Download medial view, deep surface, right side

OS COXA -
ILIUM LANDMARKS
ALL MEDIAL VIEW, DEEP SURFACE, RIGHT SIDE (EXCEPT WHERE NOTED)
anterior inferior iliac spine
anterior superior iliac spine
auricular surface
greater sciatic notch
OS COXA -
ILIUM LANDMARKS
ALL MEDIAL VIEW, DEEP SURFACE, RIGHT SIDE (EXCEPT WHERE NOTED)
iliac crest
Lateral view, superficial
surface, right side
iliac fossa
iliac tubercle
Lateral view (superficial
surface), left side
(The iliac crest is the origin
for:the tensor fasciae latae)
posterior inferior iliac spine
posterior superior iliac spine
OS COXA -
ISCHIUM AND OS COXA LANDMARKS
Medial view, deep surface (except where noted)
ISCHIUM LANDMARKS – All right side
LATERAL VIEW
SUPERFICIAL SURFACE
Remember that it is your ischial
tuberosity that you sit on!
ischial spine
ischial tuberosity
lesser sciatic notch
OS COXAE LANDMARKS – All left side
acetabulum
Lateral view (superficial surface),
iliopectineal line
obturator foramen
Lateral view (superficial surface),
sacroiliac articulation
The sacroiliac articulation (joint) is a synovial
joint between the sacrum and the ilium.
PELVIC/PUBIC LANDMARKS
PELVIC LANDMARKS – ADULT MALE
pelvic brim
pelvic outlet
symphysis pubis
PUBIC LANDMARKS – ADULT MALE
pubic angle
pubic crest
pubic tubercle
SACRUM LANDMARKS
anterior sacral foramen
posterior sacral foramen
In the sacrum we find both anterior and posterior foramina where the spinal nerves (anterior
and posterior rami respectively) leave the sacral canal. These foramina are comparable to the
intervertebral foramina we found between the cervical, thoracic, and lumbar vertebrae.
sacral promontory
Superior view
Note that the sacral promontory is the anterior,
superior edge of the body of the sacrum.
canal
FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE
body of the uterus
The body of the uterus is caudal and medial to
the two uterine horns, and cranial to the cervix
in the cat. Humans do not have uterine horns.
infundibulum
The infundibulum is an accessory sex organ. It has
embryological origins from the Mullerian duct. It is part
of the uterine tube and is shaped somewhat like a
funnel. It is lined with cilia that produce a current that
usually sweeps the ovum into the uterine tube.
broad ligament of the uterus
The broad ligament is peritoneum. It
provides some support for the uterus,
uterine tubes and ovaries.
ovaries
The ovaries are the primary sex organs of the female.
They are homologous to the testicles. In humans they are
found lateral to the uterus. They lie against the lateral
wall of the pelvis, and are held in place by the mesovarium
of the broad ligament (peritoneum).
horn of the uterus
The paired horns (cornua) of the uterus are
structures found in species that have
litters rather than single births.
round ligament of the uterus
In the female the remnants of the gubernaculum
make up the round ligaments of the ovary and
uterus. The round ligament of the uterus passes
through the mesometrium and inguinal canal and
eventually it anchors the uterus to the labium majus.
Remember that in the male the remnant of the
gubernaculum connects the testis to the fascial sac.
FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE
The probe to your
right is inserted into
the urethra of the
female cat. This is a
different
arrangement than is
found in humans
where the urethra
and vagina exit at
separate points.
urethra
The uterine tube is an accessory sex
organ. It has embryological origins
from the Mullerian duct. In the
human it is about 4 inches long (10
cm) and is found in the superior
border of the broad ligament of the
uterus. it receives the ovum from
the ovary.
uterine tube (fallopian tube, oviduct)
Note that the probe on your
right is inserted into the
urethra. The probe on the
left is pointing at the caudal
end of the vagina.
The vestibule extends from the
union of the urethra and vagina
(probe to your right) to the
outside near the blunt end of
the probe (on your left). It is
considered a urogenital sinus.
vagina
vestibule
MALE REPRODUCTIVE
Crus of
The penis
bulbourethral glands
glans penis
The bulbourethral gland (Cowper's gland) is an accessory sex
gland, which releases its secretions into the urethra during
ejaculation, thereby contributing to the makeup of the semen.
The opening is the terminal end of the urethra, which serves as a
common urogenital opening in the male. The penis is an accessory
sex organ. Proximally it begins with the root of the penis, then
the shaft (or body), and finally the glans penis. It is made up of
three erectile cylinders
Urethra
The prostate gland is an accessory sex gland, which releases
its secretions into the urethra during ejaculation, thereby
contributing about one-third of the makeup of the semen.
prostate
Testes
spermatic cord
vas deferens
BULL TESTICLE
BODY
TAIL
HEAD
cremaster muscle
epididymis (landmarks)
The cremaster muscle is functionally important because it
helps in thermoregulation for the testicle. The cremaster
muscle contracts and relaxes to corresponding cooler and
warmer temperatures. The cremaster muscle was formerly
part of the internal oblique, therefore it is skeletal muscle.
fascial sac (tunica vaginalis)
The fascial sac or tunica vaginalis (translated
this means "ensheathing coat") is formed from
the aponeuroses of the abdominal muscles when
the testis descends through the inguinal canal on
its way to the scrotum.
seminiferous tubules
The seminiferous tubules are coiled microscopic
tubes that produce spermatozoa. Although the initial
phases of spermatogenesis begin during embryonic
development, the actual production of spermatozoa is
delayed until puberty.
The epididymis is an accessory sex organ. It has
embryological origins from the Wolffian duct. It is
found posterior to the testis. The vas efferens
enters the head of the epididymis and empties into
the duct of the epididymis. The coiled tubes that
make up the epididymis are about 20 feet long!
Surrounding the tube is connective tissue. The tube
emerges as the vas deferens from the tail of the
epididymis and begins its course toward the
spermatic cord and the external inguinal ring. The
length of the tube is important as a storage place for
spermatozoa, and it is in this tube that they mature,
which includes the development of a flagellum. The
spermatozoa spend about 20 days in the duct of the
epididymis. The epididymis duct is important in
absorbing testicular fluids and may add substances to
nourish the spermatozoa. Smooth muscles in the
walls of the epididymis contract during ejaculation
causing the spermatozoa to move into the vas
deferens. If there is no ejaculation, the
spermatozoa stay there for up to several months
after which they are phagocytized by the epithelial
cells in the duct.
tunica albuginea