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23. PUNNETT SQUARE- a tool used to
predict the probability of traits in
offspring.
24. DOMINANT- a trait or characteristic
that shows up most often in an organism.
25. RECESSIVE- a trait that is less
likely to show up in an organism.
26. ALLELE- another word for a “gene”
27. HETEROZYGOUS- having 2
different genes (alleles) for a single trait.
28. HOMOZYGOUS- having the same
genes (alleles) for a single trait.
29.GENOTYPE- the actual genetic
makeup of an organism found in the
cells.
30. PHENOTYPE- the actual appearance
that is expressed or shown.
31. ACQUIRED TRAITS- a physical
characteristic that is developed in an
organism from its environment, not
inherited.
32. AUTOSOMES- all of the other
chromosomes except the sex
chromosomes.
33. HOMOLOGOUS
CHROMOSOMES- matching
chromosomes that have the same genes
in the same location.
34. INHERITED TRAIT- a
characteristic that an organism gets from
the parents.
35. SEX CHROMOSOMES- the pair of
chromosomes that determine gender
(male or female)
35 (a) XX- a girl
35. (b) XY – a boy
36. VARIATION- differences in
organisms.
37. INNATE BEHAVIOR- a behavior
that is determined by genetics. (instincts)
38. LEARNED BEHAVIOR- a behavior
that is acquired from the environment or
experience.
39. ADVANTAGES OF SEXUAL
REPRODUCTION*there is variation of offspring
*better able to adapt to changes
40. ADVANTAGES OF ASEXUAL
REPRODUCTION*quicker to reproduce offspring
*does not need to look for mate