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Name: ________________________________________________________
Plate Tectonics FCAT Review
The Earth, Minerals, and Rocks
 Fill in the Blank
Fill in the blank with the correct word or response. Use correct spelling!
1. This type of rock is found mostly in oceanic crust: __________________________________________
2. This type of rock is found mostly in continental crust: _______________________________________
3. The crust and the brittle upper mantle form a rigid layer called the ___________________________.
4. The ___________________________________ is the part of the mantle that can bend like plastic.
5. Heat transfer by the movement of a heated fluid is called ______________________________.
6. The occurrence of Glossopteris fossils on the widely separated continents of Africa, South
America, Australia, India and Antarctica are evidence for the theory of
_____________________________________________.
7. The theory of ___________________________________ states that pieces of the Earth’s lithosphere
are in constant, slow motion, driven by convection currents in the mantle.
8. The overall pattern created by the alternating magnetic bands of normal and reversed polarity
rocks is called ______________________________________________.
9. The point on Earth’s surface directly above an earthquake’s focus is called the
______________________________.
10. All rocks are made up of _________________________, which are made up of compounds or
elements. All compounds are made of elements, and all elements are composed of a single
type of ____________________.
 Multiple Choice
Circle the correct answer and write the letter of the correct answer in the blank.
____ 11. Scientists who study the forces that make and shape planet Earth are called
a. biologists.
b. chemists.
c. geologists.
d. physicists.
Flynt - _______
Name: ________________________________________________________
____ 12. Earth’s lithosphere is broken into sections called
a. plates.
b. faults.
c. trenches.
d. rifts.
____ 13. Which of the following is NOT true of the asthenosphere?
a. It is located below the Moho.
b. It is plastic.
c. It is where convection occurs.
d. It is part of the brittle upper mantle.
____ 14. Which of the following statements about the inner core is NOT true?
a. The inner core is a solid metal ball.
b. The inner core is made of diamond and quartz.
c. Like a planet within a planet, the inner core spins inside the liquid outer core.
d. The spinning inner core causes Earth’s magnetic field.
____ 15. The three types of heat transfer are
a. divergent, convergent, and transform.
b. intrusive, extrusive, and volcanic.
c. radiation, conduction, and convection.
d. subduction, compression, and liquefaction.
____ 16. Density is
a. how tightly packed the molecules are in a specific volume of a substance.
b. mass per unit volume.
c. the mass of an object divided by the volume of an object.
d. all of the above.
____ 17. In the lava lamp, when the lava is heated, the density of the lava goes down.
This makes the lava
a. rise to the top.
b. sink to the bottom.
c. stay where it is.
d. stay on top.
____ 18. In the lava lamp, when the lava cools off, the lava becomes denser.
This makes the lava
a. rise to the top.
b. sink to the bottom.
c. stay where it is.
d. stay on top.
____ 19. Which of the following is NOT true about convection currents?
a. For a convection current to form, both a fluid and a heat source must be present.
b. Convection currents form because a warm fluid is less dense than a cool fluid.
c. When a fluid is heated, the density of the fluid increases, causing it to rise, forming a
convection current.
d. Convection currents in the asthenosphere may cause the movement of Earth’s
tectonic plates.
Flynt - _______
Name: ________________________________________________________
____ 20. Wegener used all of the following to support his theory of continental drift EXCEPT
a. The location of gold deposits in the Rocky Mountains.
b. The fit of the continents.
c. He found fossils of tropical plants on the island of Spitsbergen in the Arctic Ocean.
d. He found deep scratches called striations caused by glaciers in rocks in South Africa
where the climate is now hot and dry.
____ 21. Scientists rejected Wegener’s theory of continental drift because he could not
a. explain what force pushes or pulls the continents.
b. describe the climate of Pangaea.
c. explain why continental crust was denser than oceanic crust.
d. explain how Glossopteris seeds got from Africa to South America.
____ 22. Which of the following statements about the theory of seafloor spreading is NOT true?
a. This theory was first proposed by Harry Hess.
b. The theory of seafloor spreading says that new crust is continually being created along
mid-ocean ridges.
c. This theory explains why rocks near the MOR are old and get younger as you move
away from the MOR.
d. This theory says that then ocean floor is renewed about every 200 million years as new
crust is formed and old crust gets subducted.
____ 23. Who first proposed the theory of plate tectonics?
a. Harry Hess
b. Alfred Wegener
c. Vine and Matthews
d. J. Tuzo Wilson
____ 24. Sea-floor spreading occurs
a. along deep-ocean trenches.
b. at divergent boundaries.
c. at subduction zones.
d. along transform boundaries.
____ 25. Which of the following statements about the mid-ocean ridge is NOT true?
a. The global mid-ocean ridge is the longest mountain range in the world.
b. The global mid-ocean ridge is the most prominent topographic feature on Earth.
c. The entire length of the global mid-ocean ridge is hidden beneath thousands of feet of
deep ocean.
d. The Mid-Atlantic Ridge is just a small part of the global mid-ocean ridge.
____ 26. Subduction occurs
a. at convergent boundaries.
b. along deep-ocean trenches.
c. where more dense crust sinks beneath less dense crust.
d. all of the above
Flynt - _______
Name: ________________________________________________________
____ 27. This physical feature forms where a divergent boundary occurs on land:
a. A mid-ocean ridge.
b. A rift valley.
c. A deep-ocean trench.
d. A chain of mountains.
____ 28. All of these physical features are associated with convergent boundaries EXCEPT
a. a rift valley.
b. a deep-ocean trench.
c. folded mountains.
d. a volcanic island arc.
____ 29. Which of the following is NOT true of transform boundaries.
a. Transform boundaries are places where two plates slip past each other
moving in opposite directions.
b. At a transform boundary, crust is neither created nor destroyed.
c. Earthquakes frequently occur along transform boundaries.
d. The Himalayas are a real-world example of a transform boundary.
____ 30. Any change in the volume or shape of Earth’s crust is called
a. deformation.
b. faulting.
c. folding.
d. liquefaction.
____ 31. Which stress force pulls on the crust and stretches rock?
a. shearing
b. tension
c. liquefaction
d. compression
____ 32. The vibrations that travel through Earth carrying the energy of an earthquake are called
a. magnitudes.
b. electromagnetic waves.
c. seismic waves.
d. tsunamis.
____ 33. Earthquakes can occur along any plate boundary, but are most commonly associated with
a. convergent boundaries.
b. divergent boundaries.
c. transform boundaries.
d. deep-ocean trenches.
____ 34. Which type of seismic wave arrives first at a seismograph?
a. P-waves
b. S-waves
c. surface waves
d. tsunamis
Flynt - _______
Name: ________________________________________________________
____ 35. The point beneath Earth’s surface where the crust breaks and triggers an earthquake is
called the
a. epicenter.
b. fault.
c. focus.
d. magnitude.
____ 36. An instrument used to measure and record ground movements caused by seismic waves
during an earthquake is called a(n)
a. creep meter.
b. magnetometer.
c. moment magnitude scale.
d. seismograph.
____ 37. _________________ occurs when an earthquake shakes loose, wet soil such as bay fill and
mud, causing buildings to sink or lean over sideways in the soft ground.
a. Shearing
b. Deformation
c. Liquefaction
d. Base-isolation
____ 38. Freiderich Mohs invented
a. a device that measures the transparency of a mineral.
b. a special light to measure mineral fluorescence.
c. a device that locates valuable minerals near the mid-ocean ridge.
d. a scale to describe and compare the hardness of different minerals.
____ 39. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a mineral?
a. naturally occurring
b. organic
c. solid
d. has a crystal structure
____ 40. A mineral like muscovite that splits easily apart along flat surfaces has the property called
a. cleavage.
b. crystal shape.
c. fracture.
d. luster.
____ 41. Earthy, silky, waxy, metallic, and pearly are terms used to describe a mineral’s
a. color.
b. luster.
c. streak.
d. transparency.
____ 42. Color alone cannot be used to identify a mineral because
a. only a few minerals have their own unique characteristic color.
b. Some minerals, like quartz, can exist in dozens of colors.
c. we all see and describe colors a little differently, depending on our eyes.
d. all of the above.
Flynt - _______
Name: ________________________________________________________
____ 43. The property that describes how light passes through a mineral is called
a. color.
b. luster.
c. streak.
d. transparency.
____ 44. You are testing a mineral for hardness. The mineral cannot scratch glass, and a steel knife
does NOT scratch the mineral. What number of hardness would you give this mineral using
Mohs scale of hardness?
a. 5
b. 5.5
c. 6
d. none of the above
____ 45. What mineral has a rating of 10 on Mohs hardness scale?
a. granite
b. diamond
c. calcite
d. quartz
____ 46. Why does each mineral have its own properties that make it different from every other
mineral?
a. So that we can tell it apart from other minerals.
b. Because each mineral has its own hardness, color, luster, etc.
c. Because minerals may form in different places under different conditions.
d. Because each mineral has its own unique chemical composition.
____ 47. Erosion and deposition play roles in the formation of what kind of rock?
a. metamorphic rock.
b. intrusive rock.
c. sedimentary rock.
d. igneous rock.
____ 48. Which of the following is NOT true about magma that cools slowly, deep underground?
a. It forms extrusive rocks like pumice and obsidian.
b. It forms rocks with a coarse-grained texture.
c. It forms intrusive rocks.
d. It forms hard rocks like granite and gabbro used for building.
____ 49. Almost all fossils are found in this type of rock:
a. metamorphic rock.
b. intrusive rock.
c. sedimentary rock.
d. igneous rock.
____ 50. The names of the three major groups of rocks refer to
a. how the rocks formed.
b. where the rocks are formed.
c. when the rocks formed.
d. the size and shape of the rocks’ grains.