* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Download Sex-linked genes, genes located on one of the sex chromosomes (X
Public health genomics wikipedia , lookup
Population genetics wikipedia , lookup
Behavioural genetics wikipedia , lookup
Biology and sexual orientation wikipedia , lookup
Segmental Duplication on the Human Y Chromosome wikipedia , lookup
Sexual dimorphism wikipedia , lookup
History of genetic engineering wikipedia , lookup
Polymorphism (biology) wikipedia , lookup
Essential gene wikipedia , lookup
Genome evolution wikipedia , lookup
Heritability of IQ wikipedia , lookup
Artificial gene synthesis wikipedia , lookup
Gene expression programming wikipedia , lookup
Dominance (genetics) wikipedia , lookup
Gene expression profiling wikipedia , lookup
Ridge (biology) wikipedia , lookup
Polycomb Group Proteins and Cancer wikipedia , lookup
Minimal genome wikipedia , lookup
Biology and consumer behaviour wikipedia , lookup
Microevolution wikipedia , lookup
Designer baby wikipedia , lookup
Genomic imprinting wikipedia , lookup
Quantitative trait locus wikipedia , lookup
Epigenetics of human development wikipedia , lookup
Skewed X-inactivation wikipedia , lookup
Sex-limited genes wikipedia , lookup
Neocentromere wikipedia , lookup
Y chromosome wikipedia , lookup
Sex-linked genes, genes located on one of the sex chromosomes (X or Y) but not the other. Since, typically the X chromosome is longer, it bears a lot of genes not found on the Y chromosome, thus most sex-linked genes are X-linked genes. Typically, X-linked traits show up more in males than females because typical XY males only have one X chromosome, so if they get the allele on their X chromosome, they show the trait. If a typical XX female is a carrier, 50% of her sons will get that X chromosome and show the trait. In order for an XX female to exhibit one of these X-linked traits, most of which are recessive mutations, she would have to have two copies of the allele (X'X'). In humans, two well-known X-linked traits are hemophilia and red-green colorblindness. Hemophilia is the failure (lack of genetic code) to produce certain substance needed for proper blood-clotting, so a hemophiliac’s blood doesn’t clot, and (s)he could bleed to death from an injury that a normal person might not even notice. Again, colorblindness and hemophilia, while rare overall, are more common in XY males, because they only have one X chromosome. For an XX woman to be colorblind, for example, her mother would have to be a carrier for the trait and her father would have to be colorblind.