Download True/False Indicate whether the statement is true or false. If false

True/False
Indicate whether the statement is true or false. If false, change the identified word or phrase to make
the statement true. (#1 – 5)
Use the diagram below to answer the following questions.
1. At any given pressure, wet albite will melt at a lower temperature than dry albite.
a. True
b. False
2. As pressure increases, the melting point of dry albite decreases.
a. True
b. False
3. The hotter the magma or lava, the greater is its viscosity.
a. True
b. False
4. Lava that has low viscosity moves slower than lava with high viscosity.
a. True
b. False
5. The amount of damage done to structures as a result of an earthquake is the
earthquake’s magnitude.
a. True
b. False
Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. (#6 – 11)
6. Which of
a.
b.
c.
d.
the following are landscape features associated with volcanoes?
uplift, erosion, weathering, and deposition
hot spots and flood basalts
vents, craters, and calderas
batholiths, stocks, sills, dikes, and laccoliths
7. On a seismometer, vibrations of the ground do not move the ____.
a. frame
c. recording drum
b. spring
d. suspended mass
8. A ____ fault forms as a result of horizontal compression.
a. blind
c. strike-slip
b. normal
d. reverse
9. The San Andreas Fault, a result of horizontal shear, is a ____ fault.
a. blind
c. strike-slip
b. normal
d. reverse
10. The locations of seismic belts are determined by plotting ____.
a. earthquake epicenters
c. earthquake foci
b. seismic gaps
d. epicentral distances
11. A numerical scale of earthquake magnitude that takes into account the size of the fault
rupture is the ____.
a. Richter scale
b. modified Mercalli scale
c. moment magnitude scale
d. epicentral distance scale
Matching
Match each type with the correct statement below. You may use a term more than once.
(#12 – 16)
a. basaltic magma
b. andesitic magma
c. rhyolitic magma
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
Forms in the upper mantle
Magma with the lowest viscosity
Usually found at continental margins associated with subduction zones
Magma with the lowest gas content
Most explosive form of magma
Match each type of volcano with the correct illustration or description below.
(#17 – 25)
a. shield volcano
b. cinder-cone volcano
c. composite volcano
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
Broad, gently sloping sides
Steep-sided
Made of layers of tephra and lava
Forms from layers of basaltic lava
Forms as tephra ejected high into the air fall back to Earth and pile around the vent
Largest of the volcanoes
Match each item with the correct definition below. (#26 – 28)
a. vent
b. viscosity
c. crater
26. Internal resistance to flow
27. Opening in Earth’s crust through which lava erupts
28. Bowl-shaped depression around a vent at the top of a volcano
Match each item with the correct description below. You may use a term more than once.
(#29 – 32)
a. surface wave
b. P-wave
c. S-wave
29.
30.
31.
32.
Does not pass through Earth’s liquid outer core
Does not pass through Earth’s interior at all
Squeezes and pulls rocks in same direction as the save travels
Is refracted by Earth’s core
Match each phrase with the correct description below. (#33 – 36)
a.
b.
c.
d.
33.
34.
35.
36.
Liquefaction of soils
Collapse of higher, intact floors onto ground floors
Vertical motions of the seafloor during an earthquake
Natural sway of intermediate buildings equals the period of vibration
of the earthquake
Causes structures to sink into the ground
Type of structural failure called “pancaking”
Type of structural failure related to building height
Results in a tsunami
Match each item with the correct definition below. (#37 – 41)
a.
b.
c.
d.
37.
38.
39.
40.
41.
modified Mercalli scale
magnitude
stress
fault
e. tsunami
Rates earthquake intensity
Wave generated by vertical motions of the seafloor
Forces per unit area acting on a material
Measure of the energy released by a quake
Fracture in rock along which movement occurs
Completion
Complete the table.
Magma Characteristics
Type of Magma
Source Material
Viscosity
Gas Content
Basaltic magma
42.
43.
1–2%
Andesitic magma
44.
45.
3–4%
46.
Continental crust 47.
4-6%
Short Answer
48. Describe the composition and characteristics of andesitic magma.
49. Explain how earthquake magnitude differs from intensity, and which value is more
important to a community.
Volcanoes & Earthquakes
Answer Key
1. a
8. d
15. a
22. c
29. c
36. c
43. low
2. b
9. c
16. c
23. a
30. a
37. a
3. b
10. a
17. a
24. b
31. b
38. e
4. b
11. c
18. b
25. a
32. b
39. c
44. ocean
crust/sediments
45.
intermediate/medium
46. rhyolitic
5. b
12. a
19. c
26. b
33. a
40. b
47. high
6. c
13. a
20. a
27. a
34. b
41. d
7. d
14. c
21. b
28. c
35. d
42. upper
mantle
48.
Andesitic magma is one of the three major types of magma. It forms along continental margins from
oceanic crust or oceanic sediments. Andesitic magma has an intermediate silica content, viscosity,
and gas content.
49.
Magnitude is a measure of the energy released by the earthquake, while intensity is a measurement
that reflects the damage done to structures involved. Intensity would be of more concern to a
community because it reflects damage to buildings and other structures, which may cause loss of
life.