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Ecological Organization Characteristics of Life • Biotic – a living thing; consisting of all the characteristics of life • Abiotic – a non-living thing; does not have all the characteristics of life • Living things • Use the universal genetic code • Reproduce • Use energy and • As a population, change over materials time • Are made of cells • Grow and develop • Maintain homeostasis • Respond to the environment • All characteristics must be fulfilled to be considered a living thing Levels of Organization • Ecology – the scientific study of relationships among different organisms and between organisms and their environment • Micro • Atom – the smallest unit of matter • Molecule – a fixed composition composed of two or more covalently bonded atoms • Cell – the basic unit of life • Tissue – a group of similar cells from the same origin • Organ – a group of different tissues • Organ system – a group of multiple organs Biology 11.1 – Ecological Organization Ecological Organization • Both • Organism – an individual • Macro • Population – a group of interbreeding organisms of the same species living together in a given area • Community – the living interacting populations found in one specific area • Ecosystem – the interacting communities and environment found in a specific area • Biome – a group of similar ecosystems found across the world • Biosphere – the regions on Earth where life exists; all of the biomes Biotic & Abiotic Factors • Biotic factors – the living components of the environment that affect a species • Abiotic factors – the nonliving chemical or physical components of the environment that affect a species • Ex) Temperature, rainfall, and sunlight • Biotic and abiotic factors influence multiple levels of organization Biology 11.1 – Ecological Organization