* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Download Hominids
Survey
Document related concepts
Origins of society wikipedia , lookup
Human genetic variation wikipedia , lookup
Multiregional origin of modern humans wikipedia , lookup
Archaic human admixture with modern humans wikipedia , lookup
Homo floresiensis wikipedia , lookup
History of anthropometry wikipedia , lookup
Discovery of human antiquity wikipedia , lookup
Human evolutionary genetics wikipedia , lookup
Evolutionary origin of religions wikipedia , lookup
Homo erectus wikipedia , lookup
Homo naledi wikipedia , lookup
Behavioral modernity wikipedia , lookup
Homo heidelbergensis wikipedia , lookup
Transcript
Hominids The earliest “humanlike” creatures to exist. They lived in Southern and Eastern Africa as long as three to four million years ago. They walked upright and made simple stone tools. All other human species are descendents of the hominids. Homo sapiens Around 250,000 years ago, a third stage in human development begins with a new species. This crucial stage saw hominids develop morphologically, with larger brains, better grip, emergence of larynx and hyoid bones making speech possible. Homo sapiens means wise human being in latin. Homo erectus The second stage in early human development occurred with the appearance of Homo erectus about 1.5 million years ago. These upright walking creatures made use of larger and more varied tools. These Hominids were the first to leave Africa and move into Europe and Asia. This species was able to do so because they were able to start, control and utilize fire. Neanderthals Neanderthals were first found in the Neander Valley in Germany. Their remains have been dated to between 100,000 and 300,000 B.C. This species utilized fire, and used a collection of various tools to survive. They were also the first of the Hominids to bury their dead, leading many scientists to believe that they believed in an afterlife. Neanderthals also made clothing from the animals that they killed for food. Homo sapiens sapiens The first anatomically modern humans appeared in Africa between 150,000 and 200,000 years ago. They began to spread outside of Africa about 100,000 years ago. By 30,000 years ago, Homo sapiens sapiens (wise, wise human being) replaced Neanderthals, who had died out possibly from conflicts between the two. These people moved very, very slowly, searching for food beyond their hunting ground at a rate of 2 – 3 miles per generation. By 10,000 B.C., homo sapiens sapiens were found throughout the entire world. All humans today are belong to this sub group of human beings. Paleolithic Age Paleolithic age is the period of human history when humans used simple stone tools 2,500,000 – 10,000 BCE. They didn’t know how to grow crops or raise animals, but knew when and where to hunt followed vegetation They gathered food like wild nuts, berries, fruits, and a variety of wild grains and green plants and hunted buffalo, horses, bison, wild goats, reindeer, and fish. They were nomadic, moving from place to place, and had no choice but to move with the animal migration and vegetation cycles. Over the years tools became more refined and more useful. The spear was invented, and the harpoon and fish hook helped catch more fish. Both men and women played a role in finding food. Women were the gathers, staying close to camp, while men hunted farther from camp. They started using fire around 500,000 years ago helping with light and heat, enabling them to cook food and stay warm. Making tools and controlling fire were 2 important technological innovations of the Paleolithic Age. Neolithic Age Neolithic means “New Stone” –but don’t get confused. This age has little to do with new stone. The major change in the way of life in the Neolithic age was shift from hunting and gathering to keeping animals and growing food. Between 8000 B.C. and 4000 B.C. systematic agriculture allowed for people to stay in one place, grow their own food and raise livestock for a steady source of meat, milk and wool. Many historians consider this revolution to be the most important development in human history. Archaeology Archaeology is the study of past societies through an analysis of what people have left behind. Archaeologists dig up and examine artifacts of early peoples, such as tools, pottery, paintings, weapons, buildings, and household items. Anthropology Anthropology is the study of human life and culture. Anthropologists use artifacts and the remains of humans, like fossils and teeth to determine how peoples lived their lives.