Download Roots Shoots and Transport Practice Sheet

Advanced Biology II
Roots, Shoots, and Transport Practice Sheet
Fill-in-the-Blanks – Roots
Oak trees, carrots, and dandelions are examples of plants whose deep primary root and its lateral branching represent
a(n) (1)______________________ system. In monocots such as grasses, the primary root is short-lived; in its place,
numerous (2) ______________________ roots arise from the stem of the young plant. Such roots and their branches
are somewhat alike in length and diameter and form a (3) ______________________ root system. Some root epidermal
cells send out absorptive extensions called root (4) ______________________. Vascular tissues form a
(5) ______________________ cylinder, a central column inside the root. Ground tissues surrounding the cylinder are
called the root (6) ______________________. Water entering the root moves from cell to cell until it reaches the
(7) ______________________, the innermost part of the root cortex. This is a sheetlike layer, (one cell thick) around the
vascular cylinder, which includes the (8) ______________________ strip.
Fill-in-the-Blanks – Vascular Tissue
Two types of (9) ______________________ tissues conduct water and nutrients throughout the plant in (9) bundles.
(10) ______________________ conducts water and solutes up from the roots using cells called
(11) ______________________ and vessel members. These cells are (12) ______________________ at maturity.
(13) ______________________ conducts sugars and other solutes down from the leaves. This process uses
(14) ______________________ cells to load the sugar into (15) ______________________ members; both of these cells
are (16) ______________________ at maturity.
Complete the Table – Xylem and Phloem
Vascular Tissue
Major Conducting Cells
Cells Alive?
Functions
Xylem
17)
18)
19)
Phloem
20)
21)
22)
Matching – Uptake at Roots
Match the terms relating to nutrient uptake at roots with the appropriate description.
23. Vascular tissue
24. Vascular cylinder
25. Endodermis
26. Casparian strip
A. Waxy band acting as an impermeable barrier between the walls of
abutting endodermal cells; forces water and dissolved nutrients
through the cytoplasm of endodermal cells.
B. Two conducting tissues that distribute water and solutes
throughout the plant body.
C. Sheetlike layer of single cortex cells wrapped around the vascular
cylinder.
D. Tissues include the xylem and phloem.
Fill-in-the-Blanks – Water Movement
The cohesion-tension theory explains (36) transport to the tops of plants. The water travels inside tubelike strands of
(37), which are formed by hollow, dead cells called tracheids and vessel members. The process begins with the drying
power of air, which causes (38), the evaporation of water from plant parts exposed to air. (39) of hydrogen-bonded
water molecules in the xylem of roots, stems, and leaves provides a continuous column of water. This places the xylem
water in a state of (40) that extends from veins in leaves, down through the stems, to roots. As water continues to
escape from plant surfaces, water enters the roots.
Matching – Sugar Movement
Match each term with the appropriate description.
41. Translocation
42. Sieve-tube members
43. Companion cells
44. Source
45. Sink
46. Pressure flow theory
A. Any region where organic compounds are being loaded into the sievetube system.
B. Non-conducting cells adjacent to sieve-tube members that supply
energy to load sucrose at the source.
C. Any region of the plant where organic compounds are being unloaded
from the sieve-tube system and used or stored.
D. Process occurring in phloem that distributes sucrose and other organic
compounds through the plant (apparently under pressure).
E. States that pressure builds up at the source end of a sieve-tube system
and pushes solutes toward a sink, where they are removed.
F. Passive conduits for translocation within vascular bundles; water and
organic compounds flow rapidly through large pores on their end walls.