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Name: __________________________________ Per.:______ Date: __________ Ch. 7 Photosynthesis Self Check 7.7: Light Reaction: Photosystems 1. What does it mean for an electron to be “excited”? 2. What causes electrons to be “excited” in photosynthesis? 3. When electrons “fall” from an excited to “ground” (normal) state, what happens in terms of energy? 4. Photosystems consist of _________________________ molecules (like chlorophyll a, b, and carotenoids) that are bound to membrane proteins. These molecules absorb photons of light and pass energy from molecule to molecule. 5. Inside each photosystem are molecules that act as electron – acceptors. When they accept electrons they become (oxidized/reduced). 6. There are two photosystems that work together in the light reaction: Photosystem II and Photosystem I. Photosystem II is absorbs wavelengths of light that are ___________ nm and Photosystem I absorb wavelengths of light that are ______________ nm. Both photosystems have a preference for _________________ (color) light. 7. Where are these photosystems located? (specifically) 7.7: Photosystems generate ATP and NADPH 1. When P680 absorbs photons of light, it’s excited electrons are passed to the __________________________. What replaces the electrons left P680? 2. The excited electrons pass from photosystem II to photosystem I via a system of membrane proteins called the _____________________________. As excited electrons move from one protein to next, energy is (absorbed/released). This process is (endergonic/exergonic). The energy released is used to make _________. 3. When photons excite pigment molecules in photosystem I, the excited electrons of P700 are donated to its primary acceptor. What replaces the electrons from P700? (Where do those electrons come from?) 4. The excited electrons from the primary acceptor in Photosystem I are passed to proteins and are finally accepted by _____________ which is reduced to become ______________ (The final electron acceptor). 7.9: Making ATP during the Light Reaction 1. The energy released by “falling” electrons moving through the electron transport chain (ETC) is used to pump ________ ions into the thylakoid. 2. Where is the [H+] the greatest? 3. Discuss the movement of H+ in terms of concentration gradient. 4. What type of transport is this? 5. The H+ ions then move through a transport protein that also acts as an enzyme that phosphorylates ADP. This protein is called ______________________. 6. What type of transport is occurring when H+ ions move through ATP synthase? Discuss in terms of concentration gradients and energy. 7. ATP synthase facilitates the following reaction: ADP + Pi ATP. This reaction involves (dehydration synthesis/ hydrolysis) 8. How do the ETC and ATP synthase work together? 9. Chemiosmosis is the production of ATP using [H+] gradients across a membrane. Explain how it works. 10. In photosynthesis, the chemiosmotic production of ATP is called, ________________________________ because the initial energy input is light energy. 7.10 Calvin Cycle (Light Independent) 1. Inputs for Calvin Cycle are: ____________, ____________, and ____________ 2. Takes place in the _____________________ . 3. Adds the carbon from CO2 to a sugar called RuBP. How many carbons does RuBP have? _______________ 4. When a carbon is added to RuBP it forms a 6-Carbon compound that is unstable and breaks apart into a ______ - carbon compound called 3-PGA. 5. ATP is (made/used), to modify 3-PGA into a sugar. 6. How is NADPH involved in the Calvin cycle? 7. The output of the Calvin cycle is a 3-carbon sugar called ____________. Some of these molecules will be assembled into sugars and starches and some will be recycled back into _______________ molecules so that they cycle can continue. 8. The sugar made in photosynthesis is “highly reduced”. Explain. 7.11: Review of two stages of Photosynthesis Sugars used in Respiration; Make Cellulose; Starch; Other Organic Compounds 1. What happens to the sugar made in photosynthesis? Ch. 7.12: Adaptations to save water in hot, dry climates C3 plants – are plants that start the Calvin cycle by making a 3-carbon compound, 3PGA. 2. What do C3 plants do in response to hot, dry weather by … 3. How does this help conserve water? 4. What gas builds up inside the plant during these conditions? 5. When oxygen is added to RuBP, instead of carbon (from carbon dioxide), can sugar be made? 6. Enzyme that adds carbon or oxygen to RuBP (rubisco) binds with oxygen more favorably than CO2. Oxygen and carbon dioxide can both fit in rubisco’s active site. This is an example of _____________________________ in enzyme activity. C4 Plants 7. C4 plants adapt to hot, dry weather by (opening/closing) stomates. 8. C4 plants have different enzymes that allow them to add carbon (from carbon dioxide) to 4-Carbon compound. They use different enzymes that are not binding with oxygen (that is building up). Sugar (can/cannot) be made when stomates are closed in C4 plants. 9. Examples of C4 plants are: ______________________________. CAM Plants 10. CAM plants adapt to hot, dry weather by closing stomates during the (day/night) to conserve water and open stomates during the (day/night). The carbon dioxide admitted at (day/night) is used during the day in the calvin cycle to make sugar. 11. Examples of CAM plants include: ______________________________