalities;
Smallholder competitiveness; Livestock productivity; Livestock Industrialization; Scaling up; Livestock Production/Industries.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/92804
Food Safety Requirements in African Green Bean Exports and Their Impact on Small Farmers
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Okello,
Julius Juma; Narrod,
Clare A.; Roy,
Devesh.
Many African countries have moved into the production of non-traditional agricultural products, in an effort to diversify their
exports and increase foreign currency earnings. However, in order to access developed country markets and urban domestic
markets, these products must meet food safety requirements, including protocols relating to pesticide residues, field and pack
house operations, and traceability. Faced with stringent food safety requirements, companies that establish production centers in
low-income countries might exclude poor farmers, thus negatively impacting the poor. We herein study this issue in the case of
the green bean export sectors in three African countries: Ethiopia, Kenya and Zambia. In the short-term, stringent food safety...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International food safety standards; Smallholders; Supply chains; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety;
International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/42362
Institutional Innovations for Smallholder Compliance with International Food Safety Standards:
Experiences from Kenya, Ethiopian and Zambian Green Bean Growers
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Okello,
Julius Juma; Narrod,
Clare A.; Roy,
Devesh.
Many African countries have moved into the production of non-traditional agricultural products to diversify their exports and
increase foreign currency earnings. Accessing developed country markets requires meeting food safety standards brought about by
several demand and supply side factors. Food retailers in the EU, the major destination market, have developed protocols relating
to pesticide residue limits, field and packinghouse hygiene, and traceability. In this changing scenario where food safety
requirements are getting increasingly stringent, there are worries that companies that establish production centers in LDCs might
exclude smallholder farmers. In this paper, we study the cases of green beans production in Ethiopia, Kenya and Zambia for
export...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: International food safety standards; Compliance; Smallholder farmers; Institutional arrangements; Collective
action; Producer organizations; Public-private partnerships; Agricultural and Food Policy; Consumer/Household Economics;
Environmental Economics and Policy; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Labor and Human
Capital; Marketing; Production Economics; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/52183
PATHOGEN REDUCTION OPTIONS IN SLAUGHTERHOUSES AND METHODS FOR
EVALUATING THEIR ECONOMIC EFFECTIVENESS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Narrod,
Clare A.; Malcolm,
Scott A.; Ollinger,
Michael; Roberts,
Tanya.
Foodborne pathogens cause millions of human illnesses annually, many resulting in death or chronic illnesses. Universal
methods to evaluate microbial risks and their associated costs have yet to be developed. Typically, risk analysis and economic
analysis have been carried out independently. In this paper, we link a risk analysis model based on typical slaughterhouse
practices with a decision model to evaluate the cost effectiveness of various combinations of pathogen reducing technologies.
We describe technological change with regard to pathogen reduction in meat and compare the use, effectiveness, and the degree to
which different control technologies have penetrated the market. We follow with the description of a cost-effectiveness
framework for...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Health Economics and Policy.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/21562
RESOURCE QUALITY AND AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY: A MULTI-COUNTRY
COMPARISON
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Wiebe,
Keith D.; Soule,
Meredith J.; Narrod,
Clare A.; Breneman,
Vincent E.
This paper builds on earlier studies of agricultural productivity by incorporating spatially referenced soil and climate data
combined with high-resolution land-cover data. Econometric analysis of these data, along with panel data on agricultural inputs
and outputs from 110 countries for 1961-1997, quantifies the significant impact that differences in land quality have on
agricultural productivity.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Productivity Analysis.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/21723
TECHNOLOGY, POLICIES, AND THE ROLE OF THE PRIVATE SECTOR IN THE GLOBAL
POULTRY REVOLUTION
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Narrod,
Clare A.
This paper was presented at the INTERNATIONAL TRADE IN LIVESTOCK PRODUCTS SYMPOSIUM in Auckland, New
Zealand, January 18-19, 2001. The Symposium was sponsored by: the International Agricultural Trade Research Consortium,
the Venture Trust, Massey University, New Zealand, and the Centre for Applied Economics and Policy Studies, Massey
University. Dietary changes, especially in developing countries, are driving a massive increase in demand for livestock products.
The objective of this symposium was to examine the consequences of this phenomenon, which some have even called a
"revolution." How are dietary patterns changing, and can increased demands for livestock products be satisfied from domestic
resources? If so, at what cost? What will be the flow-on...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy; Industrial Organization; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging
Technologies.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/14567
The Role of Public-Private Partnerships and Collective Action in Ensuring Smallholder Participation
in High Value Fruit and Vegetable Supply Chains
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Narrod,
Clare A.; Roy,
Devesh; Okello,
Julius Juma; Avendano,
Belem; Rich,
Karl M.
Many developing countries have moved into the production of non-traditional agricultural products to diversify their exports and
increase foreign currency earnings. Accessing developed country markets and urban domestic markets requires meeting the food
safety requirements due to several demand and supply side factors. Food retailers have developed protocols relating to pesticide
residues, field and packinghouse operations, and traceability. In this changing scenario where food safety requirements are getting
increasingly stringent, there are worries regarding the livelihood of the poor since companies that establish production centers in
LDCs might exclude them. Poor producers face problems of how to produce safe food, be recognized as producing safe...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food safety; Supply chain management; Public private partnerships; Collective action; Public and private
standards; Traceability; Agribusiness; Community/Rural/Urban Development.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/50001
THE SIGNIFICANCE OF INTERCEPTIONS OF FRESH PRODUCE FROM LATIN AMERICA
AND THE CARIBBEAN INTO THE UNITED STATES
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Narrod,
Clare A.; Malcolm,
Scott A.; Kost,
William E.
This paper develops a method to examine data on fresh produce imports from Latin America and the Caribbean into the United
States from 1993-1999 to determine: 1) if there are significant differences in frequency of interceptions for a specific product for
the region or a specific country within the region, and 2) whether significant changes in trade flows for specific products have
occurred between points of origin and ports of entry. The results show that there are indeed differences between countries with
respect to interception frequency, however current data on the fumigation frequency for a commodity/country or commodity/port
of entry is not sufficient to determine the causes that underlie differences in frequencies between countries.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/21789
Why market institutions disfavor smallholder farmers’ compliance with international food safety
standards: Evidence from Kenya, Zambia and Ethiopia
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Okello,
Julius Juma; Narrod,
Clare A.; Roy,
Devesh.
This paper examines the high value chains (HVC) for green bean exports from Africa to identify the critical points at which
exporters exercise great caution in preventing produce contamination with pathogens and pesticide residues. It then examines the
control points that pose greatest threat to continued participation of smallholder farmers in the HVC and discusses the strategies
African countries have used to maintain smallholder farmers in the green bean HVC. The paper identifies six critical control
points. Among these, smallholders are most threatened with exclusion from HVC at two control points. At those points the farmer
must make costly lumpy investments to meet the standards. To overcome the likelihood of smallholders being excluded from
HVC at...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Smallholder farmers; International food safety standards; Critical control points; Exclusion; Green beans;
Africa; Health Economics and Policy; International Development; Marketing.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51900