Download Chapter 4 - Nature v. Nurture and Evolution

Chapter and Topic of this Review Guide:
Chapter 4-Nature, Nurture
Vocab Term
Definition of Term
Behavior Genetics
Study of relative power and limits of
genetic and environmental influences
on behavior
Every nongenetic influence around us
Threadlike structures made of DNA
molecules that contain the genes
Complex molecule containing genetic
information that makes a chromosome
Biochemical unit of heredity that
makes up the chromosomes and
capable of synthesizing a protein
Complete instructions of making an
organism
Develop from single egg
Develop from separate eggs
Person’s characteristic emotional
reactivity and intensity
Proportion of variation among
individuals that we can attribute to
genes
Effect of one factor (environment)
depends on another factor (heritability)
Studies the molecular structure and
function of genes
Study of evolution of behavior and the
mind
Inherited trait variations contributing to
reproduction and survival will most
likely be passed on to succeeding
generations
Random error in gene replication that
leads to a change
Biologically and socially influenced
characteristics by which people define
male and female
Endure behaviors, ideas, attitudes,
values, and traditions shared by a
group and transmitted from generation
to generation
Rule for accepted and expected
behavior
Environment
Chromosomes
DNA
Genes
Genome
Identical Twins
Fraternal Twins
Temperament
Heritability
Interaction
Molecular Genetics
Evolutionary Psychology
Natural Selection
Mutation
Gender
Culture
Norm
Personal Space
Individualism
Collectivism
Aggression
X Chromosome
Y Chromosome
Testosterone
Buffer zone we maintain around our
bodies
Give priority to one’s own goals over
group goals
Give priority to goals of one group and
defining one’s identity
Physical and verbal behavior intended
to hurt someone
Sex chromosome found in both men
and women
Sex chromosome found only in males
Most important of the male sex
hormones, both females and males
have it
Example
School, home, family, etc
Olsen twins
Male and female
American, Hindu, Japanese, etc.
Not paying in change, walking
up/down escalators in the direction
they are going, etc.
Role
Gender role
Gender Identity
Gender Typing
Social learning theory
Gender Schema Theory
Set of expectations about a social
position
Set of expected behaviors for males or
females
Sense of being male or female
Acquisition of traditional masculine or
feminine role
We learn social behavior by observing
and imitating and by being rewarded or
punished
Learn from their cultures a concept of
it means to be male and female and
adjust their behavior
Name of Important Person
What this person is known for
Impact on Psychology
Harry Harlow
Maternal separation and social
isolation experiments (chimpanzees)
Natural Selection
Developmental psychology
Charles Darwin
Evolutionary psychology