Different adrenal sympathetic preganglionic
... adrenal capsule. Three criteria were used to establish the antidromic nature (35, 37) of the responses of spinal neurons to adrenal nerve stimulation: 1) constant onset latency, 2) high following frequency, and 3) collision with spontaneous action potentials or those evoked orthodromically by stimul ...
... adrenal capsule. Three criteria were used to establish the antidromic nature (35, 37) of the responses of spinal neurons to adrenal nerve stimulation: 1) constant onset latency, 2) high following frequency, and 3) collision with spontaneous action potentials or those evoked orthodromically by stimul ...
ARTICLE Hierarchy of orofacial rhythms revealed through whisking and breathing
... (Fig. 1b). To test whether whisking can also occur without breathing, we applied a puff of ammonia to the snout, which inactivates the central inspiratory drive19 (Supplementary Fig. 1) and temporarily inhibits respiration. Critically, rats can whisk during such a disruption in breathing (Fig. 1b), ...
... (Fig. 1b). To test whether whisking can also occur without breathing, we applied a puff of ammonia to the snout, which inactivates the central inspiratory drive19 (Supplementary Fig. 1) and temporarily inhibits respiration. Critically, rats can whisk during such a disruption in breathing (Fig. 1b), ...
Relating normalization to neuronal populations across cortical areas
... differentiate between these two possibilities by measuring whether neurons that are located near each other in cortex exhibit similar degrees of normalization. ...
... differentiate between these two possibilities by measuring whether neurons that are located near each other in cortex exhibit similar degrees of normalization. ...
Essential Roles for GSK-3s and GSK-3
... 2003). Perhaps surprisingly, dramatic defects in morphogenesis of nervous system or other organs have not been reported. The lack of effect of eliminating GSK-3b on morphological development has suggested ‘‘compensation’’ via the closely related GSK-3a isoform. However, there is as yet no proof that ...
... 2003). Perhaps surprisingly, dramatic defects in morphogenesis of nervous system or other organs have not been reported. The lack of effect of eliminating GSK-3b on morphological development has suggested ‘‘compensation’’ via the closely related GSK-3a isoform. However, there is as yet no proof that ...
The role of the basal ganglia in reinforcement learning
... Analysis of the correlation between cells revealed that the synchronization between dopaminergic neurons transiently increased following rewarding but not aversive events. The dynamics of the increase in synchronization did not mirror the dynamics of rate modulations. A simulation suggests that the ...
... Analysis of the correlation between cells revealed that the synchronization between dopaminergic neurons transiently increased following rewarding but not aversive events. The dynamics of the increase in synchronization did not mirror the dynamics of rate modulations. A simulation suggests that the ...
Modulation of premotor circuits controlling locomotor activity by
... Claire, I will be brief even if I have a lot to say. Thank you for accepting me in your lab. Giving a neuroscience project to someone who barely knew what the brain was about (as of November 2011) was a risky choice, but we made it work. I am super proud of what we have accomplished as a team. Thank ...
... Claire, I will be brief even if I have a lot to say. Thank you for accepting me in your lab. Giving a neuroscience project to someone who barely knew what the brain was about (as of November 2011) was a risky choice, but we made it work. I am super proud of what we have accomplished as a team. Thank ...
Rapid Translocation of Zn 2+ from Nerve Terminals
... FIG. 2. Stimulation-induced release of Zn . A: images of the hilus of hippocampal dentate gyrus perfused with 20 M NG dipotassium salt before (1) and 0.5 s after (2) electrical stimulation (200 s, 0.5-mA pulses at 100 Hz for 5 s). 4 in 1 and 2, placement of the stimulation electrodes. Scale bars a ...
... FIG. 2. Stimulation-induced release of Zn . A: images of the hilus of hippocampal dentate gyrus perfused with 20 M NG dipotassium salt before (1) and 0.5 s after (2) electrical stimulation (200 s, 0.5-mA pulses at 100 Hz for 5 s). 4 in 1 and 2, placement of the stimulation electrodes. Scale bars a ...
PDF
... Neuronal polarity is regulated by a direct interaction between a scaffolding protein, Neurabin, and a presynaptic SAD-1 kinase in Caenorhabditis elegans Wesley Hung, Christine Hwang, Michelle D. Po and Mei Zhen* The establishment of axon-dendrite identity in developing neurites is essential for the ...
... Neuronal polarity is regulated by a direct interaction between a scaffolding protein, Neurabin, and a presynaptic SAD-1 kinase in Caenorhabditis elegans Wesley Hung, Christine Hwang, Michelle D. Po and Mei Zhen* The establishment of axon-dendrite identity in developing neurites is essential for the ...
Thomas C. Südhof - Nobel Lecture Slides
... 1. Synaptobrevin, SNAP-25, and syntaxin are substrates for tetanus & botulinum toxins (C. Montecucco + R. Jahn laboratories; 1992/1993) 2. Synaptobrevin, SNAP-25, and syntaxin form a complex, known as SNARE complex (J. Rothman laboratory; 1993) 3. Munc18 binds to SNAREs and is homologous to Unc18 an ...
... 1. Synaptobrevin, SNAP-25, and syntaxin are substrates for tetanus & botulinum toxins (C. Montecucco + R. Jahn laboratories; 1992/1993) 2. Synaptobrevin, SNAP-25, and syntaxin form a complex, known as SNARE complex (J. Rothman laboratory; 1993) 3. Munc18 binds to SNAREs and is homologous to Unc18 an ...
to the Proceedings
... 1 University of Tübingen, Institute for Ophthalmic Research, Center for Integrative Neuroscience and Bernstein Center for ...
... 1 University of Tübingen, Institute for Ophthalmic Research, Center for Integrative Neuroscience and Bernstein Center for ...
Dopaminergic control of the globus pallidus and its impact
... The work of my thesis is a part of integrative neurobiology and focuses on studying the control exerted by dopamine on basal ganglia (BG), especially the "external part of globus pallidus or GPe". GPe being a nucleus, which plays a key role in the control of movement by exerting an inhibitory influe ...
... The work of my thesis is a part of integrative neurobiology and focuses on studying the control exerted by dopamine on basal ganglia (BG), especially the "external part of globus pallidus or GPe". GPe being a nucleus, which plays a key role in the control of movement by exerting an inhibitory influe ...
Relative Contributions of Specific Activity Histories and
... that, to a first approximation, all synapses connecting two specific neurons (commonly innervated [CI] synapses) will have similar activation histories when these are integrated over many days [21,22]. Assuming that changes in synaptic properties are driven primarily by activation histories, changes ...
... that, to a first approximation, all synapses connecting two specific neurons (commonly innervated [CI] synapses) will have similar activation histories when these are integrated over many days [21,22]. Assuming that changes in synaptic properties are driven primarily by activation histories, changes ...
Early and Rapid Targeting of Eye-Specific Axonal Projections to the
... France), Inspection des Services Vétérinaires (Lyon, France), European directive 86/609, and the California Regional Primate Center at University of California, Davis. Injections were performed on six macaque fetuses (E68, E72, E77, E77, E83, and E96). Successful labeling from both eyes was obtain ...
... France), Inspection des Services Vétérinaires (Lyon, France), European directive 86/609, and the California Regional Primate Center at University of California, Davis. Injections were performed on six macaque fetuses (E68, E72, E77, E77, E83, and E96). Successful labeling from both eyes was obtain ...
Ear manipulations help model neuroplasticity limitations
... 2) Can inner ear afferents find their targets in the hindbrain if they enter through a different cranial nerve or enter into a foreign territory? 3) What mechanisms do inner ear afferents use to find their targets in the hindbrain? 4) How will alteration of afferent input, either by ear removal or a ...
... 2) Can inner ear afferents find their targets in the hindbrain if they enter through a different cranial nerve or enter into a foreign territory? 3) What mechanisms do inner ear afferents use to find their targets in the hindbrain? 4) How will alteration of afferent input, either by ear removal or a ...
Read as PDF
... motor programs elicited in this manner are predominantly ingestive (Susswein et al., 1996) and are likely to be biting motor programs (Rosen et al., 1997). During carbachol-elicited programs we found that bursts of activity in B66 were out-of-phase with bursts of activity in B4/5 and out-of-phase wi ...
... motor programs elicited in this manner are predominantly ingestive (Susswein et al., 1996) and are likely to be biting motor programs (Rosen et al., 1997). During carbachol-elicited programs we found that bursts of activity in B66 were out-of-phase with bursts of activity in B4/5 and out-of-phase wi ...
Kir2 potassium channels in rat striatum are strategically
... 1.1 Kir2 channels 1.1.1 Potassium channels The diversity of potassium-(K+-)specific channels far exceeds any other group of ion channels. The importance of this superfamily of eucaryotic channels is underlined by the responsibility for many regulatory processes1. Potassium channels contain alpha sub ...
... 1.1 Kir2 channels 1.1.1 Potassium channels The diversity of potassium-(K+-)specific channels far exceeds any other group of ion channels. The importance of this superfamily of eucaryotic channels is underlined by the responsibility for many regulatory processes1. Potassium channels contain alpha sub ...
Dopamine neurons projecting to the posterior striatum form an
... Because rabies spreads to monosynaptic input neurons, the only information we ultimately needed to collect from each brain for the present goal of comparing the distribution of inputs was the position of each labeled cell body. Therefore, we only needed to image with sufficient resolution to disting ...
... Because rabies spreads to monosynaptic input neurons, the only information we ultimately needed to collect from each brain for the present goal of comparing the distribution of inputs was the position of each labeled cell body. Therefore, we only needed to image with sufficient resolution to disting ...
Mechanisms of gustatory coding in Spodoptera littoralis
... receptor neurons are clearly chemotopic, comparatively little is known on how gustatory neurons project to the central nervous system and how signals are encoded and processed by central neurons. In different insect species, including Lepidoptera, responses of gustatory receptor neurons situated on ...
... receptor neurons are clearly chemotopic, comparatively little is known on how gustatory neurons project to the central nervous system and how signals are encoded and processed by central neurons. In different insect species, including Lepidoptera, responses of gustatory receptor neurons situated on ...
Structure and Function of the Brain Serotonin System
... the size and characteristics of the axons, the wide number of pathways used, the general and precise patterns of innervation, and the evidence for both junctional and nonjunctional contacts. The anatomic distribution of the 5-HT receptor subtypes are reviewed. In addition there is evidence that the ...
... the size and characteristics of the axons, the wide number of pathways used, the general and precise patterns of innervation, and the evidence for both junctional and nonjunctional contacts. The anatomic distribution of the 5-HT receptor subtypes are reviewed. In addition there is evidence that the ...
Genetic analysis of the Complexin trans-clamping model Please share
... expressed mCpx mutants with three glycine residues between the central helix and the accessory helix (HB) to perturb the continuous α-helical structure. In addition, we sought to express Cpx separately as a split transgenic protein, thereby directly preventing cross-linking of two SNARE complexes. O ...
... expressed mCpx mutants with three glycine residues between the central helix and the accessory helix (HB) to perturb the continuous α-helical structure. In addition, we sought to express Cpx separately as a split transgenic protein, thereby directly preventing cross-linking of two SNARE complexes. O ...
Circadian clocks in crustaceans: identified neuronal and cellular systems
... to changes in light-dark conditions (49). Circadian rhythmic activities are well documented for locomotory, sensory, and central nervous systems in many crustacean species. The different systems (see Table 1) evidently involve almost all biological functions in crustaceans. The focus of this review ...
... to changes in light-dark conditions (49). Circadian rhythmic activities are well documented for locomotory, sensory, and central nervous systems in many crustacean species. The different systems (see Table 1) evidently involve almost all biological functions in crustaceans. The focus of this review ...
Potential switch from eupnea to fictive gasping after blockade of
... whereas neither the duration of neural expiration nor the burst frequency was significantly different (Fig. 2, A and B). Peak integrated phrenic activity was significantly greater in gasping than eupnea (130 ⫾ 15% of eupneic value; P ⬍ 0.05, Fig. 2C). Reflecting the greater rate of rise of inspirato ...
... whereas neither the duration of neural expiration nor the burst frequency was significantly different (Fig. 2, A and B). Peak integrated phrenic activity was significantly greater in gasping than eupnea (130 ⫾ 15% of eupneic value; P ⬍ 0.05, Fig. 2C). Reflecting the greater rate of rise of inspirato ...
- The Human Brain
... + pallidum, is rather abandoned in neuroanatomy but is still in use in pathology e .g . 'hepato-lenticular degeneration' . - The rostral part of the nucleus caudatus in man may have a homologous; function like the much more developed limbic striatum in lower mamals (Barbeau, 1973 ; Stevens, 1973) . ...
... + pallidum, is rather abandoned in neuroanatomy but is still in use in pathology e .g . 'hepato-lenticular degeneration' . - The rostral part of the nucleus caudatus in man may have a homologous; function like the much more developed limbic striatum in lower mamals (Barbeau, 1973 ; Stevens, 1973) . ...
The Dialectics of Hebb and Homeostasis within
... weights in response to changes in postsynaptic firing. I would argue instead that these global and local mechanisms likely represent fundamentally different forms of plasticity. The preponderance of evidence suggests that these global and local phenomena are induced through distinct mechanisms that ...
... weights in response to changes in postsynaptic firing. I would argue instead that these global and local mechanisms likely represent fundamentally different forms of plasticity. The preponderance of evidence suggests that these global and local phenomena are induced through distinct mechanisms that ...
Electrophysiology
Electrophysiology (from Greek ἥλεκτρον, ēlektron, ""amber"" [see the etymology of ""electron""]; φύσις, physis, ""nature, origin""; and -λογία, -logia) is the study of the electrical properties of biological cells and tissues. It involves measurements of voltage change or electric current on a wide variety of scales from single ion channel proteins to whole organs like the heart. In neuroscience, it includes measurements of the electrical activity of neurons, and particularly action potential activity. Recordings of large-scale electric signals from the nervous system such as electroencephalography, may also be referred to as electrophysiological recordings.