Loss of Hox-A1 (Hox-1.6) function results in the
... from alternate rhombomeres into separate branchial arches (Lumsden et al., 1991; Serbedzija et al., 1992). Disruption of this segmentation might be expected to result in rearrangement of peripheral structures as has previously been observed in hox-A1 mutant animals. Therefore, it was critical to det ...
... from alternate rhombomeres into separate branchial arches (Lumsden et al., 1991; Serbedzija et al., 1992). Disruption of this segmentation might be expected to result in rearrangement of peripheral structures as has previously been observed in hox-A1 mutant animals. Therefore, it was critical to det ...
Journal of Bacteriology
... Pseudomonas putida PCL1445 produces two cyclic lipopeptides, putisolvins I and II, which possess surfactant activity and play an important role in biofilm formation and degradation. In order to identify genes and traits that are involved in the regulation of putisolvin production of PCL1445, a Tn5lu ...
... Pseudomonas putida PCL1445 produces two cyclic lipopeptides, putisolvins I and II, which possess surfactant activity and play an important role in biofilm formation and degradation. In order to identify genes and traits that are involved in the regulation of putisolvin production of PCL1445, a Tn5lu ...
Synapsis-Mediated Fusion of Free DNA Ends Forms Inverted Dimer Plasmids in Yeast.
... yielding a 4-bp insertion mutation. Derivatives of pSK301 with ura3 or leu2 mutations were constructed as described above for pCH308. The resulting genetically marked plasmids are described in Figure 1. Plasmids pSK225 and pSK227 (Figure 4) are derivatives of pSK136 and pSK142, respectively, constru ...
... yielding a 4-bp insertion mutation. Derivatives of pSK301 with ura3 or leu2 mutations were constructed as described above for pCH308. The resulting genetically marked plasmids are described in Figure 1. Plasmids pSK225 and pSK227 (Figure 4) are derivatives of pSK136 and pSK142, respectively, constru ...
PDF manual - QIAGEN Bioinformatics
... length fraction" and "Minimum similarity fraction" settings will be used only for the mapping of all entries in sequence lists where one or more of the reads is 56bp or longer. The mapping parameters are: • Maximum number of mismatches. This parameter is available if you have selected at least one s ...
... length fraction" and "Minimum similarity fraction" settings will be used only for the mapping of all entries in sequence lists where one or more of the reads is 56bp or longer. The mapping parameters are: • Maximum number of mismatches. This parameter is available if you have selected at least one s ...
Opsin genes, cone photopigments, color vision, and color blindness
... occurs in certain congenital disorders, reduces (photopic) color vision to two dimensions or dichromacy. The loss of two further reduces it to one dimension or monochromacy. And, the loss of all three completely extinguishes it. Vision, then, is purely scotopic and limited to the rods. Cone pigments ...
... occurs in certain congenital disorders, reduces (photopic) color vision to two dimensions or dichromacy. The loss of two further reduces it to one dimension or monochromacy. And, the loss of all three completely extinguishes it. Vision, then, is purely scotopic and limited to the rods. Cone pigments ...
Liver Effects of Clinical Drugs Differentiated in Human Liver
... In this study, the ex vivo human liver slice model was used to characterize the initial effects of drugs associated with liver adverse effects clinically which encompass diverse mechanisms contributing to liver dysfunction and injury. All drugs were dosed daily and compared side-by-side within each ...
... In this study, the ex vivo human liver slice model was used to characterize the initial effects of drugs associated with liver adverse effects clinically which encompass diverse mechanisms contributing to liver dysfunction and injury. All drugs were dosed daily and compared side-by-side within each ...
PDF - Journal of Neuroscience
... interpeduncular nucleus. We precipitated withdrawal by systemically injecting the nicotinic antagonist mecamylamine in mice chronically treated with nicotine. Both the ␣2 and the ␣5 null mutations abolished the somatic manifestations of nicotine withdrawal. In addition, in wild-type mice chronically ...
... interpeduncular nucleus. We precipitated withdrawal by systemically injecting the nicotinic antagonist mecamylamine in mice chronically treated with nicotine. Both the ␣2 and the ␣5 null mutations abolished the somatic manifestations of nicotine withdrawal. In addition, in wild-type mice chronically ...
Anterior boundaries of Hox gene expression in mesoderm
... developmental regulation [3,6,25, 31, 36,391. The homeotic genes of Drosophila determine the fate of individual body segments by specifying positional information during embryogenesis (for reviews see [l, 20-22,441. That mammalian homeobox-containing genes also are controlling factors required for t ...
... developmental regulation [3,6,25, 31, 36,391. The homeotic genes of Drosophila determine the fate of individual body segments by specifying positional information during embryogenesis (for reviews see [l, 20-22,441. That mammalian homeobox-containing genes also are controlling factors required for t ...
PDF
... continuously required during, germ cell, embryonic and larval development, Utx therefore appears to have a more limited and specific function during development. This argues against a continuous interplay between H3-K27me3 methylation and demethylation in the control of gene transcription in Drosoph ...
... continuously required during, germ cell, embryonic and larval development, Utx therefore appears to have a more limited and specific function during development. This argues against a continuous interplay between H3-K27me3 methylation and demethylation in the control of gene transcription in Drosoph ...
Role of beta-adrenergic receptors in the ventromedial prefrontal
... this model, a neutral stimulus (e.g., a new context) acquires aversive properties after association with a biologically relevant stimulus, such as a footshock. The repeated presentation of the conditioned stimulus in the absence of aversive consequences results in a reduced occurrence of defensive b ...
... this model, a neutral stimulus (e.g., a new context) acquires aversive properties after association with a biologically relevant stimulus, such as a footshock. The repeated presentation of the conditioned stimulus in the absence of aversive consequences results in a reduced occurrence of defensive b ...
The enhancement of ribosomal transcription by the recycling of RNA
... then no longer depend solely on random collisions between the promoter or the spacer enhancer elements and the polymerase. Thus, yet a further mechanism to enhance the rate of ribosomal transcription may occur. Recycling of transcription factors could function either through release of the polymeras ...
... then no longer depend solely on random collisions between the promoter or the spacer enhancer elements and the polymerase. Thus, yet a further mechanism to enhance the rate of ribosomal transcription may occur. Recycling of transcription factors could function either through release of the polymeras ...
Comparative Analysis Using DNA Microarrays: Sensitivity
... Application within strategy of recurrence (first approximation) Let p denote probability that SLRMEASURE for a given gene will exceed a threshold l on a single comparison Then the probability that SLRMEASURE will exceed l on all 2n-1 independent measurements will be ~ p2n–1 ...
... Application within strategy of recurrence (first approximation) Let p denote probability that SLRMEASURE for a given gene will exceed a threshold l on a single comparison Then the probability that SLRMEASURE will exceed l on all 2n-1 independent measurements will be ~ p2n–1 ...
Hemoglobin A2: origin, evolution, and aftermath
... progressive decrease in &-globin synthesis in relation to P-globin in increasingly mature cells. A relative instability of 8-globin mRNA was proposed as a mechanism for the premature decrease in &globin synthesis? Using highly selective probes for P- and &globin mRNA, it was found that the half-life ...
... progressive decrease in &-globin synthesis in relation to P-globin in increasingly mature cells. A relative instability of 8-globin mRNA was proposed as a mechanism for the premature decrease in &globin synthesis? Using highly selective probes for P- and &globin mRNA, it was found that the half-life ...
Respiratory terminal oxidases in the facultative chemoheterotrophic
... Upon nitrogen step-down, some filamentous cyanobacteria differentiate heterocysts, cells specialized for dinitrogen fixation, a highly oxygen sensitive process. Aerobic respiration is one of the mechanisms responsible for a microaerobic environment in heterocysts and respiratory terminal oxidases ar ...
... Upon nitrogen step-down, some filamentous cyanobacteria differentiate heterocysts, cells specialized for dinitrogen fixation, a highly oxygen sensitive process. Aerobic respiration is one of the mechanisms responsible for a microaerobic environment in heterocysts and respiratory terminal oxidases ar ...
Regulation of Na/K-ATPase β1 -subunit gene
... other hand, HA1004 (HA-1004, N-(2-guanidinoethyl)-5isoquinoline-sulfonamide hydrochloride), a PKA-specific inhibitor, showed no effect on ouabain-induced up-regulation of β1. Interestingly, H-7 also significantly decreased basal levels of β1 mRNA in myocytes. These data and those on PMA (Fig. 3) cle ...
... other hand, HA1004 (HA-1004, N-(2-guanidinoethyl)-5isoquinoline-sulfonamide hydrochloride), a PKA-specific inhibitor, showed no effect on ouabain-induced up-regulation of β1. Interestingly, H-7 also significantly decreased basal levels of β1 mRNA in myocytes. These data and those on PMA (Fig. 3) cle ...
Illustrating Python via Bioinformatics Examples
... Timings on a MacBook Air 11 running Ubuntu show that the functions using list.append require almost the double of the time of the functions that work with list comprehensions. Even faster is the simple iteration over the string. However, the built-in count functionality of strings (dna.count(base)) ...
... Timings on a MacBook Air 11 running Ubuntu show that the functions using list.append require almost the double of the time of the functions that work with list comprehensions. Even faster is the simple iteration over the string. However, the built-in count functionality of strings (dna.count(base)) ...
Puffs and PCR: the in vivo dynamics of early gene
... zinc-finger domains at all stages in the salivary gland and in all tissues during the late larval response to ecdysone. Our results suggest that for BR-C both promoter usage and alternative splicing are developmentally regulated. This in vivo analysis of early gene isoform transcripts confirms that ...
... zinc-finger domains at all stages in the salivary gland and in all tissues during the late larval response to ecdysone. Our results suggest that for BR-C both promoter usage and alternative splicing are developmentally regulated. This in vivo analysis of early gene isoform transcripts confirms that ...
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC)
... haematopoietic cancer (which were significant in two), and in two, the numbers of such tumours were as expected from control rates. Because of the possibility of confounding occupational exposures, less weight can be given to the positive findings from the studies of chemical workers. Nevertheless, ...
... haematopoietic cancer (which were significant in two), and in two, the numbers of such tumours were as expected from control rates. Because of the possibility of confounding occupational exposures, less weight can be given to the positive findings from the studies of chemical workers. Nevertheless, ...
Direct control of shoot meristem activity by a cytokinin
... escence is measured, presumably owing to feedback regulation (data not shown). The determination of local cytokinin contents in the tip of the shoot meristem, where LOG is expressed (Fig. 3), is practically impossible due to the small number of LOG-expressing cells. Thus, as an alternative way to ex ...
... escence is measured, presumably owing to feedback regulation (data not shown). The determination of local cytokinin contents in the tip of the shoot meristem, where LOG is expressed (Fig. 3), is practically impossible due to the small number of LOG-expressing cells. Thus, as an alternative way to ex ...
The disease characteristics of different strains of scrapie in Sinc
... scrapie strains. These differences were within the range previously reported for unrelated mouse strains of the same Sinc genotype (Outram, 1976; K i n g s b u r y et al., 1983; Bruce & Dickinson, 1985; C a r p & Callahan, 1986). This adds to existing evidence that genes other than Sinc can make som ...
... scrapie strains. These differences were within the range previously reported for unrelated mouse strains of the same Sinc genotype (Outram, 1976; K i n g s b u r y et al., 1983; Bruce & Dickinson, 1985; C a r p & Callahan, 1986). This adds to existing evidence that genes other than Sinc can make som ...
Eyeblink Conditioning During an Interstimulus Interval Switch in
... (Woodruff-Pak, Seta, Roker, & Lehr, 2007) and developing rats (Brown, Pagani, & Stanton, 2006) suggests this is so. Because higher doses of picrotoxin appear to block initial acquisition (Bao et al., 2002), we decided to use a lower dose that has a demonstrated efficacy in unmasking short-latency re ...
... (Woodruff-Pak, Seta, Roker, & Lehr, 2007) and developing rats (Brown, Pagani, & Stanton, 2006) suggests this is so. Because higher doses of picrotoxin appear to block initial acquisition (Bao et al., 2002), we decided to use a lower dose that has a demonstrated efficacy in unmasking short-latency re ...
The role of Pax-1 in axial skeleton development
... boundaries. By cell labelling experiments it has been shown that one vertebral body is derived from cells originating from two adjacent somites (Bagnall, 1992; Ewan and Everett, 1992). The mechanisms that control these morphological events in axial and lateral regions have not been studied, however. ...
... boundaries. By cell labelling experiments it has been shown that one vertebral body is derived from cells originating from two adjacent somites (Bagnall, 1992; Ewan and Everett, 1992). The mechanisms that control these morphological events in axial and lateral regions have not been studied, however. ...
PDF
... activity causes developmental defects from embryogenesis onwards in white light. Cotyledon development and number are altered in hat3 athb4 embryos, and these defects correlate with changes in auxin distribution and response. athb2 gain-of-function mutation and ATHB2 expression driven by its promote ...
... activity causes developmental defects from embryogenesis onwards in white light. Cotyledon development and number are altered in hat3 athb4 embryos, and these defects correlate with changes in auxin distribution and response. athb2 gain-of-function mutation and ATHB2 expression driven by its promote ...
Mechanisms of translational regulation in bacteria
... Consequently, the genetic code is degenerate: Except for tryptophan and methionine, the amino acids are encoded by two, four or six different so called synonymous codons. Hence an organism can tune the codon sequence according to its needs without changing the amino acid sequence of the expressed pr ...
... Consequently, the genetic code is degenerate: Except for tryptophan and methionine, the amino acids are encoded by two, four or six different so called synonymous codons. Hence an organism can tune the codon sequence according to its needs without changing the amino acid sequence of the expressed pr ...
Genome-wide analysis of the distribution of AP2/ERF transcription
... Background: Cabbage (Brassica oleracea) is one of the most important leaf vegetables grown worldwide. The entire cabbage genome sequence and more than fifty thousand proteins have been obtained to date. However a high degree of sequence similarity and conserved genome structure remain between cabbag ...
... Background: Cabbage (Brassica oleracea) is one of the most important leaf vegetables grown worldwide. The entire cabbage genome sequence and more than fifty thousand proteins have been obtained to date. However a high degree of sequence similarity and conserved genome structure remain between cabbag ...