PRESENT UNDERSTANDING OF ACEH TSUNAMI
... be less than few feet high level at the surface, but the wave height is increasing rapidly in the sallow water of the coastal area. The tsunami energy extends from the surface to the bottom of the deepest water. In the deep oeean. a destructive tsunami can be small -often for only few feet or less i ...
... be less than few feet high level at the surface, but the wave height is increasing rapidly in the sallow water of the coastal area. The tsunami energy extends from the surface to the bottom of the deepest water. In the deep oeean. a destructive tsunami can be small -often for only few feet or less i ...
Urea decomposition by bacteria in the Southern California Bight and
... sinking N flux (PON plus DON) follows the pathway: sinking-N + urea + ammonium. This also raises the question of the mechanisms and organisms responsible for large-scale urea production in the mesopelagic zone. Bacteria may play a role in urea production as well because they are known to account for ...
... sinking N flux (PON plus DON) follows the pathway: sinking-N + urea + ammonium. This also raises the question of the mechanisms and organisms responsible for large-scale urea production in the mesopelagic zone. Bacteria may play a role in urea production as well because they are known to account for ...
Major impacts of climate change on deep
... The deep sea encompasses the largest ecosystems on Earth. Although poorly known, deep seafloor ecosystems provide services that are vitally important to the entire ocean and biosphere. Rising atmospheric greenhouse gases are bringing about significant changes in the environmental properties of the o ...
... The deep sea encompasses the largest ecosystems on Earth. Although poorly known, deep seafloor ecosystems provide services that are vitally important to the entire ocean and biosphere. Rising atmospheric greenhouse gases are bringing about significant changes in the environmental properties of the o ...
thesis
... phytoplankton in the community at N/P ratios between 8 and 16. Thus, it is argued that nutrient ratios play an important role in both yield and rate limitation of phytoplankton. In manuscript IV, the dissolution state of silicate over time in the Black Sea is investigated using protist remains in a ...
... phytoplankton in the community at N/P ratios between 8 and 16. Thus, it is argued that nutrient ratios play an important role in both yield and rate limitation of phytoplankton. In manuscript IV, the dissolution state of silicate over time in the Black Sea is investigated using protist remains in a ...
CV - Aquatic Biogeochemistry at NC State University
... 43. Vallieres, C., Retamal, L., Ramlal, P., Osburn, C.L., and Vincent, W.F. (2008). Bacterial production and microbial food web structure in a large arctic river and the coastal Arctic Ocean. Journal of Marine Systems, 74: 756-773. 44. Osburn, C. L. and St-Jean, G. (2007) The use of wet chemical oxi ...
... 43. Vallieres, C., Retamal, L., Ramlal, P., Osburn, C.L., and Vincent, W.F. (2008). Bacterial production and microbial food web structure in a large arctic river and the coastal Arctic Ocean. Journal of Marine Systems, 74: 756-773. 44. Osburn, C. L. and St-Jean, G. (2007) The use of wet chemical oxi ...
Chapter 43 TROPICAL AND SUB
... The boundaries and names shown and the designations used on this map do not imply official endorsement or acceptance by the United Nations. ...
... The boundaries and names shown and the designations used on this map do not imply official endorsement or acceptance by the United Nations. ...
Effect of high CO2 and low pH on benthic - E
... had been stable within a range of 280 ± 20 ppm (parts per million) up to the year 1750 (Indermühle et al. 1999). During industrialization, concentrations of the greenhouse gas rose roughly exponentially to 367 ppm in 1999 (Neftel et al. 1985; Etheridge et al. 1996; IPCC 2001) and to 397 ppm in the y ...
... had been stable within a range of 280 ± 20 ppm (parts per million) up to the year 1750 (Indermühle et al. 1999). During industrialization, concentrations of the greenhouse gas rose roughly exponentially to 367 ppm in 1999 (Neftel et al. 1985; Etheridge et al. 1996; IPCC 2001) and to 397 ppm in the y ...
as a PDF
... crustal composition is one of the most significant factors controlling ocean chemistry via the riverine flux. There are ongoing debates regarding the chemical composition of the Archean continents. Studies on REEs in the Archean upper continental crust suggest that intracrustal differentiation was l ...
... crustal composition is one of the most significant factors controlling ocean chemistry via the riverine flux. There are ongoing debates regarding the chemical composition of the Archean continents. Studies on REEs in the Archean upper continental crust suggest that intracrustal differentiation was l ...
Plate Tectonics: This works as a result of hot mantle asthenosphere
... Fig. 4 shows various suggestions (made at one time or other) for how the MOHO beneath oceans and continents could be a phase transition (change of mineralogy, but not a major change in composition). Serpentine is the hydrated variety of peridotite (with ca 12% water, thus lower density). Eclogite is ...
... Fig. 4 shows various suggestions (made at one time or other) for how the MOHO beneath oceans and continents could be a phase transition (change of mineralogy, but not a major change in composition). Serpentine is the hydrated variety of peridotite (with ca 12% water, thus lower density). Eclogite is ...
A new model for the global biogeochemical cycle of carbonyl sulfide
... using the 3-D oceanic NEMO-PISCES (Nucleus for European Modelling of the Ocean, Pelagic Interaction Scheme for Carbon and Ecosystem Studies) ocean general circulation and biogeochemistry model with process-based parameterizations of the main OCS production and removal processes (Fig. 1). The present ...
... using the 3-D oceanic NEMO-PISCES (Nucleus for European Modelling of the Ocean, Pelagic Interaction Scheme for Carbon and Ecosystem Studies) ocean general circulation and biogeochemistry model with process-based parameterizations of the main OCS production and removal processes (Fig. 1). The present ...
Antipodal hotspots and bipolar catastrophes: Were oceanic large
... addition, the available ages, or possible age ranges, for both hotspots of an antipodal pair tend to be similar (V 10 Myr difference) or overlap. Monte Carlo simulations indicate that the antipodal primary hotspots’ locations and ages are not due to chance at the N 99% confidence level ( p b 0.01). ...
... addition, the available ages, or possible age ranges, for both hotspots of an antipodal pair tend to be similar (V 10 Myr difference) or overlap. Monte Carlo simulations indicate that the antipodal primary hotspots’ locations and ages are not due to chance at the N 99% confidence level ( p b 0.01). ...
IOC Sub-Commission for the Western Pacific - UNESDOC
... The Ninth Intergovernmental Session of the IOC Sub-Commission for the Western Pacific (WESTPAC-IX) was convened at 10:00 a.m. on Wednesday, 9 May 2012 at the Paradise Hotel, Busan, Republic of Korea. The Session was organized by the IOC Regional Office for WESTPAC (WESTPAC Office), and hosted by the ...
... The Ninth Intergovernmental Session of the IOC Sub-Commission for the Western Pacific (WESTPAC-IX) was convened at 10:00 a.m. on Wednesday, 9 May 2012 at the Paradise Hotel, Busan, Republic of Korea. The Session was organized by the IOC Regional Office for WESTPAC (WESTPAC Office), and hosted by the ...
The role of local atmospheric forcing on the
... Crawford, 1995; Kantha and Clayson, 1994 etc.). Most of the studies of MLD variability ...
... Crawford, 1995; Kantha and Clayson, 1994 etc.). Most of the studies of MLD variability ...
The impact of urbanisation on coral reef ecosystems
... who one way or another has helped me during the course of my PhD. I surely could not have completed this task without them. More detailed acknowledgments related to the scientific papers presented are provided in chapters 3 to 5. The following is a list of people and/or entities that I wish to ackno ...
... who one way or another has helped me during the course of my PhD. I surely could not have completed this task without them. More detailed acknowledgments related to the scientific papers presented are provided in chapters 3 to 5. The following is a list of people and/or entities that I wish to ackno ...
The monsoon circulation of the Indian Ocean
... In this paper, we review observations, theory and model results on the monsoon circulation of the Indian Ocean. We begin with a general overview, discussing wind-stress forcing fields and their anomalies, climatological distributions of stratification, mixed-layer depths, altimetric sea-level distri ...
... In this paper, we review observations, theory and model results on the monsoon circulation of the Indian Ocean. We begin with a general overview, discussing wind-stress forcing fields and their anomalies, climatological distributions of stratification, mixed-layer depths, altimetric sea-level distri ...
Changes in optical characteristics of surface
... of CDOM promotes the formation of low molecular weight (LMW) compounds from the breakdown of high molecular weight DOM (HMW-DOM), facilitating the bioavailability of carbon uptake for microbial growth from biologically refractory material, and representing an important loss pathway for CDOM in the o ...
... of CDOM promotes the formation of low molecular weight (LMW) compounds from the breakdown of high molecular weight DOM (HMW-DOM), facilitating the bioavailability of carbon uptake for microbial growth from biologically refractory material, and representing an important loss pathway for CDOM in the o ...
160849e. - Japan Oceanographic Data Center
... the Collection of Oceanographic Data within the Context of UNCLOS, introduced this item. He reminded the group that the issue has been under discussion for the last five years and recalled the request by the 24th IOC Assembly to come up with a consensual text as soon as practicable. He summarized th ...
... the Collection of Oceanographic Data within the Context of UNCLOS, introduced this item. He reminded the group that the issue has been under discussion for the last five years and recalled the request by the 24th IOC Assembly to come up with a consensual text as soon as practicable. He summarized th ...
The Patrimonial Value of the Betic Ophiolites: Rocks from the
... Fig. 2. Subduction of oceanic floor under compressive conditions between continental plates, possibly followed by exhumation of part of this floor on the continental margin. ...
... Fig. 2. Subduction of oceanic floor under compressive conditions between continental plates, possibly followed by exhumation of part of this floor on the continental margin. ...
Acid-Base Biochemistry
... the lungs this process is reversed ► Haemoglobin is oxygenated reducing its buffering capacity and generating hydrogen ions ► These combine with bicarbonate to form CO2 which diffuses into the alveoli ► Bicarbonate diffuses into the cells from the plasma ...
... the lungs this process is reversed ► Haemoglobin is oxygenated reducing its buffering capacity and generating hydrogen ions ► These combine with bicarbonate to form CO2 which diffuses into the alveoli ► Bicarbonate diffuses into the cells from the plasma ...
Deep-Sea Corals: Special Issue of Current, the Journal of Marine
... recent research from the U.S. and Europe, primarily aimed at exploring and understanding ecosystems that were literally below the sonar screens of many scientists and agencies just a decade ago. Who knew there were coral reefs in Norway, coral gardens in Alaska, and undiscovered species of corals to ...
... recent research from the U.S. and Europe, primarily aimed at exploring and understanding ecosystems that were literally below the sonar screens of many scientists and agencies just a decade ago. Who knew there were coral reefs in Norway, coral gardens in Alaska, and undiscovered species of corals to ...
Oxygen Sensitivity of Anammox and Coupled N
... of OMZs due to global warming may have a large impact on the global N-cycle. We examined the effect of oxygen (O2) on anammox, NH3 oxidation and NO32 reduction in 15N-labeling experiments with varying O2 concentrations (0–25 mmol L21) in the Namibian and Peruvian OMZs. Our results show that O2 is a ...
... of OMZs due to global warming may have a large impact on the global N-cycle. We examined the effect of oxygen (O2) on anammox, NH3 oxidation and NO32 reduction in 15N-labeling experiments with varying O2 concentrations (0–25 mmol L21) in the Namibian and Peruvian OMZs. Our results show that O2 is a ...
National ocean policy: the basic texts from
... the sector when many of the factors affecting the sectors lie outside it. Perhaps the shortest description of the problem was formulated by Ministers Miliband and Brad2 ...
... the sector when many of the factors affecting the sectors lie outside it. Perhaps the shortest description of the problem was formulated by Ministers Miliband and Brad2 ...
Microbiology of seaMouNts
... and/or Epsilonproteobacteria being the most common members of hydrothermal habitats associated with seamounts exhibiting volcanic activity. Another noneruptive seamount scenario is also examined, for example, South Chamorro Seamount, an active forearc serpentinite mud volcano. ...
... and/or Epsilonproteobacteria being the most common members of hydrothermal habitats associated with seamounts exhibiting volcanic activity. Another noneruptive seamount scenario is also examined, for example, South Chamorro Seamount, an active forearc serpentinite mud volcano. ...
Agulhas Leakage Predominantly Responds to the Southern
... global circulation (Biastoch et al. 2008a). INALT01 consists of a base global model (that is identical in configuration to ORCA05) and a nest embedded within between 508S–88N and 708W–708E (Fig. 1). The nest refines the horizontal model grid over the Agulhas Current system and South Atlantic fivefol ...
... global circulation (Biastoch et al. 2008a). INALT01 consists of a base global model (that is identical in configuration to ORCA05) and a nest embedded within between 508S–88N and 708W–708E (Fig. 1). The nest refines the horizontal model grid over the Agulhas Current system and South Atlantic fivefol ...
Summary Report - UNESDOC
... Thailand has been engaged in various UNESCO/IOC programmes both at a global and regional level. Furthermore, Thailand has been hosting the WESTPAC Office with administrative support having provided since 1994. He further reiterated the willingness of the Government of Thailand to support WESTPAC. He ...
... Thailand has been engaged in various UNESCO/IOC programmes both at a global and regional level. Furthermore, Thailand has been hosting the WESTPAC Office with administrative support having provided since 1994. He further reiterated the willingness of the Government of Thailand to support WESTPAC. He ...
Ocean acidification
Ocean acidification is the ongoing decrease in the pH of the Earth's oceans, caused by the uptake of carbon dioxide (CO2) from the atmosphere. An estimated 30–40% of the carbon dioxide from human activity released into the atmosphere dissolves into oceans, rivers and lakes. To achieve chemical equilibrium, some of it reacts with the water to form carbonic acid. Some of these extra carbonic acid molecules react with a water molecule to give a bicarbonate ion and a hydronium ion, thus increasing ocean acidity (H+ ion concentration). Between 1751 and 1994 surface ocean pH is estimated to have decreased from approximately 8.25 to 8.14, representing an increase of almost 30% in H+ ion concentration in the world's oceans. Since current and projected ocean pH levels are above 7.0, the oceans are technically alkaline now and will remain so; referring to this effect as ""decreasing ocean alkalinity"" would be equally correct if less politically useful. Earth System Models project that within the last decade ocean acidity exceeded historical analogs and in combination with other ocean biogeochemical changes could undermine the functioning of marine ecosystems and disrupt the provision of many goods and services associated with the ocean.Increasing acidity is thought to have a range of possibly harmful consequences, such as depressing metabolic rates and immune responses in some organisms, and causing coral bleaching. This also causes decreasing oxygen levels as it kills off algae.Other chemical reactions are triggered which result in a net decrease in the amount of carbonate ions available. This makes it more difficult for marine calcifying organisms, such as coral and some plankton, to form biogenic calcium carbonate, and such structures become vulnerable to dissolution. Ongoing acidification of the oceans threatens food chains connected with the oceans. As members of the InterAcademy Panel, 105 science academies have issued a statement on ocean acidification recommending that by 2050, global CO2 emissions be reduced by at least 50% compared to the 1990 level.Ocean acidification has been called the ""evil twin of global warming"" and ""the other CO2 problem"".Ocean acidification has occurred previously in Earth's history. The most notable example is the Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM), which occurred approximately 56 million years ago. For reasons that are currently uncertain, massive amounts of carbon entered the ocean and atmosphere, and led to the dissolution of carbonate sediments in all ocean basins.