Structure and properties of the outer membranes of Brucella abortus
... properties (see Hydrophobicity). Group 3 Two proteins of 25 and 31 kDa with only 34% of identity are included in group 3 [50] and they are coded for by the omp25 and omp31 genes [5]. Based on algorithmic analyses of the predicted amino acid sequences, none of these two proteins would show the hydrop ...
... properties (see Hydrophobicity). Group 3 Two proteins of 25 and 31 kDa with only 34% of identity are included in group 3 [50] and they are coded for by the omp25 and omp31 genes [5]. Based on algorithmic analyses of the predicted amino acid sequences, none of these two proteins would show the hydrop ...
Proteomics of Plasma Membranes from Poplar Trees Reveals
... © 2010 by The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc. This paper is available on line at http://www.mcponline.org ...
... © 2010 by The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc. This paper is available on line at http://www.mcponline.org ...
Sensory TRP Channel Interactions with Endogenous Lipids and
... The existence of a sensory component that detects noxiously high temperatures has been raised in medium to large diameter DRG neurons [11]. TRPV2 channel is found to be the component that opens in response to noxious heat and has a threshold of 51 °C. TRPV2 is expressed in thinly myelinated sensory ...
... The existence of a sensory component that detects noxiously high temperatures has been raised in medium to large diameter DRG neurons [11]. TRPV2 channel is found to be the component that opens in response to noxious heat and has a threshold of 51 °C. TRPV2 is expressed in thinly myelinated sensory ...
University of Groningen The Plasma Membrane of
... has been investigated. For example, choline or ethanolamine auxotrophs have been used to specifically enrich the plasma membrane for PC or PE, respectively, or to deplete the membrane of PS (4, 5). Several membrane-associated processes are affected by changes in the lipid composition; e.g., the appa ...
... has been investigated. For example, choline or ethanolamine auxotrophs have been used to specifically enrich the plasma membrane for PC or PE, respectively, or to deplete the membrane of PS (4, 5). Several membrane-associated processes are affected by changes in the lipid composition; e.g., the appa ...
articles
... rates of infection. However, clinical use of antimicrobial peptides is hampered by issues of cost and stability. The development of nonpeptide mimics of antimicrobial peptides may provide the best of both worlds: a means of using the same mechanism chosen by Nature to control bacterial growth withou ...
... rates of infection. However, clinical use of antimicrobial peptides is hampered by issues of cost and stability. The development of nonpeptide mimics of antimicrobial peptides may provide the best of both worlds: a means of using the same mechanism chosen by Nature to control bacterial growth withou ...
Regulation of phospholipase D activity, membrane targeting and
... by PtdIns(4,5)P2 with a potency and efficacy that is indistinguishable from that of their wild-type counterparts [22–24]. Although we now know that the PLD PX and PH domains can bind phosphoinositides and play important roles in targeting the enzymes to different membrane compartments in the cell, w ...
... by PtdIns(4,5)P2 with a potency and efficacy that is indistinguishable from that of their wild-type counterparts [22–24]. Although we now know that the PLD PX and PH domains can bind phosphoinositides and play important roles in targeting the enzymes to different membrane compartments in the cell, w ...
Specialization of Oleosins in Oil Body Dynamics
... Oil bodies (OBs) are seed-specific lipid storage organelles that allow the accumulation of neutral lipids that sustain plantlet development after the onset of germination. OBs are covered with specific proteins embedded in a single layer of phospholipids. Using fluorescent dyes and confocal microscopy, ...
... Oil bodies (OBs) are seed-specific lipid storage organelles that allow the accumulation of neutral lipids that sustain plantlet development after the onset of germination. OBs are covered with specific proteins embedded in a single layer of phospholipids. Using fluorescent dyes and confocal microscopy, ...
Phosphatidylcholine traffic to the vacuole
... phospholipids were resuspended by vortex mixing with SDC and the mixture was passed 5-8 times through a Lipex Extruder (Lipex Biomembranes, Vancouver, BC, Canada) equipped with 0.1 µm filters to produce a solution of vesicles with 1 mM total phospholipid. Phospholipid preparations were made fresh fo ...
... phospholipids were resuspended by vortex mixing with SDC and the mixture was passed 5-8 times through a Lipex Extruder (Lipex Biomembranes, Vancouver, BC, Canada) equipped with 0.1 µm filters to produce a solution of vesicles with 1 mM total phospholipid. Phospholipid preparations were made fresh fo ...
REVIEWS
... The acquisition of multidrug resistance is a serious impediment to improved healthcare. Multidrug resistance is most frequently due to active transporters that pump a broad spectrum of chemically distinct, cytotoxic molecules out of cells, including antibiotics, antimalarials, herbicides and cancer ...
... The acquisition of multidrug resistance is a serious impediment to improved healthcare. Multidrug resistance is most frequently due to active transporters that pump a broad spectrum of chemically distinct, cytotoxic molecules out of cells, including antibiotics, antimalarials, herbicides and cancer ...
REVIEW - The Journal of Cell Biology
... accounts for ~ 2 5 - 3 0 % of the total thylakoid membrane proteins, and it consists of at least two integral polypeptides (90) of similar molecular weights (cf. reference 4). Several peripheral membrane proteins including ferredoxin, ferredoxinNADP reductase (cf. reference 19), plastocyanin (53, 61 ...
... accounts for ~ 2 5 - 3 0 % of the total thylakoid membrane proteins, and it consists of at least two integral polypeptides (90) of similar molecular weights (cf. reference 4). Several peripheral membrane proteins including ferredoxin, ferredoxinNADP reductase (cf. reference 19), plastocyanin (53, 61 ...
Encapsulation of Plasmid DNA in Stabilized Plasmid – Lipid
... concentrations below the optimal range resulted in aggregate formation while at concentrations above the optimal range, interaction of the plasmid with lipid structures was inhibited and little or no encapsulation occurred. However this protocol was not successful for cationic lipid concentrations h ...
... concentrations below the optimal range resulted in aggregate formation while at concentrations above the optimal range, interaction of the plasmid with lipid structures was inhibited and little or no encapsulation occurred. However this protocol was not successful for cationic lipid concentrations h ...
protein membranes as models of cosmetic ingredients penetration
... Another factor whic h may influence on penetration is charge of the drug , what was shown in the studies performed by Martin and Lippold (27) conce ming penetrati on of be nzoic acid and pyridine. It seems that di ssociation of benozic acid (in pH higher than 2.0) (27) and pyridine (in pH lower than ...
... Another factor whic h may influence on penetration is charge of the drug , what was shown in the studies performed by Martin and Lippold (27) conce ming penetrati on of be nzoic acid and pyridine. It seems that di ssociation of benozic acid (in pH higher than 2.0) (27) and pyridine (in pH lower than ...
Molecular Affinity and Permeability of Different Molecular Weight
... The membrane was separated from the dish, rinsed in distilled water to neutral, soaked in ethyl alcohol (70% v/v), and then dried at 50 °C. The thickness and swelling degree of the membrane were measured by thickness gauges (SM-1201) before and after the membranes were soaked in distilled water for ...
... The membrane was separated from the dish, rinsed in distilled water to neutral, soaked in ethyl alcohol (70% v/v), and then dried at 50 °C. The thickness and swelling degree of the membrane were measured by thickness gauges (SM-1201) before and after the membranes were soaked in distilled water for ...
The Membrane Steps of Bacterial Cell Wall Synthesis as Antibiotic
... antibiotics [22–26], have targets in the peptidoglycan synthesis pathway. Although studied in some detail, this pathway can still be exploited for novel antibacterial compounds. Research into the peptidoglycan biogenesis can therefore form part of our response to the ever-present problem of resistan ...
... antibiotics [22–26], have targets in the peptidoglycan synthesis pathway. Although studied in some detail, this pathway can still be exploited for novel antibacterial compounds. Research into the peptidoglycan biogenesis can therefore form part of our response to the ever-present problem of resistan ...
ref. #27 of the TIBS article
... We have shown that MGDC values vary with the length of the hydrophobic transmembrane segment (Nilsson et al., 1994). To quantify this effect, H2 was replaced by a stretch of n leucine residues and one valine side ¯anked by four N-terminal lysine residues and a C-terminal Gln-Gln-Gln-Pro segment, and ...
... We have shown that MGDC values vary with the length of the hydrophobic transmembrane segment (Nilsson et al., 1994). To quantify this effect, H2 was replaced by a stretch of n leucine residues and one valine side ¯anked by four N-terminal lysine residues and a C-terminal Gln-Gln-Gln-Pro segment, and ...
Journal of Food Science
... cultivars (Sweeny et al., 1969) and higher than those found in either Kennebec or Russet Burbank cultivars, although the latter were analyzed for ascorbic acid only (Shekhar et al., 1978). The influence of storage on the vitamin C content of tubers is shown in Fig. 1. Potatoes lost 40% of the vitami ...
... cultivars (Sweeny et al., 1969) and higher than those found in either Kennebec or Russet Burbank cultivars, although the latter were analyzed for ascorbic acid only (Shekhar et al., 1978). The influence of storage on the vitamin C content of tubers is shown in Fig. 1. Potatoes lost 40% of the vitami ...
Storage lipids of yeasts: a survey of nonpolar lipid metabolism in
... Biosynthesis and storage of nonpolar lipids, such as triacylglycerols (TG) and steryl esters (SE), have gained much interest during the last decades because defects in these processes are related to severe human diseases. The baker’s yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae has become a valuable tool to study ...
... Biosynthesis and storage of nonpolar lipids, such as triacylglycerols (TG) and steryl esters (SE), have gained much interest during the last decades because defects in these processes are related to severe human diseases. The baker’s yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae has become a valuable tool to study ...
fulltext - DiVA Portal
... functionally very important part of every cell. The membrane forms not only a barrier that seal out the cell’s external environment and so defines its boundary, but also mediates the selective exchange of information and substances. Furthermore, membranes are the sites where key steps of many vital ...
... functionally very important part of every cell. The membrane forms not only a barrier that seal out the cell’s external environment and so defines its boundary, but also mediates the selective exchange of information and substances. Furthermore, membranes are the sites where key steps of many vital ...
Dual-topology membrane proteins Escherichia coli Susanna Seppälä
... Cellular identity relies on the existence of the cellular membrane, a semipermeable barrier that encloses any cell and defines its boundary. In many cells, the interior is further divided into membrane enclosed compartments with specialized functions (organelles), and multicellular organisms are, si ...
... Cellular identity relies on the existence of the cellular membrane, a semipermeable barrier that encloses any cell and defines its boundary. In many cells, the interior is further divided into membrane enclosed compartments with specialized functions (organelles), and multicellular organisms are, si ...
PROTEIN-LIPID INTERPLAY IN FUSION AND FISSION OF
... Membrane remodeling in biological systems necessarily includes the rearrangement of membrane lipid matrices. The lipid bilayer is stabilized against any structural changes by a powerful hydrophobic effect (1). Hence, remodeling requires energy, which either comes from the thermal fluctuations exerte ...
... Membrane remodeling in biological systems necessarily includes the rearrangement of membrane lipid matrices. The lipid bilayer is stabilized against any structural changes by a powerful hydrophobic effect (1). Hence, remodeling requires energy, which either comes from the thermal fluctuations exerte ...
Biogenesis and origin of thylakoid membranes
... membranes [23]. Notably, these galactolipids contain two highly unsaturated fatty acyl chains instead of one as is common in membrane lipids and are both non-bilayer forming lipids. Additionally the thylakoids contain phosphatidylglycerol and sulfoquinovosyl diacylglycerol together with other minor ...
... membranes [23]. Notably, these galactolipids contain two highly unsaturated fatty acyl chains instead of one as is common in membrane lipids and are both non-bilayer forming lipids. Additionally the thylakoids contain phosphatidylglycerol and sulfoquinovosyl diacylglycerol together with other minor ...
Fractionation of Membranes from Metschnikowi`a
... and an ATPase with maximum activity at pH 8.5. These two enzyme markers were characteristic of mitochondria, designated M, (Fig. 3a, 6). A subsequent centrifugation of the two membrane fractions, the plasma membrane (PM,) and the mitochondrial layer (MI), on two separate density gradients of equal c ...
... and an ATPase with maximum activity at pH 8.5. These two enzyme markers were characteristic of mitochondria, designated M, (Fig. 3a, 6). A subsequent centrifugation of the two membrane fractions, the plasma membrane (PM,) and the mitochondrial layer (MI), on two separate density gradients of equal c ...
Etude in vitro de la stéatose hépatique induite par la - HAL
... protein was produced in vitro in various cell types, using heterologous expression systems. These studies showed that the HCV core protein was cytoplasmic, and either associated with the ER membrane or on the surface of lipid droplets [41, 42]. Subsequent studies have confirmed these observations [4 ...
... protein was produced in vitro in various cell types, using heterologous expression systems. These studies showed that the HCV core protein was cytoplasmic, and either associated with the ER membrane or on the surface of lipid droplets [41, 42]. Subsequent studies have confirmed these observations [4 ...
Lysenin: A sphingomyelin specific pore
... the binding and hemolytic activities of LRP-1 were 10 times less than those of lysenin and LRP-2. Lysenin and LRP-2 share 30 common sites of aromatic amino acids. Among them, only one position, phenylalanine 210, is substituted for isoleucine in LRP-1. The activity of LRP-1 was dramatically increase ...
... the binding and hemolytic activities of LRP-1 were 10 times less than those of lysenin and LRP-2. Lysenin and LRP-2 share 30 common sites of aromatic amino acids. Among them, only one position, phenylalanine 210, is substituted for isoleucine in LRP-1. The activity of LRP-1 was dramatically increase ...
Review Article GPCRs: Lipid-Dependent Membrane Receptors That
... License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are the largest class of molecules involved in signal transduction across cell membranes and represent major targets in the develop ...
... License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are the largest class of molecules involved in signal transduction across cell membranes and represent major targets in the develop ...
Theories of general anaesthetic action
A general anaesthetic (or anesthetic) is a drug that brings about a reversible loss of consciousness. These drugs are generally administered by an anaesthetist/anaesthesiologist in order to induce or maintain general anaesthesia to facilitate surgery.General anaesthetics have been widely used in surgery since 1842 when Crawford Long for the first time administered diethyl ether to a patient and performed a painless operation. It has long been believed that general anaesthetics exert their effects (analgesia, amnesia, immobility) by modulating the activity of membrane proteins in the neuronal membrane. However, the exact location and mechanism of this action are still largely unknown although much research has been done in this area. There are a number of outdated and modern theories that attempt to explain anaesthetic action.The concept of specific interactions between receptors and drugs first introduced by Paul Ehrlich states that drugs act only when they are bound to their targets (receptors). However, this concept does not seem to apply in the case of general anaesthetics because: Molecular structures of general anaesthetics widely used in medicine are very simple and diverse so that there is no obvious structure–activity relationship (see structures of general anaesthetics widely used in medicine: 1 - ethanol, 2 - chloroform, 3 - diethyl ether, 4 - fluroxene, 5 - halothane, 6 - methoxyflurane, 7 - enflurane, 8 - isoflurane, 9 - desflurane, 10 - sevoflurane)Most general anaesthetics have remarkably weak affinity for their targets acting at much higher concentrations than most other drugs so that diverse side effects are inevitable [ref].All these common features of general anaesthetics made it hard for early researchers to believe that general anaesthetics act in a specific manner and their action on neuronal membrane was thought to be global (through nonspecific perturbation of lipid membrane of CNS neurons) rather than through specific sites.