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Christmas Revision Sheets 5th class
History
The History of Medicine
Pompeii
History of Medicine:
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Shaman= a witch doctor /helped the sick
Hippocrates= famous Greek doctor-believed that sickness was
caused within the body and not by evil spirits.
Hippocratic Oath= doctors will promise to try their best to cure
their patients
Galen= a Greek doctor who treated Gladiators in Rome. He
dissected animals to understand more about how blood flows
around the body and how the heart works.
Romans= discovered that death and disease was caused by dirt
and disease. They built aqueducts to supply clean drinking water
and sewers to remove waste safely.
Middle ages= Bubonic plague/ Black Death =a disease carried by
fleas that lived on rats.
Symptoms of the plague= swollen glands, purple and blue
buboes, red and black rashes, spots and blotches, dizziness,
takes 4-7 days.
Malaria= caused when bitten by a mosquito living in swampy
areas in hot countries
Quinine = a drug made from the bark of the cinchona tree
treats malaria.
Industrial Revolution took place in 18th and 19th century.
Louis Pasteur= French scientist-discovered that diseases are
caused by harmful bacteria/ germs. He pasteurised the milk to
kill of the bacteria.
Pasteurised= heating and cooling the milk kills off the harmful
bacteria so that it is safe to drink,
Joseph Lister= used antiseptics to prevent infections during
operations.
Antiseptics=liquids or creams that helps to kill germs and
prevent diseases from spreading.
Professor Alexander Fleming=discovered penicillin=the first
antibiotic.
Christmas Revision Sheets 5th class
Pompeii
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Pompeii was an ancient Roman city, buried by a volcanic
eruption.
The Roman volcano god is Vulcan, and the Roman name
Vulcano actually is derived from Vulcan's name.
The inhabitants of Pompeii did not know that Vesuvius was a
volcano, as it hadn’t erupted in 1,800 years.
The inhabitants built very close to the volcano as the soil
was fertile.
The longer a volcano sleeps, the more deadly the eruption.
There were signs that Vesuvius was beginning to stir –
earthquakes, ground rising up and underground springs drying
up – but the people didn’t know how to read these signs or
understand what they meant.
The eruption of AD 79 was very unusual, without lava or
other characteristics normally associated with volcanoes.
When archaeologists dug out the city, two thousand years
later, they found petrified bread still in the ovens that had
been baking that day.
Archaeologists learned a great deal from the ruins of this
ancient city because it had been so well preserved.