... neuropsychological component of ADHD. Recently, timing processing deficits are being studied in ADHD, and, furthermore, such abnormalities have been related with impulsiveness, a core symptom of ADHD. In spite of the influence that motivational and timing processes might have on cognitive functionin ...
Outputs of Radula Mechanoafferent Neurons in Aplysia are
... The transmission of sensory information from the periphery to the nervous system is modulated both at the level of primary sensory afferents (Brooke et al. 1997; Gu and MacDermott 1997; Hill et al. 1997; Passaglia et al. 1998; Pasztor and Macmillan 1990) and at various stages of processing in the CN ...
... The transmission of sensory information from the periphery to the nervous system is modulated both at the level of primary sensory afferents (Brooke et al. 1997; Gu and MacDermott 1997; Hill et al. 1997; Passaglia et al. 1998; Pasztor and Macmillan 1990) and at various stages of processing in the CN ...
Neural Networks
... Zhongzhi Shi, Markus Stumptner, Yalei Hao, Gerald Quirchmayr Knowledge and Software Engineering Lab ...
... Zhongzhi Shi, Markus Stumptner, Yalei Hao, Gerald Quirchmayr Knowledge and Software Engineering Lab ...
PDF
... A family of small homodimeric proteins termed neurotrophins plays a key role in the development of the vertebrate nervous system. Some of the most extensive information on the function of these proteins has come from work on sensory neurons and their progenitors. At an early developmental stage, the ...
... A family of small homodimeric proteins termed neurotrophins plays a key role in the development of the vertebrate nervous system. Some of the most extensive information on the function of these proteins has come from work on sensory neurons and their progenitors. At an early developmental stage, the ...
The supramammillary area: its organization, functions
... hippocampal cells (theta activity) via a relay in the medial septum (MS). These two types of interaction with the hippocampus are functionally separate and anatomically distinct. But they are of such a kind (controlling general tone and controlling the timing of firing of large populations of cells) ...
... hippocampal cells (theta activity) via a relay in the medial septum (MS). These two types of interaction with the hippocampus are functionally separate and anatomically distinct. But they are of such a kind (controlling general tone and controlling the timing of firing of large populations of cells) ...
Neural mechanisms of stimulus generalization in auditory fear
... accurate relay of auditory information to the amygdala. This hypothesis relies on the assumption that more complex processing requires cortical activity and that thalamic relay is faster then cortical transmission to the amygdala. The present work essentially aims at putting to test this largely acc ...
... accurate relay of auditory information to the amygdala. This hypothesis relies on the assumption that more complex processing requires cortical activity and that thalamic relay is faster then cortical transmission to the amygdala. The present work essentially aims at putting to test this largely acc ...
Sequence of information processing for emotions based on the
... with more layers or higher cell density than the cortex of destination and ‘feedback’ connections reflect the opposite relationship. Further, the structural model is relational, so that the relative laminar distribution of connections in pairs of linked areas is correlated with the relative differen ...
... with more layers or higher cell density than the cortex of destination and ‘feedback’ connections reflect the opposite relationship. Further, the structural model is relational, so that the relative laminar distribution of connections in pairs of linked areas is correlated with the relative differen ...
Interactions between amygdala central nucleus and the ventral
... scoring, many of the video tapes were scored by multiple observers, who agreed on 95% of > 10 000 joint observations. The number of observations scored as rearing was divided by the total number of observations in a scoring period to form the measure ‘‘% rearing’. Because the number of observations ...
... scoring, many of the video tapes were scored by multiple observers, who agreed on 95% of > 10 000 joint observations. The number of observations scored as rearing was divided by the total number of observations in a scoring period to form the measure ‘‘% rearing’. Because the number of observations ...
Reward loss and addiction: Opportunities for cross
... loss must be viewed in terms of reward relativity. According to this notion, organisms make decisions and adjust their behavior toward one incentive as a function of their experience with different rewards. For instance, the emotional impact of rejection by a romantic partner can be best understood ...
... loss must be viewed in terms of reward relativity. According to this notion, organisms make decisions and adjust their behavior toward one incentive as a function of their experience with different rewards. For instance, the emotional impact of rejection by a romantic partner can be best understood ...
Kir2 potassium channels in rat striatum are strategically
... All potassium channels require a tetrameric arrangement of four P-regions to make up a K+-selective filter. In contrast to the tetrameric association formed by the assembly of four 1P channel subunits in the plasma membrane3, the 4TM/2P type only needs to dimerize to construct a pore. The structural ...
... All potassium channels require a tetrameric arrangement of four P-regions to make up a K+-selective filter. In contrast to the tetrameric association formed by the assembly of four 1P channel subunits in the plasma membrane3, the 4TM/2P type only needs to dimerize to construct a pore. The structural ...
Theta Modulation in the Medial and the Lateral Entorhinal Cortices
... (2001) showed theta modulation of neurons in the entorhinal cortex, but they did not distinguish between LEC and MEC. During epochs of low-frequency (⬃5 Hz), low-amplitude theta in quiet, awake rabbits, LEC neurons do not show theta modulation, whereas a small fraction of MEC neurons are theta modul ...
... (2001) showed theta modulation of neurons in the entorhinal cortex, but they did not distinguish between LEC and MEC. During epochs of low-frequency (⬃5 Hz), low-amplitude theta in quiet, awake rabbits, LEC neurons do not show theta modulation, whereas a small fraction of MEC neurons are theta modul ...
Essential Roles for GSK-3s and GSK-3
... GSK-3 activity led to a defect in axon development in hippocampal neurons. However, Wnts also reportedly stimulate the extension of postcrossing commissural axons (Lyuksyutova et al., 2003). Further, two recent studies showed that formation of multiple long axons was induced in hippocampal cultures ...
... GSK-3 activity led to a defect in axon development in hippocampal neurons. However, Wnts also reportedly stimulate the extension of postcrossing commissural axons (Lyuksyutova et al., 2003). Further, two recent studies showed that formation of multiple long axons was induced in hippocampal cultures ...
Spinal sympathetic interneurons: Their identification and roles after
... activity (Fig. 1, lower panel, lighter traces). The positive correlation between the interneuron’s actual ongoing activity and ongoing renal sympathetic ...
... activity (Fig. 1, lower panel, lighter traces). The positive correlation between the interneuron’s actual ongoing activity and ongoing renal sympathetic ...
Anatomy and Physiology Challenge Exam Study Guidelines
... Note: It was agreed that a passing grade for the challenge exam would be 75% (even though the prerequisite grade is lower). This will ensure that the students adequately understand the required material if they haven't taken A&P in over 3 years. ...
... Note: It was agreed that a passing grade for the challenge exam would be 75% (even though the prerequisite grade is lower). This will ensure that the students adequately understand the required material if they haven't taken A&P in over 3 years. ...
Might the olfactory bulb be an origin of olfactory auras in focal
... Olfactory auras or phantosmia are false perceptions of odours, usually unpleasant and unprovoked by ambient surroundings. They are epileptic phenomena associated with focal complex seizures of mesial temporal lobe origin. They occur as isolated phenomena, usually lasting seconds or a few minutes, or ...
... Olfactory auras or phantosmia are false perceptions of odours, usually unpleasant and unprovoked by ambient surroundings. They are epileptic phenomena associated with focal complex seizures of mesial temporal lobe origin. They occur as isolated phenomena, usually lasting seconds or a few minutes, or ...
Ethanol Potentiation of Glycine-Induced Responses in Dissociated
... fetal alcohol syndrome/fetal alcohol effects are neurobehavioral disturbances, such as hyperactivity, learning disabilities, depression, and psychosis (Clarren and Smith, 1978). The mechanisms underlying EtOH effects on the developing human brain, however, are poorly understood. According to a very ...
... fetal alcohol syndrome/fetal alcohol effects are neurobehavioral disturbances, such as hyperactivity, learning disabilities, depression, and psychosis (Clarren and Smith, 1978). The mechanisms underlying EtOH effects on the developing human brain, however, are poorly understood. According to a very ...
Selective stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus in Parkinson`s
... Volkmann, et al., 2010) and the second supports convergence of these pathways (Percheron and Filion, 1991, Percheron, et al., 1984), while others consider parallel pathways with interaction between them (Joel and Weiner, 1994). In the literature these two theories are still under debate. In the same ...
... Volkmann, et al., 2010) and the second supports convergence of these pathways (Percheron and Filion, 1991, Percheron, et al., 1984), while others consider parallel pathways with interaction between them (Joel and Weiner, 1994). In the literature these two theories are still under debate. In the same ...
A neurotoxic regimen of MDMA suppresses behavioral, thermal and
... may be due to the loss of 5-HT nerve terminals following the repeated dose regimen of MDMA. The resulting defect in 5-HT neurotransmission may only be evident under conditions of stimulated 5-HT release, inasmuch as the basal extracellular concentration of 5-HT in the striatum, as well as in other b ...
... may be due to the loss of 5-HT nerve terminals following the repeated dose regimen of MDMA. The resulting defect in 5-HT neurotransmission may only be evident under conditions of stimulated 5-HT release, inasmuch as the basal extracellular concentration of 5-HT in the striatum, as well as in other b ...
Prefrontal Projections to the Thalamic Reticular Nucleus
... Most labeled boutons from prefrontal axons were small, but a second class of large boutons was also prominent. This is in contrast to the homogeneous small TRN terminations from sensory cortices noted previously and in the present study, which are thought to arise exclusively from layer VI. The two ...
... Most labeled boutons from prefrontal axons were small, but a second class of large boutons was also prominent. This is in contrast to the homogeneous small TRN terminations from sensory cortices noted previously and in the present study, which are thought to arise exclusively from layer VI. The two ...
A decade of the anaphase-promoting complex in the nervous system
... After six months, it is available under a Creative Commons License (Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International), as described at http:// creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/. ...
... After six months, it is available under a Creative Commons License (Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International), as described at http:// creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/. ...
Cholinergic Cells and Pathways
... employing it successfully (see below, section C). Then an immunocytochemical method was developed for detection of ACh (Geffard et al., 1985); of course, this technique would be most useful in definitive identification of cholinergic neurons and pathways, but there was no follow-up with regard to its ...
... employing it successfully (see below, section C). Then an immunocytochemical method was developed for detection of ACh (Geffard et al., 1985); of course, this technique would be most useful in definitive identification of cholinergic neurons and pathways, but there was no follow-up with regard to its ...
After all, it`s still replication: A reply to Jacob on simulation and mirror
... movements, motor acts, and complex actions, respectively, I will take the liberty of sometimes using one notion and, other times, using its cognitive counterpart, moving back and forth from the cognitive to the descriptive level. In order not to get lost, keep in mind that, in general, what holds fo ...
... movements, motor acts, and complex actions, respectively, I will take the liberty of sometimes using one notion and, other times, using its cognitive counterpart, moving back and forth from the cognitive to the descriptive level. In order not to get lost, keep in mind that, in general, what holds fo ...
Nicotine excites hypothalamic arcuate anorexigenic
... Huang H, Xu Y, van den Pol AN. Nicotine excites hypothalamic arcuate anorexigenic proopiomelanocortin neurons and orexigenic neuropeptide Y neurons: similarities and differences. J Neurophysiol 106: 1191–1202, 2011. First published June 8, 2011; doi:10.1152/jn.00740.2010.—Two of the biggest health p ...
... Huang H, Xu Y, van den Pol AN. Nicotine excites hypothalamic arcuate anorexigenic proopiomelanocortin neurons and orexigenic neuropeptide Y neurons: similarities and differences. J Neurophysiol 106: 1191–1202, 2011. First published June 8, 2011; doi:10.1152/jn.00740.2010.—Two of the biggest health p ...
Hox Genes: Choreographers in Neural Development, Architects of
... The neural circuits governing vital behaviors, such as respiration and locomotion, are comprised of discrete neuronal populations residing within the brainstem and spinal cord. Work over the past decade has provided a fairly comprehensive understanding of the developmental pathways that determine th ...
... The neural circuits governing vital behaviors, such as respiration and locomotion, are comprised of discrete neuronal populations residing within the brainstem and spinal cord. Work over the past decade has provided a fairly comprehensive understanding of the developmental pathways that determine th ...