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March 2, 2010
Unit 3: Genetics
The Central Dogma and Transcription
Answer the following questions to see if you understand transcription.
Central Dogma
1. Using at least one complete sentence, state the central dogma of biology.
2. Using words and arrows, show the central dogma of biology.
3. Using the central dogma, explain why RNA is important for making protein.
DNA v. RNA
4. Complete this chart comparing and contrasting DNA and RNA.
DNA
# of strands
Nitrogenous
bases used
Type of sugar in
backbone
What does it do
with genetic
information?
Is it made of
nucleotides?
Where is it found?
Complimentary
strand to DNA of
GATTACTACGA?
Complimentary
strand to DNA of
TTTAGGGCCCAT
RNA
Transcription
5. What is the definition of transcription?
6. What part of DNA and RNA is the genetic information? What does the genetic information give
instructions for making?
7. Transcribe these DNA strands into their complimentary mRNA strands.
A. : GGGCCCGATAGGGAAAATTAGATCCT
B. ATATGGGAAACCTAGCTACTATCAAAGGTTA
Test Prep Sections: These questions were taken from New York and Texas State Tests. Can you compete with the
brightest around the nation?
90 The molecule coded directly
from DNA is represented
by number
(1) 1 (3) 3
(2)2 (4)4
22 Erwin Chargaff studied the DNA of organisms within a single species. Chargaff discovered that the
amount of adenine is about equal to the amount of thymine. Which of these explains why the ratio of
adenine to thymine is nearly 1:1?
A Adenine and thymine pair with each other.
B Adenine binds with phosphates, while
thymine binds with nitrates.
C Adenine and thymine are identical in
chemical composition.
D Adenine bases contain a form of thymine.